SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POTASSIUM SODIUM NIOBATE PHASES

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 2169-2176
Author(s):  
N. BOUTAOUI ◽  
A. BENABBES ◽  
K. RAMDANE
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Potassium Niobate ◽  
Sodium Niobate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Stoichiometric Mixture ◽  
Potassium Sodium Niobate ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray

Potassium niobate KNbO 3 and some compounds of ( K 1-x Na x) NbO 3 (x = 0.3, 0.4, 0.6, 0.7) ceramics powders were successfully prepared by the solid-state reaction method using a non-stoichiometric mixture of starting materials. A possible formation of these phases was proposed based on the experimental results. All of the prepared compounds were characterized using the X-ray diffraction method, and grain size has been calculated using SEM images, and their stoichiometry was obtained from the EDAX results.

scholarly journals Influence of Homogenization and Micro/Nano Source of Starting Powders on Format Ion of the Single YAP Phase

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 1753-1760 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Michalik ◽  
T. Pawlik ◽  
J. Plewa ◽  
M. Sopicka-Lizer
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Oxide Powders ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Interesting Task

Abstract Manufacturing high purity polycrystalline YAlO3 (YAP) ceramics could replace monocrystalline YAP thus recently it is an interesting task for low cost producers of scintillators. The paper presents influence of different source of initial oxide powders (micro/nano powders of Y2O3 and Al2O3) and the method of their homogenization on the formation of a YAP phase. The solid state reaction method was used to prepare YAP powder or ceramic pellets. After preheating, all samples in the form of powders and pellets were heat-treated in the temperature range of 1050-1650 °C. DTA method was applied for examination of the phase crystallization in the tested system. X-ray diffraction method (XRD) was used for characterization of the phase composition. X-ray microanalysis (EDS) was used to control homogeneity in the small areas. Morphology of the resultant samples are presented on SEM pictures. The results show a significant influence of the starting powders on the homogeneity, purity and temperature of formation of the main phase.

Preparation and Characterization of Copper Dendrite Like Structure by Chemical Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 678 ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinna Kannaiyan Senthil Kumaran ◽  
Santhanam Agilan ◽  
Dhayalan Velauthapillai ◽  
Natarajan Muthukumarasamy ◽  
Mariyappan Thambidurai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Method ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Copper Particles ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Simple Chemical ◽  
High Yields

Abstract Copper particles are prepared at room temperature using a simple chemical method. The method used is capable of giving high yields. In this method sodium borohydride is used as a reducing agent and poly vinly pyrrolidone (PVP) as a capping reagent. The prepared copper particles are characterized by X-ray diffraction method and Energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX). The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show the formation of dendrite like structures. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) studies also conform the formation of dendrite structures.

scholarly journals Electrospun Membranes Based on Polycaprolactone, Nano-Hydroxyapatite and Metronidazole

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 931
Author(s):  
Ioana-Codruţa Mirică ◽  
Gabriel Furtos ◽  
Ondine Lucaciu ◽  
Petru Pascuta ◽  
Mihaela Vlassa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Guided Bone Regeneration ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrospun Membranes

The aim of this research was to develop new electrospun membranes (EMs) based on polycaprolactone (PCL) with or without metronidazole (MET)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) content. New nHAP with a mean diameter of 34 nm in length was synthesized. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) were used for structural characterization of precursors and EMs. The highest mechanical properties (the force at maximum load, Young’s modulus and tensile strength) were found for the PCL membranes, and these properties decreased for the other samples in the following order: 95% PCL + 5% nHAP > 80% PCL + 20% MET > 75% PCL + 5% nHAP + 20% MET. The stiffness increased with the addition of 5 wt.% nHAP. The SEM images of EMs showed randomly oriented bead-free fibers that generated a porous structure with interconnected macropores. The fiber diameter showed values between 2 and 16 µm. The fiber diameter increased with the addition of nHAP filler and decreased when MET was added. New EMs with nHAP and MET could be promising materials for guided bone regeneration or tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Investigations of M3Al8O15:Eu3+,Dy3+ (M = Ba, Ca, Mg) phosphors

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-417
Author(s):  
Esra Öztürk
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
The Eu

AbstractIn this work, aluminate type phosphorescence materials were synthesized via the solid state reaction method and the photoluminescence (PL) properties, including excitation and emission bands, were investigated considering the effect of trace amounts of activator (Eu3+) and co-activator (Dy3+). The estimated thermal behavior of the samples at certain temperatures (> 1000 °C) during heat treatment was characterized by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetry (TG). The possible phase formation was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphological characterization of the samples was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The PL analysis of three samples showed maximum emission bands at around 610 nm, and additionally near 589 nm, 648 nm and 695 nm. The bands were attributed to typical transitions of the Eu3+ ions.

scholarly journals Making and Characterization of Limnpo4 Using Solid State Reaction Method for Lithium Ion Battery Cathodes

2019 ◽  
pp. 583-588
Author(s):  
Adelyna Oktavia ◽  
Kurnia Sembiring ◽  
Slamet Priyono
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
General Investigation

Hospho-material of olivine, LiMnPO4 identified as promising for cathode material generation next Lithium-ion battery and has been successfully synthesized by solid-state method with Li2Co3, 2MnO2, 2NH4H2PO4 as raw material. The influence of initial concentration of precursors at kalsinasi temperatures (400-800 ° C) flows with nitrogen. The purity and composition phase verified by x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), spectroscopy, energy Dispersive x-ray Analysis (EDS), Raman spectra. General investigation shows that there is a correlation between the concentration of precursors, the temperature and the temperature of sintering kalsinasi that can be exploited to design lithium-ion next generation.

Synthesis and Characterization of Cadmium with Titanium Oxide (Cd-TiO2) Nanocomposite: Testing its Antibacterial Effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 2523-2529
Author(s):  
Daniel Sam N ◽  
Anish C I ◽  
Sabeena G ◽  
Rajaduraipandian S ◽  
Manobala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Inhibition Concentration ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Sol gel methods were used for the study of the antimicrobial activity of Cd-TiO2 against gram-negative and positive bacteria. These Cd-TiO2 have been characterized by various optical and techniques. They have been exhibited by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. The structures of the various XRD patterns indicate that the product has a structure. The particle size of Cd-TiO2 is 35nm. The SEM images confirm the spherical appearance of the sample. The energy X-ray spectra have been confirmed as well and then C, O, Ti, Cd, Pt element are present in Cd-TiO2. The weight percentage of Cadmium is 5.8%, Ti is 51.03%, C is 5.13% and O is 31.75% in Cd-TiO2. BET image shows that the major pore size distribution of Cd-TiO2 is ranged from 2.24 nm. The Cd-TiO2 that the antibacterial activity when tested against the pathogens only gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas. The zone of minimum inhibition concentration was measured in a range of 20mm in 25μl and 30mm in 100μl.

Characterization of Electrospun Poly(Lactic Acid)/polyaniline Blend Nanofibers

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 317-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Qin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Composite Nanofibers ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir

In this study, composite nanofibers of polyaniline doped with dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (PANI-DBSA) and Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were prepared via an electrospinning process. The surface morphology, thermal properties and crystal structure of PLA/PANI-DBSA nanofibers are characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), wide-angle x-ray diffraction (WAXD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM images showed that the morphology and diameter of the nanofibers were affected by the weight ratio of blend solution.

Fabrication of Bi6Fe2Ti3O18 Ceramics by Mixed Oxide Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 730-732 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Agata Lisińska-Czekaj
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Powder ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Elementary Cell ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Stoichiometric Mixture ◽  
Pressing Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Ceramic Samples

In the present study Bi6Fe2Ti3O18 (BFTO) ceramics has been fabricated by solid state reaction from the mixture of simple oxides viz. Bi2O3, TiO2 and Fe2O3. Stoichiometric mixture of the powders was thermally analyzed so parameters of the thermal treatment were determined. The EDS measurements have shown conservation of the chemical composition of the ceramic powder after calcination. Hot-pressing method was used for final densification of ceramic samples. The crystalline structure of the sintered samples was examined by X-ray diffraction method at room temperature. It was found that BFTO ceramics sintered at T=980 °C adopted the orthorhombic structure of Aba2 (41) space group with the following elementary cell parameters: a=5.4567(2)Å, b=49.418(2) and c=5.4826(2). Details concerning the atom’s positions are presented.

The Preparation and Characterization of Polybenzoxazole Copolymerized with Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube via Direct Friedel-Crafts Acylation

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 560-563
Author(s):  
Yong Chen ◽  
Jun Qian ◽  
Qi Xin Zhuang ◽  
Zhe Wen Han
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Polyphosphoric Acid ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Acylation Reaction ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electronic Microscope

Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) was subjected a copolymerization reaction with 4, 6-diaminoresorcinol salt (DAR•2HCl) and terephthalic acid (TA) in polyphosphoric acid (PPA) by Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction without any acid treatment or modification. The structure and morphology of the as-prepared poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) (PBO)/MWCNT nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electronic microscope (SEM). The SEM images indicated that MWCNTs can disperse in PBO matrix uniformly without agglomeration and MWCNTs have been introduced into PBO matrix by covalent bonding via Friedel-Crafts acylation between MWCNTs and TA.

Characterization and Application of Bayah Natural Zeolites for Ammonium Capture: Isotherm and Kinetic

2020 ◽  
Vol 988 ◽  
pp. 51-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teguh Kurniawan ◽  
Nuryoto ◽  
Rahmayetty
Keyword(s):  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Natural Zeolites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Major Cations ◽  
Isotherm Adsorption ◽  
Elovich Equation

The aim of this study is to characterize Bayah natural zeolites and tested for ammonium capture. Characterization of Bayah natural zeolites were performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and nitrogen physisorption. The natural zeolites were identified as mordenite and clinoptilolite. Non-zeolitic phase appeared on the XRD pattern was quartz. The morphology of clinoptilolite and mordenite were observed as platy and needle shape in the SEM images, respectively. Major cations were K+ and Ca2+ which were determined by energy dispersive X-ray. Nitrogen isotherm physisorption suggested that the natural zeolites was typical of type IV isotherm. Pore size distribution were determined using Barrett, Joyner, and Halenda model with mesopore size 3-5 nm. Ammonium exchange on Bayah natural zeolites were conducted in a batch experiment by varying the particle sizes, time and mass loading. Non-linear least squared method was applied to fit the experimental data with various kinetic and isotherm models. The kinetic data was well fitted with the Elovich equation with error 1.6 x 10-4. Isotherm adsorption of ammonium followed Langmuir-Vageler with error 4 x 10-2.

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