Study of simple land battles using agent-based modeling: Strategy and emergent phenomena

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1742002
Author(s):  
Alexandra Westley ◽  
Nicholas De Meglio ◽  
Rebecca Hager ◽  
Jorge Wu Mok ◽  
Linda Shanahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Strategies ◽  
Adaptive Strategy ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
The State ◽  
Agent Based Model ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Emergent Phenomena ◽  
Modeling Strategy

In this paper, we expand upon our recent studies of an agent-based model of a battle between an intelligent army and an insurgent army to explore the role of modifying strategy according to the state of the battle (adaptive strategy) on battle outcomes. This model leads to surprising complexity and rich possibilities in battle outcomes, especially in battles between two well-matched sides. We contend that the use of adaptive strategies may be effective in winning battles.

scholarly journals Toward a better understanding of team decision processes: combining laboratory experiments with agent-based modeling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Lorscheid ◽  
Matthias Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Team Cognition ◽  
Agent Based Model ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Team Decision

AbstractDespite advances in the field, we still know little about the socio-cognitive processes of team decisions, particularly their emergence from an individual level and transition to a team level. This study investigates team decision processes by using an agent-based model to conceptualize team decisions as an emergent property. It uses a mixed-method research design with a laboratory experiment providing qualitative and quantitative input for the model’s construction, as well as data for an output validation of the model. First, the laboratory experiment generates data about individual and team cognition structures. Then, the agent-based model is used as a computational testbed to contrast several processes of team decision making, representing potential, simplified mechanisms of how a team decision emerges. The increasing overall fit of the simulation and empirical results indicates that the modeled decision processes can at least partly explain the observed team decisions. Overall, we contribute to the current literature by presenting an innovative mixed-method approach that opens and exposes the black box of team decision processes beyond well-known static attributes.

scholarly journals Exploring the effectiveness of a COVID-19 contact tracing app using an agent-based model

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonatan Almagor ◽  
Stefano Picascia
Keyword(s):  
High Rate ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Agent Based Model ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
Behavioural Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
User Rate

AbstractA contact-tracing strategy has been deemed necessary to contain the spread of COVID-19 following the relaxation of lockdown measures. Using an agent-based model, we explore one of the technology-based strategies proposed, a contact-tracing smartphone app. The model simulates the spread of COVID-19 in a population of agents on an urban scale. Agents are heterogeneous in their characteristics and are linked in a multi-layered network representing the social structure—including households, friendships, employment and schools. We explore the interplay of various adoption rates of the contact-tracing app, different levels of testing capacity, and behavioural factors to assess the impact on the epidemic. Results suggest that a contact tracing app can contribute substantially to reducing infection rates in the population when accompanied by a sufficient testing capacity or when the testing policy prioritises symptomatic cases. As user rate increases, prevalence of infection decreases. With that, when symptomatic cases are not prioritised for testing, a high rate of app users can generate an extensive increase in the demand for testing, which, if not met with adequate supply, may render the app counterproductive. This points to the crucial role of an efficient testing policy and the necessity to upscale testing capacity.

scholarly journals An Agent-Based Model of Combination Oncolytic Viral Therapy and Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy Reveals the Importance of Spatial Location When Treating Glioblastoma

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5314
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Storey ◽  
Trachette L. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Adaptive Strategy ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Agent Based Model ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Oncolytic Viral Therapy ◽  
Landscape Characteristics ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Viral Therapy

Oncolytic viral therapies and immunotherapies are of growing clinical interest due to their selectivity for tumor cells over healthy cells and their immunostimulatory properties. These treatment modalities provide promising alternatives to the standard of care, particularly for cancers with poor prognoses, such as the lethal brain tumor glioblastoma (GBM). However, uncertainty remains regarding optimal dosing strategies, including how the spatial location of viral doses impacts therapeutic efficacy and tumor landscape characteristics that are most conducive to producing an effective immune response. We develop a three-dimensional agent-based model (ABM) of GBM undergoing treatment with a combination of an oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus and an anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. We use a mechanistic approach to model the interactions between distinct populations of immune cells, incorporating both innate and adaptive immune responses to oncolytic viral therapy and including a mechanism of adaptive immune suppression via the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint pathway. We utilize the spatially explicit nature of the ABM to determine optimal viral dosing in both the temporal and spatial contexts. After proposing an adaptive viral dosing strategy that chooses to dose sites at the location of highest tumor cell density, we find that, in most cases, this adaptive strategy produces a more effective treatment outcome than repeatedly dosing in the center of the tumor.

Endogenous Uncertainty and the Dynamics of Constraints

2019 ◽  
pp. 246-260
Author(s):  
Paul Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Utility Maximization ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Fitness Landscape ◽  
Agent Based Model ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Endogenous Uncertainty ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Special Case

An agent- based model of social dynamics is introduced using a deformable fitness landscape, and it is shown that in certain clearly specifiable situations, strategies that are different from utility maximization outperform utility maximizers. Simulation results are presented and intuitive interpretations of the results provided. The situations considered occur when individuals' actions affect the outcomes for other agents and endogenous effects are dominant. The Tragedy of the Commons is merely a special case of this. Arguments are given that constraints are to be encouraged in some circumstances. The appropriate role of constraints in various types of society is assessed and their use justified in identifiable types of situations.

An Agent-Based Model of Insurance and Protection Decisions on IT Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Juan Luis Santos
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Information Systems Security ◽  
Agent Based Model ◽  
Security Vulnerabilities ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Systems Security ◽  
It Systems ◽  
Game Theoretical Approach

This paper discusses the key role of incentives in information systems security. Vulnerabilities can be reduced, and even removed, if individual motivations are taken into account in the process of protection and insurance design. The article first discusses the importance of externalities, free-riding behavior, uncertainty and the incentives mismatch between individuals and organizations involved in information systems security. Previous works perform this study using a game theoretical approach but the paper shows that an agent-based model is capable of including the heterogeneity and interrelations among individuals, not focusing on the reached equilibrium but on the dynamics prior to its emergence.

Analyzing the Influences of Passive Investment Strategies on Financial Markets via Agent-Based Modeling

2008 ◽  
pp. 224-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Takahashi ◽  
Satoru Takahashi ◽  
Takao Terano
Keyword(s):  
Asset Pricing ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Investment Strategy ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Agent Based Model ◽  
Efficient Market ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Price Fluctuations

This chapter develops an agent-based model to analyze microscopic and macroscopic links between investor behaviors and price fluctuations in a financial market. This analysis focuses on the effects of Passive Investment Strategy in a financial market. From the extensive analyses, we have found that (1) Passive Investment Strategy is valid in a realistic efficient market, however, it could have bad influences such as instability of market and inadequate asset pricing deviations, and (2) under certain assumptions, Passive Investment Strategy and Active Investment Strategy could coexist in a Financial Market.

scholarly journals Investigating the Exits’ Symmetry Impact on the Evacuation Process of Classrooms and Lecture Halls: An Agent-Based Modeling Approach

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camelia Delcea ◽  
Liviu-Adrian Cotfas ◽  
Ioana-Alexandra Bradea ◽  
Marcel-Ioan Boloș ◽  
Gabriella Ferruzzi
Keyword(s):  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Agent Based Model ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
High Importance ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Size Number ◽  
The Doors

As the evacuation problem has attracted and continues to attract a series of researchers due to its high importance both for saving human lives and for reducing the material losses in such situations, the present paper analyses whether the evacuation doors configuration in the case of classrooms and lecture halls matters in reducing the evacuation time. For this aim, eighteen possible doors configurations have been considered along with five possible placements of desks and chairs. The doors configurations have been divided into symmetrical and asymmetrical clusters based on the two doors positions within the room. An agent-based model has been created in NetLogo which allows a fast configuration of the classrooms and lecture halls in terms of size, number of desks and chairs, desks and chair configuration, exits’ size, the presence of fallen objects, type of evacuees and their speed. The model has been used for performing and analyzing various scenarios. Based on these results, it has been observed that, in most cases, the symmetrical doors configurations provide good/optimal results, while only some of the asymmetrical doors configurations provide comparable/better results. The model is configurable and can be used in various scenarios.

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