THE EMERGENCE OF NEW TECHNOLOGY-BASED SECTORS: A PROXIMITY APPROACH BASED ON CHINESE PATENT DATA

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
HUA ZHANG ◽  
CHRISTOPHER DECKER ◽  
JINLAN NI
Keyword(s):  
Product Space ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Technological Capabilities ◽  
Patent Data ◽  
Positive Spillover ◽  
Chinese Patent ◽  
Technology Structure ◽  
Province Level

This paper analyzes the emergence of new technology-based sectors in China based on Chinese patent data. We apply the research framework based on product-space methodology to Chinese patent data and find that China displays similar characteristics to other developed countries. The technology structure based on local accumulated capabilities at the province level plays the biggest role in the emergence of new technology-based sectors. Furthermore, we find that the accumulated technological capabilities in adjacent provinces have positive spillover effects to this emergence and the accumulated technological capabilities in non-adjacent provinces have uncertain effects to this emergence; the spread of capabilities is constrained by geographical distance.

scholarly journals The Spatial and Mechanism Difference in the Export Evolution of Product Space in Global Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2255
Author(s):  
Shan Li ◽  
Xun Li ◽  
Wei Lang ◽  
Haohui Chen ◽  
Xiaoguang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Product Space ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
The Core ◽  
Evolution Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Products ◽  
D Investment

This study focuses on investigating the changing export patterns, evolution characteristics, and influencing trade mechanisms of countries on a global scale. Based on comprehensive customs data, our study found that core location and export types, including machinery and chemical products, both play positive roles in promoting countries’ economic development. Developed countries are more likely to be at the core of the product space and to export machinery and chemical products. Countries’ R&D investment can affect the export location and types regardless of their economy, while high education matters in developed countries, and FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) is critical in developing countries. It indicates that technological benefits created by human capital can promote the export economy. Nevertheless, developing countries are not able to release strong knowledge spillover effects through their education systems, and they are relying more on the introduction of foreign investment to bring new technology.

scholarly journals Beaten ballots: political participation dynamics amidst police interventions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Toni Rodon ◽  
Marc Guinjoan
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Political Mobilization ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Positive Spillover ◽  
Police Crackdown ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Empirical Approaches

Abstract What is the effect of violence on political mobilization? Taking the repression-mobilization nexus debate as a starting point, we study the effects of police interventions on political participation, focusing on the Spanish police crackdown on Catalonia's independence referendum on 1 October 2017. We analyze the effect of police actions on turnout using detailed aggregate data, as well as a survey conducted a few days after the referendum. The two empirical approaches show that police interventions had both deterrent and inverse spatial spillover effects. Although police raids had a local negative impact on turnout, they induced positive spillover effects in the surrounding areas. Our findings also indicate heterogeneity in the spatial dynamics, with police actions encouraging people to go to vote in nearby areas, but also mobilizing residents in neighboring areas to participate, especially those individuals with fewer incentives to turn out to vote.

scholarly journals Is behaving unethically for organizations a mixed blessing? A dual-pathway model for the work-to-family spillover effects of unethical pro-organizational behavior

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haixiao Chen ◽  
Ho Kwong Kwan ◽  
Jie Xin
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Pathway Model ◽  
Positive Spillover ◽  
Dual Pathway ◽  
Stress At Work ◽  
Mixed Blessing

AbstractThis research examines the mixed work-to-family spillover effects of unethical pro-organizational behavior. Drawing on conservation of resources theory and the work–home resources model, we develop a dual-pathway model to explain such effects. Based on a three-wave field study involving 214 respondents in China, we find engagement in unethical pro-organizational behavior to be positively associated with employees’ organization-based self-esteem and stress at work, which in turn, leads to work-to-family positive spillover and work-to-family conflict, respectively. We also find that performing tensions moderate the mixed effects of unethical pro-organizational behavior on organization-based self-esteem and work stress and the indirect effects of unethical pro-organizational behavior on work-to-family positive spillover and work-to-family conflict. Our findings have theoretical implications for business ethics scholars and practical implications for managers.

scholarly journals The Internationalization of Firms: Some Lessons from ASEAN Firms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Hanapi Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Business ◽  
Multinational Firms ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Technological Capabilities ◽  
Know How ◽  
Asean Countries

In the last 50 years the debate on the development of international business remained unsettled, especially that concerning the establishment of multinational firms from developing countries. Using the Ownership Locational Internalization (OLI) Model this paper examined the formation of multinational firms from ASEAN countries. We found positive similarities in the advancement of the firm’s specific ownership advantages such as skills, management know-how, R&D and technological capabilities. Unlike the firms from developed countries, the firms from developing countries adopted local elements in their products and services.  

Networks of scientific journals: An exploration of Chinese patent data

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 283-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Gao ◽  
Jiancheng Guan
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Patent Data ◽  
Chinese Patent

scholarly journals Inter-Regional Spillover of Carbon Emissions and Employment in China: Is It Positive or Negative?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbin Shao ◽  
Fangyi Li ◽  
Zhaoyang Ye ◽  
Zhipeng Tang ◽  
Wu Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Decomposition Method ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Regional Trade ◽  
Positive Spillover

International and inter-regional trade in China has been promoted, the economic and environmental impacts of which are significant in regional development. In this paper, we analyzed the evolution of inter-regional spillover of carbon emissions and employment in China from 2007 to 2012 with structural decomposition method and multi-regional input-output tables. The index of carbon emission per employee (ICE) is designed and compared to indicate positive or negative spillover effects. We find that carbon emissions grow much more rapidly in interior regions than in coastal regions, due to spillover effects and own influences. Spillover effects rarely reduce the ICE of destination regions, but the own influences can decrease it in most regions. Although spillover may contribute to economic development in most regions, it is hardly a driver of efficiency improvement in destination regions. Based on these empirical findings, we put forward specific suggestions to improve the positive spillover effects on different kinds of regions.

A spatio-temporal analysis of non-farm enterprise performance in Uganda: 2010-2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-546
Author(s):  
Nkechi Srodah Owoo
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Enterprise Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Knowledge Transfers ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Purpose Recent research into enterprise performance has focussed on the importance of firm proximity to total productivity. Using spatial correlation of firm performance as a proxy for knowledge transfers and diffusion, the purpose of this paper is to examine the evidence for these spatial effects in non-farm enterprise performance in Uganda, across space and time. Design/methodology/approach The author uses data from the geo-referenced Uganda National Panel Survey from 2010 to 2012, and employs explicit spatial techniques in the analysis of rural non-farm enterprise performance. Spatial autocorrelation of firm performance are used as proxies for knowledge transfers and information flows among enterprises across space and over time. Findings The study finds evidence of spatial spillover effects across space and time in Uganda. This implies that, as existing studies of developed countries have found, social infrastructure and firm proximity contribute significantly to the performance of rural economies, through information exchange and knowledge transfers. Practical implications Given the communal nature of rural households in the African setting, knowledge exchange and transfers among neighbouring firms should be encouraged as studies have found they have strong effects on business performance. Additionally, business “leaders” could also be useful in disseminating useful new technologies and applications to neighbouring enterprises in order to boost performance and productivity. Social implications There should be better targeting of policy interventions to clusters of particularly needy enterprises. Originality/value To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first time that spatio-temporal effects of business performance have been explored. While spatial analyses of business performance have been carried out in developed countries, studies using explicit spatial techniques in the developing country setting have been conspicuously absent.

Spillovers in Local Banking Markets

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Garmaise ◽  
Gabriel Natividad
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Positive Spillover ◽  
Banking Markets ◽  
Local Firms ◽  
Peruvian Firms

Abstract How are neighboring firms affected when a bank learns more about a given firm? We analyze exchange-rate-induced movements of Peruvian firms across a threshold that governs their regulatory treatment by banks. Firms that cross the threshold supply more information to their banks and experience a substantial increase in financing. We find positive spillover effects: the neighbors of the above-threshold firms also experience increased financing. These spillovers are confined to neighbors sharing a bank, and the performance of new loans to these neighbors improves, suggesting that the bank has become better informed about other local firms. Received October 15, 2015; accepted May 16, 2016 by Editor Efraim Benmelech.

scholarly journals Internet Marketing Adoption by Iranian Distribution Industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-61
Author(s):  
Sepideh Zahiri ◽  
Hatem El-Gohary ◽  
Javed Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Internet Marketing ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
New Technology Adoption

This article describes how although the internet has become a significant platform for the advancement of marketing strategies and developments, there have been inadequate empirical research efforts concerning its adoption for conducting internet marketing in developing countries, specifically in the Middle East area, and more particularly in Iran. Previous studies investigated internet marketing adoption and acceptance extensively, by employing different theories of new technology adoption in developed countries, while there have been inadequate empirical research efforts concerning its adoption in developing countries. It is widely recognised that the adoption of internet marketing can offer substantial opportunities for Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs). In developing countries, internet marketing opportunities can be a meaningful approach for SMEs to be able to compete with large businesses and to access, with lowest possible costs, targeted customers.

Key Challenges of E-Government Adoption in Less Developed Countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Yahya Al Sharief
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Government Program ◽  
Government Project ◽  
The Government

The Government of Saudi Arabia has given a great attention to the e-Government program and the transformation process that leads to the successful implementation of such program in Saudi Arabia. Meanwhile, in recent years e-Government has been the favourable theme for numerous studies and reports. Yet, there is a lack of systematic empirical evidence regarding the key challenges for the e-Government implementation in less developed countries in general and in Saudi Arabia in particular. Consequently, this paper is an exploratory attempt that seeks to analyse the key challenges for implementing e-Government project in Saudi Arabia, as well as to establish the main obstacles to the deployment of such new technology and the associated causes and possible solutions to avoid potential drawbacks and overcome all problems. Using a sample of 50 experts, the author found that trust is the first factor inhibiting wider adoption of e-Government application in Saudi Arabia. The results of this study have major implications for policy makers, as they suggest the notion that the e-Government applications will not work without building a solid trust foundation with citizens.

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