BARYON MAGNETIC MOMENTS AND SPIN DEPENDENT QUARK FORCES

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
GEORGE L. STROBEL
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Magnetic Moment ◽  
Magnetic Moments ◽  
Mass Difference ◽  
Wave Functions ◽  
Small Current ◽  
Axial Charge ◽  
Strange Quarks ◽  
Quark Masses ◽  
Quark Wave Function

The J=3/2 Δ, J=1/2 nucleon mass difference shows that quark energies can be spin dependent. It is natural to expect that quark wave functions also depend on spin. In the octet, such spin dependent forces lead to different wave functions for quarks with spin parallel or antiparallel to the nucleon spin. A two component Dirac equation wave function is used for the quarks assuming small current quark masses for the u and d quarks. Then, the neutron/proton magnetic moment ratio, the nucleon axial charge, and the spin content of the nucleon can all be simultaneously fit assuming isospin invariance between the u and d quarks, but allowing for spin dependent forces. The breakdown of the Coleman–Glashow sum rule for octet magnetic moments follows naturally in this Dirac approach as the bound quark energy also effects the magnetic moment. Empirically the bound quark energy increases with the number of strange quarks in the system. Allowing the strange quark wave function similar spin dependence predicts the magnetic moments of the octet, in close agreement with experiment. Differences between the octet and decuplet magnetic moments are also explained immediately with spin dependent wave functions.

Determination of hyperon properties through the variational method considering the hyperfine interaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1950087 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Moosavi Nejad ◽  
A. Armat
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Wave Function ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Radiative Decay ◽  
Magnetic Moments ◽  
Wave Functions ◽  
Decay Widths ◽  
Free Parameters ◽  
Theoretical Results

Performing a fit procedure on the hyperon masses, we first determine the free parameters in the Cornell-like hypercentral potential between the constituent quarks of hyperons in their ground state. To this end, using the variational principle, we apply the hyperspherical Hamiltonian including the Cornell-like hypercentral potential and the perturbation potentials due to the spin–spin, spin–isospin and isospin–isospin interactions between constituent quarks. In the following, we compute the hyperon magnetic moments as well as radiative decay widths of spin-3/2 hyperons using the spin-flavor wave function of hyperons. Our analysis shows acceptable consistencies between theoretical results and available experimental data. This leads to reliable wave functions for hyperons at their ground state.

Analytical solution for magnetic moments of Λ-hypernuclei in a relativistic approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (05) ◽  
pp. 1950033 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mohammad Moosavi Nejad ◽  
A. Armat
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Analytical Solution ◽  
Excited States ◽  
Magnetic Moment ◽  
Magnetic Moments ◽  
Spin Orbital ◽  
Direct Information ◽  
Central Potential ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Relativistic Approach

The magnetic moments of [Formula: see text]-hypernuclei are the most interesting observables which provide a highly sensitive probe of lambda in the hypernuclei structure and also supply direct information on hyperon–nucleon interactions. In this work, in a relativistic approach we analytically determine the magnetic moment of several [Formula: see text]-hypernuclei such as [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in their ground and excited states, i.e., the [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] states. For our analysis, we consider the central potential of Wood–Saxon and the spin-orbital potential and determine the wave function of hypernuclei. Then, we compute the Dirac, the anomalous and the total magnetic moments of the ground and excited states of [Formula: see text]-hypernuclei.

COULOMB WAVE FUNCTIONS OF NUCLEON AND ROPER ON THE LATTICE

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (07n10) ◽  
pp. 583-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
YING CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Lattice Qcd ◽  
Coulomb Gauge ◽  
Wave Functions ◽  
Roper Resonance ◽  
Typical Size ◽  
Quark Masses ◽  
Spatially Extended

By applying a spatially extended sink operator, the nucleon two-point functions are calculated in Coulomb gauge from quenched lattice QCD with overlap fermions. The Bethe-Salpeter wave functions of nucleon and Roper resonance are extracted at different quark masses. The typical size of nucleon is about 0.7 fm, which seems insensitive to the quark masses involved in this work. It is also found that the wave function of Roper has a radial node.

scholarly journals Sea Contributions to Spin 1/2 Baryon Structure, Magnetic Moments, and Spin Distribution

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1861-1874 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Gupta ◽  
R. Huerta ◽  
G. Sánchez-Colón
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Quark Model ◽  
Magnetic Moment ◽  
Composite System ◽  
Magnetic Moments ◽  
Spin Distribution ◽  
Quantum Numbers ◽  
Experimental Errors ◽  
Spin Distributions

We treat the baryon as a composite system made out of a "core" of three quarks (as in the standard quark model) surrounded by a "sea" (of gluons and [Formula: see text]-pairs) which is specified by its total quantum numbers like flavor, spin and color. Specifically, we assume the sea to be a flavor octet with spin 0 or 1 but no color. The general wave function for spin 1/2 baryons with such a sea component is given. Application to the magnetic moments is considered. Numerical analysis shows that a scalar (spin 0) sea with an admixture of a vector (spin 1) sea can provide very good fits to the magnetic moment data using experimental errors. These fit also give reasonable values for the spin distributions of the proton and neutron.

Gravity as the curvature of the wave function of the universe.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaly Kuyukov
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Wave Functions ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Reference Systems ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
General Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Principle Of Equivalence ◽  
Relative Wave Function ◽  
New Equation ◽  
The Universe

Modern general theory of relativity considers gravity as the curvature of space-time. The theory is based on the principle of equivalence. All bodies fall with the same acceleration in the gravitational field, which is equivalent to locally accelerated reference systems. In this article, we will affirm the concept of gravity as the curvature of the relative wave function of the Universe. That is, a change in the phase of the universal wave function of the Universe near a massive body leads to a change in all other wave functions of bodies. The main task is to find the form of the relative wave function of the Universe, as well as a new equation of gravity for connecting the curvature of the wave function and the density of matter.

Water, Water, Here and There

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E. Vigdor
Keyword(s):  
Quark Mass ◽  
Mass Difference ◽  
Baryon Number ◽  
Electroweak Phase Transition ◽  
Hydrogen Burning ◽  
Quark Masses ◽  
Grand Unified Theories ◽  
Down Quark ◽  
Unified Theories ◽  
The Stability

Chapter 4 deals with the stability of the proton, hence of hydrogen, and how to reconcile that stability with the baryon number nonconservation (or baryon conservation) needed to establish a matter–antimatter imbalance in the infant universe. Sakharov’s three conditions for establishing a matter–antimatter imbalance are presented. Grand unified theories and experimental searches for proton decay are described. The concept of spontaneous symmetry breaking is introduced in describing the electroweak phase transition in the infant universe. That transition is treated as the potential site for introducing the imbalance between quarks and antiquarks, via either baryogenesis or leptogenesis models. The up–down quark mass difference is presented as essential for providing the stability of hydrogen and of the deuteron, which serves as a crucial stepping stone in stellar hydrogen-burning reactions that generate the energy and elements needed for life. Constraints on quark masses from lattice QCD calculations and violations of chiral symmetry are discussed.

scholarly journals Spin Gapless Semiconductor–Nonmagnetic Semiconductor Transitions in Fe-Doped Ti2CoSi: First-Principle Calculations

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Feng ◽  
Zhou Cui ◽  
Ming-sheng Wei ◽  
Bo Wu ◽  
Sikander Azam
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Moment ◽  
Electronic Structures ◽  
Magnetic Moments ◽  
Total Magnetic Moment ◽  
First Principle ◽  
Half Metallic ◽  
Heusler Compound ◽  
First Principle Calculations ◽  
Metallic Ferromagnet

Employing first-principle calculations, we investigated the influence of the impurity, Fe atom, on magnetism and electronic structures of Heusler compound Ti2CoSi, which is a spin gapless semiconductor (SGS). When the impurity, Fe atom, intervened, Ti2CoSi lost its SGS property. As TiA atoms (which locate at (0, 0, 0) site) are completely occupied by Fe, the compound converts to half-metallic ferromagnet (HMF) TiFeCoSi. During this SGS→HMF transition, the total magnetic moment linearly decreases as Fe concentration increases, following the Slate–Pauling rule well. When all Co atoms are substituted by Fe, the compound converts to nonmagnetic semiconductor Fe2TiSi. During this HMF→nonmagnetic semiconductor transition, when Fe concentration y ranges from y = 0.125 to y = 0.625, the magnetic moment of Fe atom is positive and linearly decreases, while those of impurity Fe and TiB (which locate at (0.25, 0.25, 0.25) site) are negative and linearly increase. When the impurity Fe concentration reaches up to y = 1, the magnetic moments of Ti, Fe, and Si return to zero, and the compound is a nonmagnetic semiconductor.

scholarly journals INTEGRAL TRANSFORM TECHNIQUE FOR MESON WAVE FUNCTIONS

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 1611-1626 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.P. BAKULEV ◽  
S.V. MIKHAILOV
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Sum Rules ◽  
Integral Transform ◽  
Wave Functions ◽  
Sum Rule ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Exactly Solvable ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Integral Transform Technique

In a recent paper1 we have proposed a new approach for extracting the wave function of the π-meson φπ(x) and the masses and wave functions of its first resonances from the new QCD sum rules for nondiagonal correlators obtained in Ref. 2. Here, we test our approach using an exactly solvable toy model as illustration. We demonstrate the validity of the method and suggest a pure algebraic procedure for extracting the masses and wave functions relating to the case under investigation. We also explore the stability of the procedure under perturbations of the theoretical part of the sum rule. In application to the pion case, this results not only in the mass and wave function of the first resonance (π′), but also in the estimation of π″-mass.

The Wave Theory of the Electron

1928 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Whittaker
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Fourth Order ◽  
Commutative Algebra ◽  
Wave Theory ◽  
Wave Functions ◽  
Linear Differential Equations ◽  
Wave Mechanics ◽  
First Order ◽  
Linear Differential

In two recent papers Dirac has shown how the “duplexity” phenomena of the atom can be accounted for without recourse to the hypothesis of the spinning electron. The investigation is carried out by the methods of non-commutative algebra, the wave function ψ being a matrix of the fourth order. An alternative presentation of the theory, using the methods of wave mechanics, has been given by Darwin. The four-rowed matrix ψ is replaced by four wave functions ψ1, ψ2, ψ3, ψ4 satisfying four linear differential equations of the first order. These functions are related to one particular direction, and the work can only be given invariance of form at the expense of much additional complication, the four wave functions being replaced by sixteen.

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