MIXING WASHINGTON CONSENSUS WITH BEIJING CONSENSUS AND CORRUPTION IN AFRICA

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (02) ◽  
pp. 1640029
Author(s):  
OMER GOKCEKUS ◽  
YUI SUZUKI
Keyword(s):  
African Country ◽  
Domestic Institutions ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Economic Openness ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Beijing Consensus ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Data Regression

In theory, trade intensity should positively affect the quality of domestic institutions and governance; the higher the economic openness, the lower the corruption. In practice, however, the growth of economic openness has not been accompanied by the expected improvements in corruption for 34 African countries between 1990 and 2009. This paper presents a plausible explanation for this conundrum. Results from panel data regression analyses indicate that a switch from trading with the Advanced Economies to trading with China increases the perceived corruption level. For instance, in a “representative” African country, a 10% point substitution from trading with the Advanced Economies to trading with China makes its ICRG corruption score decline—indicating increased corruption—by 29%.

scholarly journals DIVERSIFIKASI EKSPOR NON MIGAS INDONESIA KE PASAR NON TRADISIONAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-238
Author(s):  
Hotsawadi Harahap ◽  
Widyastutik
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Structural Match ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Oil Exports

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis diversifikasi ekspor non migas Indonesia ke pasar non tradisional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis statistik deskriptif dengan pendekatan pengelompokan (clustering), Structural Match Index dan Demand Index, serta regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa negara yang diidentifikasikan sebagai negara non tradisional potensial adalah Brazil, Pantai Gading, Mesir, Georgia, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Myanmar, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Russian Federation, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, dan Uruguay. Hasil regresi data panel menunjukkan bahwa Random Effect Model merupakan model yang terbaik untuk menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi ekspor non migas Indonesia ke negara non tradisional. Hasil regresi menunjukkan bahwa GDP riil negara tujuan, populasi negara tujuan, nilai tukar riil, FDI dan kualitas pelabuhan Indonesia berpengaruh signifikan secara statistik terhadap ekspor non migas Indonesia ke negara non tradisional potensial tersebut. Beberapa rekomendasi kebijakan yang perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan ekspor non migas ke negara tujuan non tradisional diantaranya perlu dilakukan intelejen pasar mengenai kebutuhan dan selera dari masing-masing negara non tradisional atas produk Indonesia, peningkatan kualitas pelabuhan Indonesia dan kebijakan tambahan yang memberikan insentif untuk menarik Foreign Direct Investment ke Indonesia. Kata Kunci: Diversifikasi Ekspor, Demand Index, Non traditional, Random Effect Model, Structural Match Index   Abstract This study aims to analyze the diversification of Indonesia's non-oil and gas exports to non-traditional markets. The research method used is descriptive statistical analysis with a clustering approach, Structural Match Index and demand index, and panel data regression. The results showed that countries identified as potential non-traditional countries were Brazil, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Georgia, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Myanmar, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Russian Federation, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, and Uruguay. The panel data regression results show that the random effect model is the best model to explain the factors that influence Indonesia's non-oil exports to non-traditional countries. The results show that the real GDP of the destination country, the population of the destination country, the real exchange rate, FDI and the quality of Indonesia's ports have a statistically significant effect on Indonesia's non-oil exports to these potential non-traditional countries. Then, in this study there are several policy recommendations that need to be done to increase non-oil and gas exports to non-traditional destination countries including market intelligence regarding the needs and tastes of each non-traditional country for Indonesian products, improving the quality of Indonesian ports and additional policies that provide incentives to attract Foreign Direct Investment to Indonesia. Keywords:  Export Diversification, Demand Index, Non-traditional, Random Effect Model, Structural Match Index JEL Classifications: F13, F15, F18

scholarly journals PENGARUH KETERBUKAAN EKONOMI, PENDIDIKAN, DAN PENGANGGURAN TERHADAP KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN DI INDONESIA

Media Ekonomi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ibnu Fatsabit ◽  
Husna Leila Yusran
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Economic Openness ◽  
Export Ratio ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Negative Effect

<em>This study aim is to see the influence of economic openness, education level, and unemployment rate toward against income inequality at the provincial level in Indonesia.</em> <em>This study uses panel data regression analysis by using Eviews 8 analysis tools. The data used in this study is secondary data consisting of gini ratio, export/GDRB ratio, import/GDRB ratio, foreign direct investment/PDRB ratio, unemployment rate and average length of school, at 33 provinces in Indonesia in the period of 2007 to 2016. </em><em>The results obtained show that only the export ratio and unemployment rate have an effect on the level of inequality in Indonesia. The export ratio has a positive and significant effect, while the unemployment rate variable has a significant negative effect.</em>

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kualitas DIPA dan Akurasi Perencanaan Kas Terhadap Kualitas Penyerapan Anggaran

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heru Suwito
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Positive Effect

Goverment faces economic problem continuously that affect the economic growth where the most impact occured is from State Budge. The low absorption rate of goverment budget as seen from the realization of the state ministry/institutional budget hampers the rate of economic growth. The purpose of this study is to provide empirical evidence about the effect of DIPA quality and the accuracy of cash planning on the level of budget absorption of working unit in the working area of regional office of the Directorate General of Treasury, Lampung Province. The data used is secondary data in the form of data from the spending units which revised the budget and data on the planned withdrawal of the budget in the regional office of the Directorate General of Treasury, Lampung Province in 2013-2016. The sample of this study are working units who managed a budget of more than 10 billion on a quarterly basis during the period 2013-2016, with a total sample of 496 data studies. Hypothesis testing is performed using panel data regression Eviews version. The results of the study show that the quality of DIPA and accuracy of cash planning have a significant positive effect on the level of budget absorption of working units in the working area of regional office of the Directorate General of Treasury, Lampung Province.

Legal source, institutional quality and FDI flows in Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfred A. Bokpin ◽  
Lord Mensah ◽  
Michael E. Asamoah
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
South African ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression

Purpose This paper aims to find out how the legal system interacts with other institutions in attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) into Africa. Design/methodology/approach The authors use annual panel data of 49 African countries over the period 1980 to 2011, and use the system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation technique and pooled panel data regression. Findings The authors find that the source of a country’s legal system deters FDI inflow as institutions alone cannot bring in the needed quantum of FDI. In terms of trading blocs, it was found that there is negative significant relationship between institutional quality and FDI for South African Development Community (SADC) as well as Economic Community of West Africa States (ECOWAS) countries. Practical implications For policy implications, the results suggest that reliance on institutions alone cannot project the continent to attract the needed FDI. Originality/value Empiricists have devoted considerable effort to estimating the relationship between institutions and FDI on the African continent, but this paper seeks to ascertain the effect of legal systems and institutional quality within African specific trade and regional blocks.

scholarly journals Grey power and the Economy: Aging and Inflation Across Advanced Economies

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Vlandas
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Older People ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Inflation Rates ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Democratic Parties ◽  
Social Democratic Parties ◽  
Larger Sample

What explains the cross-national variation in inflation rates across countries? In contrast to most literature, which emphasizes the role of ideas and institutions, this article focuses on electoral politics and argues that aging leads to lower inflation rates. Countries with a larger share of elderly exhibit lower inflation because older people are both more inflation averse and politically powerful, forcing parties seeking their votes to pursue lower inflation. Logistic regression analysis of survey data confirms that older people are more inflation averse and more likely to punish incumbents at the ballot box for inflation. Panel data regression analysis shows that social democratic parties have more economically orthodox manifestos in European countries with more elderly people, and that the share of elderly is negatively correlated with inflation in both a sample of 21 advanced economies and a larger sample of 175 countries. Aging therefore pushes governments to pursue lower inflation.

scholarly journals Investigating if the Financial Markets Performance Affects the Shadow Economy: Additional Evidence From EU Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Pyrros Papadimitriou ◽  
Thomas Poufinas ◽  
George Galanos ◽  
Charalampos Agiropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Underground Economy ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Inflation Rates ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Data Regression

The shadow economy also known as the informal or unobserved or underground economy, is a phenomenon that affects not only emerging markets and developing countries but also advanced economies. In general, this undeclared economic activity is hard to measure given its hidden nature in addition to its relation with unlawful activities. Nevertheless, apart from the legal aspects that may appear, shadow economy has negative implications in terms of tax revenue and social security contributions for the nations. To this end, an extensive literature has explored the measurement issues as well as the root causes of this phenomenon proving that the underground economy constitutes a significant portion of the overall economy in a number of countries. This paper tries to investigate the relationship between the shadow economy and the financial markets. This paper employs a number of panel data regression models to detect the association between the financial market metrics and the shadow economy (as a% of GDP). The outcome of this paper is that it finds evidence that increased market capitalization, GDP per capita and FDI as well as low unemployment and inflation rates contribute to low levels of shadow economy. This can be of value to policy makers and the competent authorities of the countries that wish to find means to contain their shadow economy.

scholarly journals Non-performing financing of Islamic rural bank industry in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Nadratuzzaman Hosen ◽  
Syafaat Muhari
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression

This study is aimed at analyzing the financial performance and indicator of macroeconomics to influence the quality of financing at Islamic Rural Bank Industry (IRBI) in Indonesia. The panel data regression is used to predict the change of quality of financing which is reflected by value of non-performing financing (NPF). The model of this study is grouped by four areas of working zones because IRBI has different competency depending on its region. The sample of the study used 72 IRBIs in the periods of Quarter II 2010 to Quarter I 2016. The results of the study show that simultanuously variables for the size of banks, financing to deposit ratio (FDR), operational efficiency ratio (OER), return on equity (ROE), expense to assets (EA), percentage of gross domestic product (GDP), and the rate of inflation are statistically significant to non-performing financing of the IRBI in Indonesia. GDP has strongly significant impact on the NPF of IRBI in Indonesia. According to Areas of working zones, inflation has quite significant impact on the IRBI in Zone One, and GDP has strongly significant impact on the IRBI in Zone Two, Zone Three, and Zone Four. Nevertheless, there are different effects of GDP towards NPF which has a negative impact on Zone One and Zone Four, meanwhile Zone Two and Zone Three have positive impact. In conclusion, government policy treatment should be different at every zone.

scholarly journals DETERMINANT OF CAPITAL RATIO: A PANEL DATA ANALYSIS ON STATE-OWNED BANKS IN INDONESIA

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamuji Gesang Raharjo ◽  
Dedi Budiman Hakim ◽  
Adler Haymans Manurung ◽  
Tubagus Nur Ahmad Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Interest Rate Risk ◽  
Management Capability ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Structure State ◽  
The Interest Rate

Capital plays important role to support the operational of the banks and to create a sound banking system in aggregate. For this reason, the banks are required to have a sufficient amount of capital, both to support its business expansion as well as a buffer to prevent and to absorb any unexpected losses. This paper analyzes determinants of capital ratio of the state-owned banks in Indonesia. Using panel data regression model, the result shows that the capital ratio of these state-owned banks is affected by the size of the bank, the bank’s leverage, the quality of management, and the interest rate risk. Contrary to the existing literatures, this paper does not support the effect of management capability to generate income on the bank’s capital ratio. Keywords: Capital structure, state-owned banks, panel estimation.JEL Classification: C23, G21, G32

scholarly journals ANALISIS ATAS PENGHINDARAN PAJAK (TAX AVOIDANCE) PADA PERUSAHAAN PROPERTY DAN REAL ESTATE DI INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Yanuar Irawan ◽  
Havid Sularso ◽  
Yusriati Nur Farida
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Level Of Significance

The Research aims to examine the effect of Size of the Company (SIZE), Profitability (ROA), Leverage (DAR), Institutional Ownership (INST), and Quality of Audit (QA) to Tax Avoidance. The object under study is property and real estate companies that listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the years 2013-2015. The sampling method used in this study is nonprobability sampling with purposive sampling technique and the level of significance is 5%. Data were analyzed using panel data regression methods and processed with Ms. Excel and EViews version 9 program. Statistical test showed that simultaneously SIZE, ROA, DAR, INST, and QA have significant effect on tax avoidance. ROA is the most dominant variable affect tax avoidance. Partially, SIZE and ROA has significant positively effect on tax avoidance. QA partially has significant negatively effect on tax avoidance. Meanwhile, DAR and INST showed no effect on tax avoidance. The results of this study indicate that, all independent variables can explain the variance in the dependent variable 44,72% based on determination coefficient test (R2).

scholarly journals The Impact of UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulation on Audit Fees: Evidence from Spanish Football

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Mareque ◽  
Angel Barajas ◽  
Francisco Lopez-Corrales
Keyword(s):  
Audit Fees ◽  
Fair Play ◽  
Financial Fair Play ◽  
Football Clubs ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Regulation Change ◽  
Audit Reports ◽  
The Impact

This paper analyzes if the Financial Fair Play (FFP) regulations set by UEFA have influenced the auditing fees charged to the football clubs. In addition, it explores the determinants of audit fees. We use a two-sample t test with equal variances to determine whether differences are present. After this, we carry out a panel data regression with clubs fix effect to estimate the determinants of audit fees in football clubs. Our findings reveal an increase of audit fees after the implementation of FFP regulations. On top of that, audit fees are explained by the presence of foreign investors if the audit firm is one of the Big4 and if the auditor is a woman. The regulation change has an impact on the audit fees charged by auditors for their services. However, this increase can be compensated across future years given the improving financial situation of clubs; therefore, the auditors&rsquo; risk diminishes and subsequent audit fees may be reduced. UEFA should monitor audit fees as well as the quality of the audit reports, which have become crucial to obtaining the license to participate in UEFA competitions.

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