Modified Yukmijihwangtang Suppresses the Production of Proinflammatory Cytokines in the Intravesical Hydrochloric Acid-Induced Cystitis Rat Model via the NF-κB Pathway

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (02) ◽  
pp. 321-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Won Lee ◽  
Sok Cheon Pak ◽  
Songhee Jeon ◽  
Dong-Il Kim
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Intravesical Instillation ◽  
Bladder Function ◽  
No Production ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
T24 Cells ◽  
Injury Group

Yukmijihwangtang (YM), a boiled extract of medicinal plants, has been prescribed for patients with kidney dysfunction in Korea; however, the mechanism underlying its therapeutic effects has not been fully elucidated. This study was conducted to evaluate the beneficial effects on bladder function by using modified YM (M-YM), which included Ulmi radicis cortex in addition to the six traditional medicinal plants in YM. Bladder irritation of the rats was caused by intravesical instillation of HCl . The animals were divided into six groups: sham group, cystitis-injury group with no treatment, cystitis-injury group with prednisolone treatment (5 mg/kg), and cystitis-injury with M-YM treatment (100, 200 or 500 mg/kg groups). Whole bladders were collected at day eight after injury. Samples were analyzed by histological and immunological examinations. An in vitro study was performed to determine whether M-YM extracts inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production and I κ B phosphorylation in a human uroepithelial cell line of T24 cells. Administration of M-YM notably improved bladder histological changes, and suppressed IL-6/TNF α production and I κ B phosphorylation in a rat model of chronic cystitis. M-YM also inhibited LPS-induced NO production and I κ B phosphorylation in T24 cells. This study suggests that administration of M-YM might be an applicable therapeutic traditional medicine for the treatment of interstitial cystitis.

Effects of Psoraleae fructus and Its Major Component Psoralen on Th2 Response in Allergic Asthma

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (03) ◽  
pp. 665-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hualiang Jin ◽  
Limin Wang ◽  
Changqing Xu ◽  
Bei Li ◽  
Qingli Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Airway Hyperresponsiveness ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Th2 Response ◽  
Th2 Responses

This study is aimed to evaluate the effects of Psoraleae fructus (PF) on Th2 responses in a rat model of asthma in vivo and psoralen, a major constituent in PF, on Th2 responses in vitro. A rat model of asthma was established by sensitization and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA). Airway hyperresponsiveness was detected by direct airway resistance analysis. Lung tissues were examined for cell infiltration and mucus hypersecretion. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was assessed for cytokine levels. In vitro study, Th2 cytokine production was evaluated in the culture supernatant of D10.G4.1 (D10 cells) followed by the determination of cell viability, meanwhile Th2 transcription factor GATA-3 expression in D10 cells was also determined. The oral administration of PF significantly reduced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to aerosolized methacholine and decreased IL-4 and IL-13 levels in the BALF. Histological studies showed that PF markedly inhibited inflammatory infiltration and mucus secretion in the lung tissues. In vitro study, psoralen significantly suppressed Th2 cytokines of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 by ConA-stimulated D10 cells without inhibitory effect on cell viability. Furthermore, GATA-3 protein expression was also markedly reduced by psoralen. This study demonstrated that PF exhibited inhibitory effects on hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation in a rat model of asthma, which was associated with the suppression of Th2 response. Psoralen, a major constituent of PF, has immunomodulatory properties on Th2 response in vitro, which indicated that psoralen might be a critical component of PF for its therapeutic effects.

scholarly journals Engineered Stem Cells Improve Neurogenic Bladder by Overexpressing SDF-1 in a Pelvic Nerve Injury Rat Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 096368972090246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guan Qun Zhu ◽  
Seung Hwan Jeon ◽  
Kyu Won Lee ◽  
Hyuk Jin Cho ◽  
U-Syn Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Neurogenic Bladder ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Bladder Function ◽  
Pelvic Nerve ◽  
Injured Nerve

There is still a lack of sufficient research on the mechanism behind neurogenic bladder (NB) treatment. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of overexpressed stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) secreted by engineered immortalized mesenchymal stem cells (imMSCs) on the NB. In this study, primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were transfected into immortalized upregulated SDF-1-engineered BM-MSCs (imMSCs/eSDF-1+) or immortalized normal SDF-1-engineered BM-MSCs (imMSCs/eSDF-1−). NB rats induced by bilateral pelvic nerve (PN) transection were treated with imMSCs/eSDF-1+, imMSCs/eSDF-1−, or sham. After a 4-week treatment, the bladder function was assessed by cystometry and voiding pattern analysis. The PN and bladder tissues were evaluated via immunostaining and western blotting analysis. We found that imMSCs/eSDF-1+ expressed higher levels of SDF-1 in vitro and in vivo. The treatment of imMSCs/eSDF-1+ improved NB and evidently stimulated the recovery of bladder wall in NB rats. The recovery of injured nerve was more effective in the NB+imMSCs/eSDF-1+ group than in other groups. High SDF-1 expression improved the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. Apoptosis was decreased after imMSCs injection, and was detected rarely in the NB+imMSCs/eSDF-1+ group. Injection of imMSCs boosted the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase, p-AKT, and p-ERK in the NB+imMSCs/eSDF-1+ group than in other groups. Our findings demonstrated that overexpression of SDF-1 induced additional MSC homing to the injured tissue, which improved the NB by accelerating the restoration of injured nerve in a rat model.

scholarly journals In Vitro Study of Nitric Oxide Metabolites Effects on Human Hydatid ofEchinococcus granulosus

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razika Zeghir-Bouteldja ◽  
Manel Amri ◽  
Saliha Aitaissa ◽  
Samia Bouaziz ◽  
Dalila Mezioug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
No Production ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Nitric Oxide Metabolites

Hydatidosis is characterized by the long-term coexistence of larvaEchinococcus granulosusand its host without effective rejection. Previous studies demonstrated nitric oxide (NO) production (in vivo and in vitro) during hydatidosis. In this study, we investigated the direct in vitro effects of NO species: nitrite (NO2−), nitrate (NO3−) and peroxynitrite (ONOO−) on protoscolices (PSCs) viability and hydatid cyst layers integrity for 24 hours and 48 hours. Our results showed protoscolicidal activity ofNO2−andONOO−24 hours and 3 hours after treatment with 320 μM and 80 μM respectively. Degenerative effects were observed on germinal and laminated layers. The comparison of the in vitro effects of NO species on the PSCs viability indicated thatONOO−is more cytotoxic thanNO2−. In contrast,NO3−has no effect. These results suggest possible involvement ofNO2−andONOO−in antihydatic action and point the efficacy of these metabolites as scolicidal agents.

scholarly journals In Vitro study for hesperidin nanoparticles effect on phagocytic activity against Staphylococcus aureus

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Saja Ali ◽  
Ghassan Sulaiman ◽  
Mohammed M. Al-Halbosiy
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Poloxamer 407 ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Setup Cost ◽  
Phagocytosis Index

       Hesperidin is one of the flavonoids from citrus peels and it recognized to possess various biological activities such as, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials. The present investigation studies the immunological adjuvant influence of hesperidin nanoparticles. Hesperidin nanoparticles were prepared by nano-precipitation technique by using Poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) polymer and Poloxamer 407 was used as a stabilizer. This method was used because of their advantage of low setup cost and simplicity. Hesperidin nanoparticles were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and particle size analysis (PSA) analytical methods. The effect of hesperidin nanoparticles was higher than the effect of pure hesperidin, and there was an obvious increase in phagocytosis index (PI 82%) of hesperidin nanoparticles when compared with pure hesperidin (PI 56%) and in comparison with the control samples (PI 22%). In conclusion we need further studies about if nano-hesperidin has therapeutic effects.

scholarly journals IN VITRO STUDY OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS AND THEIR INTERRELATIONSHIP

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhi Rastogi ◽  
Mohammed Shariq Iqbal ◽  
Deepak Ohri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

 Objective: The objective of the present work is to study the in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of medicinal plants. The extent and correlation between anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity have been studied.Method: Methanolic and aqueous extracts of five medicinal plants, namely, Ficus racemosa, Aloe vera, Cannabis sativa, Datura stramonium, and Calotropis gigantean have been taken for in vitro anti-inflammatory and total antioxidant activity.Result: The study showed that the inhibition of protein (albumin) denaturation was maximum in aqueous extract of A. vera with 97.55±1.45%. Proteinase inhibitory action of different plant extracts showed significant action and was found to be maximum in aqueous extract of D. stramonium with 87.89±2.58%. Heat-induced hemolysis showed that maximum inhibition was with aqueous extract of F. racemosa with 90.72±3.33%. When hypotonicity-induced hemolysis activity was done it was found maximum in methanolic extract of C. gigantea with 90.58±3.04%. Anti-lipoxygenase activity was found maximum in methanolic extract of F. racemosa with 94.05±4.24%. When total antioxidant activity was done, it was found highest in F. racemosa (4.38±0.546 mM equivalent of ascorbic acid/g tissue).Conclusion: An overall strong positive correlation between anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity was observed, indicating that antioxidant activity of the plant species studied might be responsible for their anti-inflammatory property. Further work needs to be undertaken to fully elucidate the antioxidants responsible for anti-inflammatory action and to develop better herbal drug formulations.

Danaparoid sodium reduces ischemia/reperfusion-induced liver injury in rats by attenuating inflammatory responses

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (01) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoaki Harada ◽  
Hidefumi Kohmura ◽  
Mitsuhiro Uchiba ◽  
Tsutomu Tomita ◽  
Kenji Okajima
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Danaparoid Sodium ◽  
Cgrp Release ◽  
Neuron Activation

SummaryThis study was undertaken to examine the mechanism by which danaparoid sodium (DS), a heparinoid that contains mainly heparan sulfate, prevents reperfusion-induced hepatic damage in a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced liver injury. Administration of DS significantly reduced liver injury and inhibited the decrease in hepatic tissue blood flow in rats. DS attenuated hepatic I/R-induced increases in hepatic tissue levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in vivo. In contrast, neither monocytic TNF production nor neutrophil activation was inhibited by DS in vitro. DS enhanced I/R-induced increases in levels of calcitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP), a neuropeptide released from sensory neurons, and of 6-ketoprostaglandin (PG) F1α, a stable metabolite of PGI2, in liver tissues. The therapeutic effects of DS were not seen in animals pretreated with capsazepine, an inhibitor of sensory neuron activation. The distribution of heparan sulfate in the perivascular area was significantly increased by DS administration in this rat model. DS significantly increased CGRP release from isolated rat dorsal root ganglion neurons (DRG) in vitro, while DX-9065a, a selective inhibitor of activated factor X, did not. DS enhanced anandamide-induced CGRP release from DRG in vitro. These observations strongly suggested that DS might reduce I/R-induced liver injury in rats by attenuating inflammatory responses. These therapeutic effects of DS might be at least partly explained by its enhancement of sensory neuron activation, leading to the increase the endothelial production of PGI2.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory Effect of Gymnema sylvestre (R.Br.) Leaf Extract: An In Vitro Study in Rat Model

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e0139631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vineet Kumar Singh ◽  
Padmanabh Dwivedi ◽  
B. R. Chaudhary ◽  
Ramesh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effect ◽  
Gymnema Sylvestre

scholarly journals G-quadruplex ligands mediate downregulation of DUX4 expression

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 4179-4194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukasz Ciszewski ◽  
Ngoc Lu-Nguyen ◽  
Alex Slater ◽  
Andrew Brennan ◽  
Huw E L Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Muscle Fibrosis ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genetic Structures

Abstract Abnormal DUX4 expression in skeletal muscles plays a key role in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) pathogenesis, although the molecular mechanisms regulating DUX4 expression are not fully defined. Using bioinformatic analysis of the genomic DUX4 locus, we have identified a number of putative G-quadruplexes (GQs) forming sequences. Their presence was confirmed in synthetic oligonucleotiode sequences derived from the enhancer, promoter and transcript of DUX4 through circular dichroism and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. We further examined the binding affinity of a naturally occurring GQ stabilizing compound, berberine, to these non-canonical genetic structures using UV–Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Subsequent in vitro study in FSHD patient myoblasts indicated that berberine treatment reduced DUX4 expression and also expression of genes normally switched on by DUX4. Further investigation in a mouse model overexpressing exogenous DUX4 confirmed the therapeutic effects of berberine in downregulating DUX4 protein expression, inhibiting muscle fibrosis, and consequently rescuing muscle function. Our data demonstrate for the first time that GQs are present in the DUX4 locus and that the GQ interactive ligand reduces DUX4 expression suggesting potential role of GQs in FSHD pathogenesis. Our work provides the basis of a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of FSHD.

Comparison of the therapeutic potential of adult and embryonic neural precursor cells in a rat model of Parkinson disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichiro Muraoka ◽  
Tetsuro Shingo ◽  
Takao Yasuhara ◽  
Masahiro Kameda ◽  
Wen Ji Yuen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Neural Precursor Cells ◽  
Neural Precursor ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Adenoviral Infection

Object The therapeutic effects of adult and embryonic neural precursor cells (NPCs) were evaluated and their therapeutic potential compared in a rat model of Parkinson disease. Methods Adult NPCs were obtained from the subventricular zone and embryonic NPCs were taken from the ganglionic eminence of 14-day-old embryos. Each NPC type was cultured with epidermal growth factor. The in vitro neuronal differentiation rate of adult NPCs was approximately equivalent to that of embryonic NPCs after two passages. Next, the NPCs were transfected with either green fluorescent protein or glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) by adenoviral infection and transplanted into the striata in a rat model of Parkinson disease (PD) induced by unilateral intrastriatal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine. An amphetamine-induced rotation test was used to evaluate rat behavioral improvement, and immunohistochemical analysis was performed to compare grafted cell survival, differentiation, and host tissue changes. Results The rats with GDNF-transfected NPCs had significantly fewer amphetamine-induced rotations and less histological damage. Except for the proportion of surviving grafted cells, there were no significant differences between adult and embryonic NPCs. Conclusions Adult and embryonic NPCs have a comparable therapeutic potential in a rat model of PD.

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