CASE STUDIES IN PROCESS IMPROVEMENT THROUGH RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF RELEASE PLANNING DECISIONS

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (06) ◽  
pp. 885-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
LENA KARLSSON ◽  
BJÖRN REGNELL ◽  
THOMAS THELIN
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Process Improvement ◽  
Customer Value ◽  
Release Planning ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Software Product ◽  
Planning Decision

The process of selecting requirements for a release of a software product is challenging as the decision-making is based on uncertain predictions of customer value and development cost. This paper presents a method aimed at supporting software product development organisations in the identification of process improvement proposals to increase requirements selection quality. The method is based on an in-depth analysis of requirements selection decision outcomes after the release has been launched to the users. The method is validated in two separate case studies involving real requirements and industrial requirements engineering experts. The conclusions from the two case studies are that the method seems valuable in situations with complex release planning decisions, such as in market-driven projects. It also appears essential that participants with different viewpoints attend the root cause discussion. Requirements interdependencies seem to play a big role in release planning decision-making. In addition, successful projects can also be a source of learning.

scholarly journals Engaging the Senses: The Potential of Emotional Data for Participation in Urban Planning

Urban Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afif Fathullah ◽  
Katharine Willis
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
Information Layer ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Planning Decision

This paper presents an exploratory study on the potential for sharing urban data; one where citizens create their own data and use it to understand and influence urban planning decisions. The aim of the study is to explore new models of participation through the sharing of emotional data and focuses on the relationship between the physical space and emotions through identifying the links between stress levels and specific features of the urban environment. It addresses the problem in urban planning that, while people’s emotional connection with the physical urban setting is often valued, it is rarely recognised or used as a source of data to understand future decision making. The method involved participants using a (GSR) device linked to location data to measure participant’s emotional responses along a walking route in a city centre environment. Results show correlations between characteristics of the urban environment and stress levels, as well as how specific features of the city spaces create stress ‘peaks’. In the discussion we review how the data obtained could contribute to citizens creating their own information layer—an emotional layer—that could inform a shared approach to participation in urban planning decision-making. The future implications of the application of this method as an approach to public participation in urban planning are also considered.

On the Design of a Knowledge Management System for Incremental Process Improvement for Software Product Management

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Vlaanderen ◽  
Sjaak Brinkkemper ◽  
Inge van de Weerd
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Process Improvement ◽  
Management System ◽  
Software Process Improvement ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Knowledge Management System ◽  
Product Management ◽  
Software Product ◽  
Incremental Process

Incremental software process improvement deals with the challenges of step-wise process improvement in a time where resources are scarce and many organizations are struggling with the challenges of effective management of software products. Effective knowledge sharing and incremental approaches are essential for improving the success rate of process improvement efforts. Recently, the authors’ have worked on the development of a knowledge management system, the Online Method Engine, that enables incremental, situational process improvement in the field of software product management. This has resulted in an initial system design. The authors describe the findings from seven exploratory case studies on incremental process improvement. The lessons learned during these case studies are used to refine the design of the Online Method Engine.

GENDER RELATIONS: HUSBAND–WIFE FERTILITY AND FAMILY PLANNING DECISIONS IN KENYA

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
SITAWA R. KIMUNA ◽  
DONALD J. ADAMCHAK
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Doubling Time ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Demographic Health Survey ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Planning Decision ◽  
Health Survey Data

Although Kenya’s fertility rate has declined from 6·7 births per woman in the mid-1980s to 5·4 births per woman in 1993 (NCPD, 1994), population growth is still high, yielding a doubling time of 35 years. This study uses the 1993 Kenya Demographic Health Survey data collected from 1257 couples to examine the socioeconomic and sociodemographic characteristics of married men and women and their communication with their spouses over fertility and family planning decision-making practices. The logistic regression analysis shows that education for both men and women, discussion of fertility and family planning between spouses, male approval of use of contraception and male family size desires are important factors that influence ever-use of family planning.

scholarly journals Family Planning Decision-Making at Grass Roots Level: Case Studies in West Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rina Herartri
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Family Planning Programme ◽  
The Family ◽  
Planning Decision ◽  
The Village

<p>This thesis examines the process of family planning decision-making with a view to understanding women's empowerment within the context of the Indonesian population policies and family planning programme. The objective of the family planning programme, established in 1970, is to create 'small, happy and prosperous families' through community participation. This goal has been strengthened by the passage of Law No. 10 of 1992 concerning "Population Development and the Development of Prosperous Families". From 2000, in line with the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development Programme of Action, women's empowerment has become one of the major concerns of the family planning programme as stipulated in its new vision and mission statements. Data for this thesis are provided by fieldwork conducted in two villages in West Java province, Indonesia, from December 2002 until May 2003. A qualitative research design, with a phenomenological approach, has shaped the conduct of this study. The case studies in the two villages revealed that the philosophy of 'small and prosperous family' has permeated down to the village. This idea has influenced the village couples' decisions regarding family size. Smaller families with better-educated children are believed to lead to increased family prosperity. Generally, decisions to do with family planning and childbearing are made by women because men regard them as women's business. The contraceptive preferences show that women bear the major responsibility in the use of family planning methods. Thus women in these villages were empowered, but only partially. The women's role in terms of decision-making still exists within the framework of the interests of their husbands. Nevertheless, women's empowerment in family planning, through access to information and contraceptive services, has emerged from the case studies as a key factor that has enabled village women to make informed choices to control their family size. Women's control of fertility has been a major contributor to the success in reducing fertility and increasing family prosperity.</p>

scholarly journals Multicriteria Decision Making to Continuous Software Improvement Based on Quality Management, Assurance, and Metrics

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Lei Sun ◽  
Shah Nazir ◽  
Anwar Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Process Improvement ◽  
Software Process ◽  
Multicriteria Decision Making ◽  
Software Process Improvement ◽  
Software Product ◽  
Improvement Methodologies ◽  
Performance Development ◽  
Early Decision

Software process improvement methodologies support to incessantly regulate and advance the process of software for its performance development. This development arises in terms of software product quality, time, changes reduction, and so on. The aim of software process improvement is to make software process effective and to increase quality of software product through continuous evaluation. Various approaches and frameworks are in practice for software process improvement. Early decision making concerning continuous software improvement can ultimately lead to successful software developments and growing software industry and business of software. Keeping in view the early decision making regarding continuous software improvement, the proposed study has considered a decision support system (DSS) for making decision based on multicriteria against quality management, assurance, and metrics. The necessary factors and alternatives for continuous software improvement were considered. The process of the proposed study was experimentally conducted, and results were good enough for supporting the study. The study will help practitioners in early decision making regarding software improvement based on quality management.

scholarly journals Understanding family planning decision-making: perspectives of providers and community stakeholders from Istanbul, Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Duygu Karadon ◽  
Yilmaz Esmer ◽  
Bahar Ayca Okcuoglu ◽  
Sebahat Kurutas ◽  
Simay Sevval Baykal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Analytical Strategy ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
Community Stakeholders ◽  
Planning Decision

Abstract Background A number of factors may determine family planning decisions; however, some may be dependent on the social and cultural context. To understand these factors, we conducted a qualitative study with family planning providers and community stakeholders in a diverse, low-income neighborhood of Istanbul, Turkey. Methods We used purposeful sampling to recruit 16 respondents (eight family planning service providers and eight community stakeholders) based on their potential role and influence on matters related to sexual and reproductive health issues. Interviews were audio-recorded with participants' permission and subsequently transcribed in Turkish and translated into English for analysis. We applied a multi-stage analytical strategy, following the principles of the constant comparative method to develop a codebook and identify key themes. Results Results indicate that family planning decision-making—that is, decision on whether or not to avoid a pregnancy—is largely considered a women’s issue although men do not actively object to family planning or play a passive role in actual use of methods. Many respondents indicated that women generally prefer to use family planning methods that do not have side-effects and are convenient to use. Although women trust healthcare providers and the information that they receive from them, they prefer to obtain contraceptive advice from friends and family members. Additionally, attitude of men toward childbearing, fertility desires, characteristics of providers, and religious beliefs of the couple exert considerable influence on family planning decisions. Conclusions Numerous factors influence family planning decision-making in Turkey. Women have a strong preference for traditional methods compared to modern contraceptives. Additionally, religious factors play a leading role in the choice of the particular method, such as withdrawal. Besides, there is a lack of men’s involvement in family planning decision-making. Public health interventions should focus on incorporating men into their efforts and understanding how providers can better provide information to women about contraception.

scholarly journals Family Planning Decision-Making at Grass Roots Level: Case Studies in West Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rina Herartri
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Family Planning Programme ◽  
The Family ◽  
Planning Decision ◽  
The Village

<p>This thesis examines the process of family planning decision-making with a view to understanding women's empowerment within the context of the Indonesian population policies and family planning programme. The objective of the family planning programme, established in 1970, is to create 'small, happy and prosperous families' through community participation. This goal has been strengthened by the passage of Law No. 10 of 1992 concerning "Population Development and the Development of Prosperous Families". From 2000, in line with the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development Programme of Action, women's empowerment has become one of the major concerns of the family planning programme as stipulated in its new vision and mission statements. Data for this thesis are provided by fieldwork conducted in two villages in West Java province, Indonesia, from December 2002 until May 2003. A qualitative research design, with a phenomenological approach, has shaped the conduct of this study. The case studies in the two villages revealed that the philosophy of 'small and prosperous family' has permeated down to the village. This idea has influenced the village couples' decisions regarding family size. Smaller families with better-educated children are believed to lead to increased family prosperity. Generally, decisions to do with family planning and childbearing are made by women because men regard them as women's business. The contraceptive preferences show that women bear the major responsibility in the use of family planning methods. Thus women in these villages were empowered, but only partially. The women's role in terms of decision-making still exists within the framework of the interests of their husbands. Nevertheless, women's empowerment in family planning, through access to information and contraceptive services, has emerged from the case studies as a key factor that has enabled village women to make informed choices to control their family size. Women's control of fertility has been a major contributor to the success in reducing fertility and increasing family prosperity.</p>

Interpreting Laser-Based Fault Localization Results: Case Studies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukho Lee ◽  
John van den Biggelaar ◽  
Marc van Veenhuizen
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Circuit Design ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Failure Behavior ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Resistance Change ◽  
Voltage Imaging ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
First Case ◽  
Proper Interpretation

Abstract Laser-based dynamic analysis has become a very important tool for analyzing advanced process technology and complex circuit design. Thus, many good reference papers discuss high resolution, high sensitivity, and useful applications. However, proper interpretation of the measurement is important as well to understand the failure behavior and find the root cause. This paper demonstrates this importance by describing two insightful case studies with unique observations from laser voltage imaging/laser voltage probing (LVP), optical beam induced resistance change, and soft defect localization (SDL) analysis, which required an in-depth interpretation of the failure analysis (FA) results. The first case is a sawtooth LVP signal induced by a metal short. The second case, a mismatched result between an LVP and SDL analysis, is a good case of unusual LVP data induced by a very sensitive response to laser light. The two cases provide a good reference on how to properly explain FA results.

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