A REVIEW ON ADHESION STRENGTH OF PEO COATINGS BY SCRATCH TEST METHOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 1830004 ◽  
Author(s):  
HOSSEIN SHARIFI ◽  
MAHMOOD ALIOFKHAZRAEI ◽  
GHASEM BRATAI DARBAND ◽  
SUMAN SHRESTHA
Keyword(s):  
Critical Load ◽  
Adhesion Strength ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Scratch Test ◽  
Electrolyte Composition ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Plasma Electrolytic ◽  
Aluminum Substrates ◽  
Peo Coatings

Adhesion strength is one of the important properties that reflects the quality of a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coating. Scratch testing can be considered as an appropriate technique to evaluate the adhesion strength of PEO coatings on magnesium, titanium, and aluminum substrates. The scratch test is usually performed either under a constant or a progressively increasing normal load, where the critical load is used as a measure of adhesion strength of the coatings. In this review paper, the effect of different factors such as duration of coating processing, electrolyte composition, and processing current density, as well as different additives to the electrolyte bath, was studied on the adhesion strength of PEO coatings formed on magnesium, titanium, and aluminum substrates. It is understood that an optimum increase in process time and input energy leads to a corresponding increase in thickness of the PEO dense oxide layer and, consequently, an increase in critical load and adhesion strength. Moreover, the electrolyte composition and additives were found to affect the coating microstructure and composition and, subsequently, the coating adhesion strength.

scholarly journals Electrophoretic deposition of nc-TiO2/chitosan composite coatings on X2CrNiMo17-12-2 stainless steel

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 405-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ledwig ◽  
M. Kot ◽  
T. Moskalewicz ◽  
B. Dubiel
Keyword(s):  
Electrophoretic Deposition ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Scratch Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Deposition Parameters ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Polarization Test ◽  
Chitosan Composite

Abstract This paper presents the results of the optimization of electrophoretic deposition parameters for manufacturing of nc-TiO2/chitosan composite coatings on X2CrNiMo17-12-2 steel as well as characterization of their microstructure, electrochemical properties and adhesion to the substrate. The parameters of the deposition, such as composition, pH and zeta potential of suspensions as well as voltage and process time were investigated. The microstructure of the coatings was characterized using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Obtained coatings were crack-free and uniform. The adhesion strength to the substrate was measured by scratch-test method. The deposited coatings improve corrosion resistance of steel, what was confirmed by the results of the potentiodynamic polarization test in Ringer’s solution.

The Adhesion Evaluation of Thin Hard Coatings on Tool Steel with Nitride or Non-Nitride Layer Using the Scratch Test

2008 ◽  
Vol 569 ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan Joo Lee ◽  
Jung Min Lee ◽  
Byung Min Kim
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Critical Load ◽  
Adhesion Strength ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Scratch Test ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Nitride Layer ◽  
Hard Coatings ◽  
Work Of Adhesion ◽  
Scratch Track

The deposition of thin hard coating onto tool steel is done to improve the surface properties such as wear, corrosion. The adhesion strength between substrate and coating is one of important parameters in practical applications since coating failure affects the lifetime of tool directly. Scratch test with acoustic emission(AE) technique was performed to evaluate the adhesion strength qualitative by observing the friction load vs. the normal load curves, the acoustic emission signal generated by the damage of coatings and the scratch track using an optical microscope. In this study, the effect of substrate hardness on the adhesion strength was investigated by evaluating critical load and work of adhesion and observing AE signal and failure mode in scratch track using optical microscope. Coatings were individually deposited on six substrates by means of physical or chemical vapor deposition(PVD, CVD) process and TD process. The critical load of the substrates with nitride layer is higher than without nitride. Although high load causes higher stresses which make flaking occur in the coating-substrate interface, the work of adhesion of harder substrates is also high. Because harder substrates have small contact area causing lower the plastic deformation around stylus.

Study of the effect of electrolyte composition on adhesion and other properties of a coating-base system

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (10) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
T. I. Devyatkina ◽  
E. S. Belyaev ◽  
V. V. Rogozhin ◽  
M. V. Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Scratch Test ◽  
Electrolyte Composition ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Multilayer Coatings ◽  
Base System ◽  
Surface Porosity ◽  
Contact Exchange ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Electrolyte ◽  
Copper Coatings

Aluminum alloys with electroplated coatings and copper plated in particular gained multiple applications. However, pre-zincate treatment often fails to provide the desired adhesion of the coating. We present the results of studying the effect of the electrolyte composition on the adhesion and other properties of the coating-base system. It is shown that an electrolyte with a reduced content of sulfuric and phosphoric acids can be used for anodizing and the oxide films formed during anodizing are stable in the usual copper-plating sulfuric acid electrolyte which eliminates contact exchange and increases adhesion. The use of a modern scratch-test method provides numerical determination of the values of adhesion of copper coatings. The adhesion value depends on the surface porosity of the oxide film and on the type of anodized alloys. The results can be used to improve the technology of applying copper coatings, both as an independent coating and as an underlayer in multilayer coatings.

Degradation of coatings based on 310S steel doped with Al and Ir additives by the scratch test

Open Physics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Kucharska
Keyword(s):  
Critical Load ◽  
Scratch Test ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Pvd Coatings ◽  
Coating Structure ◽  
Micro Cracks ◽  
Aluminium Addition

AbstractMechanical tests of PVD coatings made on steel 310S were carried out within this study by the scratch test method. It was found that the additions of Al and Ir caused lower critical load values compared to the coating without additions. Despite the reduction of the critical load of the coating by the aluminium addition, the effect of aluminium was considered advantageous owing to the refinement of the structure causing the coating to become more plastic and reducing the number and sizes of micro-cracks. The addition of iridium results in an embrittlement of the coating structure and its poorer adhesion to the substrate. Comparison of the findings from the scratch test with the observations from an optical and a scanning microscopes was also made.

Effects of Co, Ti Interlayer, and Post-Annealing on the Adhesion Property between TiN Coatings and WC-Co Substrate

2006 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Shik Kang ◽  
Jung Tae Ok ◽  
Su Jeong Heo ◽  
Eun Young Choi ◽  
Myung Chang Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Load ◽  
Adhesion Strength ◽  
Scratch Test ◽  
Adhesion Property ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coating Process ◽  
Tin Coating ◽  
Tin Coatings ◽  
Post Annealing ◽  
Through Diffusion

In order to improve adhesion strength between TiN coatings and WC-Co substrate, two kinds of interlayer of Co and Ti were pre-deposited before TiN coating process. Thickness and postannealing effects of each interlayer on the adhesion property were investigated through scratch test in this work. Introduction of thin Ti interlayer largely enhanced the adhesion strength between TiN coatings and WC-Co substrate in scratch test. The critical load, Lc2 increased from 64 N without Ti interlayer up to 130N with Ti one of ~ 0.15 thickness. However, post-annealing of TiN/Ti/WCCo system at high temperature of 600 reduced the critical load again. The Ti interlayer caused a deficit of Co content in WC-Co substrate during annealing through diffusion of Co element into Ti interlayer. The reduction of critical load after post-annealing was believed due to diminution in mechanical properties of the substrate derived from the Co deficit in WC-Co substrate. On the other hand, introduction of thin Co interlayer of ~ 0.027 thickness also increased the critical load up to 84 N and improved failure mode, but did not reduce the critical load even after annealing, rather increased it. And, any Co deficit of the substrate was not found after annealing for TiN/Co/WC-Co system.

The Correlation of Adhesion Strength with Barrier Structure in Cu Metallization

2003 ◽  
Vol 766 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sekiguchi ◽  
J. Koike ◽  
K. Ueoka ◽  
J. Ye ◽  
H. Okamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Adhesion Strength ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Scratch Test ◽  
Barrier Structure ◽  
Barrier Layers ◽  
Cu Metallization ◽  
Microstructure Observation ◽  
Sputter Deposited ◽  
Sulfur Containing

AbstractAdhesion strength in sputter-deposited Cu thin films on various types of barrier layers was investigated by scratch test. The barrier layers were Ta1-xNx with varied nitrogen concentration of 0, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.5. Microstructure observation by TEM indicated that each layer consists of mixed phases of β;-Ta, bcc-TaN0.1, hexagonal-TaN, and fcc-TaN, depending on the nitrogen concentration. A sulfur- containing amorphous phase was also present discontinuously at the Cu/barrier interfaces in all samples. Scratch test showed that delamination occurred at the Cu/barrier interface and that the overall adhesion strength increased with increasing the nitrogen concentration. A good correlation was found between the measured adhesion strength and the composing phases in the barrier layer.

scholarly journals Substrate adhesion evolves non-monotonically with processing time in millimeter-scale aligned carbon nanotube arrays

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-271
Author(s):  
Ashley L. Kaiser ◽  
Dale L. Lidston ◽  
Sophie C. Peterson ◽  
Luiz H. Acauan ◽  
Stephen A. Steiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Adhesion Strength ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Effective Modulus ◽  
Work Of Adhesion ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Nanotube Arrays ◽  
Substrate Adhesion ◽  
Carbon Nanotube Arrays

Aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) array adhesion strength evolves with CNT process time, decreasing and then increasing during growth and annealing, as captured by models relating CNT diameter, array effective modulus, and CNT–substrate work of adhesion.

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