Optimizing the Electrical Power in an Energy Harvesting System

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1550171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Coccolo ◽  
Grzegorz Litak ◽  
Jesús M. Seoane ◽  
Miguel A. F. Sanjuán
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Resonance Phenomenon ◽  
Vibrational Resonance ◽  
Energy Harvesting System

In this paper, we study the vibrational resonance (VR) phenomenon as a useful mechanism for energy harvesting purposes. A system, driven by a low frequency and a high frequency forcing, can give birth to the vibrational resonance phenomenon, when the two forcing amplitudes resonate and a maximum in amplitude is reached. We apply this idea to a bistable oscillator that can convert environmental kinetic energy into electrical energy, that is, an energy harvester. Normally, the VR phenomenon is studied in terms of the forcing amplitudes or of the frequencies, that are not always easy to adjust and change. Here, we study the VR generated by tuning another parameter that is possible to manipulate when the forcing values depend on the environmental conditions. We have investigated the dependence of the maximum response due to the VR for small and large variations in the forcing amplitudes and frequencies. Besides, we have plotted color coded figures in the space of the two forcing amplitudes, in which it is possible to appreciate different patterns in the electrical power generated by the system. These patterns provide useful information on the forcing amplitudes in order to produce the optimal electrical power.

An Experimental Study of Low-Frequency Vibration-Based Electromagnetic Energy Harvesters Used while Walking

2014 ◽  
Vol 918 ◽  
pp. 106-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Chie Chiu ◽  
Ying Chun Chang ◽  
Long Jyi Yeh ◽  
Chiu Hung Chung ◽  
Chen Hsin Chu
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Electromagnetic System ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Low Frequency Vibration

The goal of this paper is to develop and experimentally test portable vibration-based electromagnetic energy harvesters which are fit for extracting low frequency kinetic energy. Based on a previous study on fixed vibration-based electromagnetic energy harvesters, three kinds of portable energy harvesters (prototype I, prototype II, and prototype III) are developed and tested. To obtain the related parameters of the energy harvesters, an experimental platform used to measure the vibrational systems electrical power at the resonant frequency and other fixed frequencies is also established. Based on the research work of vibration theory, a low frequency vibration-arm mechanism (prototype III) which is easily in resonance with a walking tempo is developed. Here, a strong magnet fixed to one side of the vibration-arm along with a set of wires placed along the vibrating path will generate electricity. The circular device has a radius of 180 mm, a width of 50 mm, and weighs 200 grams. Because of its light mass, it is easy to carry and put into a backpack. Experimental results reveal that the energy harvester (prototype III) can easily transform kinetic energy into electrical power via the vibration-based electromagnetic system when walking at a normal speed. Consequently, electrical energy reaching 0.25 W is generated from the energy harvester (prototype III) by extracting kinetic energy produced by walking.

scholarly journals Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting with an Ultrasonic Vibration Source

Actuators ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Tao Li ◽  
Pooi Lee
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
High Power ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Impedance Matching ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Vibration Source ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Power Ultrasonic ◽  
Ultrasonic Cutting

A piezoelectric energy harvester was developed in this paper. It is actuated by the vibration leakage from the nodal position of a high-power ultrasonic cutting transducer. The harvester was excited at a low displacement amplitude (0.73 µmpp). However, its operation frequency is quite high and reaches the ultrasonic range (24.4 kHz). Compared with another low frequency harvester (66 Hz), both theoretical and experimental results proved that the advantages of this high frequency harvester include (i) high current generation capability (up to 20 mApp compared to 1.3 mApp of the 66 Hz transducer) and (ii) low impedance matching resistance (500 Ω in contrast to 50 kΩ of the 66 Hz transducer). This energy harvester can be applied either in sensing, or vibration controlling, or simply energy harvesting in a high-power ultrasonic system.

Development of a tunable low-frequency vibration energy harvester and its application to a self-contained wireless fatigue crack detection sensor

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 920-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suyoung Yang ◽  
Sung-Youb Jung ◽  
Kiyoung Kim ◽  
Peipei Liu ◽  
Sangmin Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Crack Detection ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Low Frequency Vibration ◽  
Resonance Frequencies ◽  
Energy Harvesting System ◽  
Fatigue Crack Detection

In this study, a tunable electromagnetic energy harvesting system, consisting of an energy harvester and energy harvesting circuits, is developed for harnessing energy from low-frequency vibration (below 10 Hz) of a bridge, and the harvesting system is integrated with a wireless fatigue crack detection sensor. The uniqueness of the proposed energy harvesting system includes that (1) the resonance frequencies of the proposed energy harvester can be readily tuned to the resonance frequencies of a host structure, (2) an improved energy harvesting efficiency compared to other electromagnetic energy harvesters is achieved in low-frequency and vibration, and (3) high-efficiency energy harvesting circuits for rectification are developed. Furthermore, the developed energy harvesting system is integrated with an on-site wireless sensor deployed on Yeongjong Grand Bridge in South Korea for online fatigue crack detection. To the best knowledge of the authors, this is the very first study where a series of low-frequency vibration energy harvesting, rectification, and battery charging processes are demonstrated under a real field condition. The field test conducted on Yeongjong Grand Bridge, where fatigue cracks have become of a great concern, shows that the proposed energy harvester can generate a peak voltage of 2.27 V and a root mean square voltage of 0.21 V from 0.18-m/s2 root mean square acceleration at 3.05 Hz. It is estimated the proposed energy harvesting system can harness around 67.90 J for 3 weeks and an average power of 37.42 µW. The battery life of the wireless sensor is expected to extend from 1.5 to 2.2 years. The proposed energy harvesting circuits, composed of the AC–DC and boost-up converters, exhibit up to 50% battery charging efficiency when the voltage generated by the proposed energy harvester is 200 mV or higher. The proposed boost-up converter has a 100 times wider input power range than a conventional boost-up converter with a similar efficiency.

scholarly journals Acoustic metastructure for effective low-frequency acoustic energy harvesting

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1015-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Yuan ◽  
Ziping Cao ◽  
Jun Luo ◽  
Roger Ohayon
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Acoustic Energy ◽  
Resonant Phenomenon ◽  
Acoustic Energy Harvesting ◽  
Isolation Performance ◽  
Rubber Film

In this study, a multifunctional acoustic metastructure is proposed to achieve both effective low-frequency sound isolation and acoustic energy harvesting. A metallic substrate with proof mass is adopted to generate the local resonant phenomenon for the purpose of overcoming the drawbacks of the previous rubber film-based acoustic metastructure; the latter usually requires an elaborate tension process. Numerical simulations show that the proposed structure exhibits excellent noise isolation performance in the low-frequency band. Meanwhile, the incident sound energy can be converted into electrical energy with the help of an added piezoelectric patch. Numerical simulation results indicate that the harvested energy can reach the mW level. The parameters’ influence on the metastructure’s vibro-acoustic and energy harvesting performance are discussed in detail. An optimized configuration is selected and used for experimental study. It is demonstrated that 0.21 mW electrical power at 155 Hz can be harvested by the proposed metastructure under 114 dB sound pressure excitation.

scholarly journals A Low-Frequency MEMS Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting System Based on Frequency Up-Conversion Mechanism

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjuan Huang ◽  
Cheng Hou ◽  
Yunfei Li ◽  
Huicong Liu ◽  
Fengxia Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Mems Fabrication ◽  
Piezoelectric Cantilever ◽  
Energy Harvesting System ◽  
Micro Electromechanical System ◽  
The Impact

This paper proposes an impact-based micro piezoelectric energy harvesting system (PEHS) working with the frequency up-conversion mechanism. The PEHS consists of a high-frequency straight piezoelectric cantilever (SPC), a low-frequency S-shaped stainless-steel cantilever (SSC), and supporting frames. During the vibration, the frequency up-conversion behavior is realized through the impact between the bottom low-frequency cantilever and the top high-frequency cantilever. The SPC used in the system is fabricated using a new micro electromechanical system (MEMS) fabrication process for a piezoelectric thick film on silicon substrate. The output performances of the single SPC and the PEHS under different excitation accelerations are tested. In the experiment, the normalized power density of the PEHS is 0.216 μW·g−1·Hz−1·cm−3 at 0.3 g acceleration, which is 34 times higher than that of the SPC at the same acceleration level of 0.3 g. The PEHS can improve the output power under the low frequency and low acceleration scenario.

Design of a Thermally Activated Energy Harvesting System

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Toom ◽  
D. Dane Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Design Optimization ◽  
Mechanical System ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Thermal Excitation ◽  
Mechanical Vibrations ◽  
Thermally Activated ◽  
Energy Harvesting System

The design optimization of a thermally activated energy harvesting system is considered here. Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) components are used to transform the thermal excitation to mechanical vibrations, which harvested through electromechanical coupling into storable electrical energy. The frequency of the mechanical vibrations is subject to up-conversion through the use of bi-stable mechanical system, modeled as a buckled beam. As the SMA undergoes low-frequency thermal oscillations, the bi-stable mechanical system undergoes a snap-through response, so that the energy harvesting attachment exhibits a vibration frequency much higher than the underlying thermal vibrations, leading to an increase in the time-averaged power that can be harvested from the system. Through design optimization studies the system characteristics are chosen to maximize the average harvested power from this system.

Linear and Non Linear Energy Harvesting From Bridge Vibrations

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Orfei ◽  
Helios Vocca ◽  
Luca Gammaitoni
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Highway Bridge ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Bridge Vibrations

In this paper we analyze the performances of three different energy harvester configurations aimed at transforming vibration energy from a vehicle transited bridge. First of all we sampled the vibrations of a highway bridge in three different positions: at the entrance, in the middle and at the exit. Then, from the sampled time series, we reproduced the vibrations in the lab and tested the different harvesting configurations: low frequency linear piezoelectric energy harvester; high frequency linear piezoelectric energy harvester; non-linear bi-stable broadband piezoelectric energy harvester. The results are presented in terms of the RMS power converted. All the harvesters were built with the same piezoelectric material: composition and size were always the same.

A Micro Kinetic Energy Harvester Demonstrating Energy Harvesting From 3-D Mechanical Motion and Power Increasing Through Magnetic-Based Frequency Rectification

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tien-Kan Chung ◽  
Chieh-Min Wang ◽  
Chia-Yuan Tseng ◽  
Tzu-Wei Liu ◽  
Po-Chen Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Vibration Frequency ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Mechanical Motion ◽  
Voltage Output ◽  
Contact Frequency ◽  
Frequency Rectification

In this paper, we report a micro 3-D kinetic energy harvester demonstrating an energy conversion from environmental mechanical-energy (3-D mechanical motion) to electrical energy (voltage output). In addition to energy harvesting/conversion from 3-D motion, we demonstrate a non-contact frequency-up rectification approach which converts an incoming lower vibration frequency to a higher frequency in order to increase the power output of the harvester.

scholarly journals Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for IoT Sensor Devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Noor Pratama Apriyanto ◽  
Eka Firmansyah ◽  
Lesnanto Multa Putranto
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Energy Characteristics ◽  
Module Design ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Battery Power ◽  
Piezoelectric Elements ◽  
Energy Harvesting System

Limited battery power is a major challenge for wireless sensor network (WSN) in internet of things (IoT) applications, especially in hard-to-reach places that require periodic battery replacement. The energy harvesting application is intended as an alternative to maintain network lifetime by utilizing environmental energy. The proposed method utilized piezoelectricity to convert vibration or pressure energy into electrical energy through a modular piezoelectric energy harvesting design used to supply energy to sensor nodes in WSN. The module design consisted of several piezoelectric elements, of which each had a different character in generating energy. A bridge diode was connected to each element to reduce the feedback effect of other elements when pressure was exerted. The energy produced by the piezoelectric is an impulse so that the capacitor was used to quickly store the energy. The proposed module produced 7.436 μJ for each step and 297.4 μJ of total energy with pressure of a 45 kg load 40 times with specific experiments installed under each step. The energy could supply WSN nodes in IoT application with a simple energy harvesting system. This paper presents a procedure for measuring the energy harvested from a commonly available piezoelectric buzzer. The specific configurations of the piezoelectric and the experiment setups will be explained. Therefore, the output energy characteristics will be understood. In the end, the potentially harvested energy can be estimated. Therefore, the configuration of IoT WSN could be planned.

scholarly journals Magnetic capsulate triboelectric nanogenerators

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengcheng Jiao ◽  
Ali Matin Nazar ◽  
King-James Idala Egbe ◽  
Kaveh Barri ◽  
Amir H. Alavi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Voltage Range ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerators

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators have received significant research attention in recent years. Structural design plays a critical role in improving the energy harvesting performance of triboelectric nanogenerators. Here, we develop the magnetic capsulate triboelectric nanogenerators (MC-TENG) for energy harvesting under undesirable mechanical excitations. The capsulate TENG are designed to be driven by an oscillation-triggered magnetic force in a holding frame to generate electrical power due to the principle of the freestanding triboelectrification. Experimental and numerical studies are conducted to investigate the electrical performance of MC-TENG under cyclic loading in three energy harvesting modes. The results indicate that the energy harvesting performance of the MC-TENG is significantly affected by the structure of the capsulate TENG. The copper MC-TENG systems are found to be the most effective design that generates the maximum mode of the voltage range is 4 V in the closed-circuit with the resistance of 10 GΩ. The proposed MC-TENG concept provides an effective method to harvest electrical energy from low-frequency and low-amplitude oscillations such as ocean wave.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document