scholarly journals Multi-layer composite mechanical modeling for the inhomogeneous biofilm mechanical behavior

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 1650014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Wang ◽  
Jingshi Han ◽  
Kui Li ◽  
Guoqing Wang ◽  
Mudong Hao
Keyword(s):  
Composite Model ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Alternative Theory ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Mechanical Modeling ◽  
Biofilm Thickness ◽  
Simulation Procedure ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Layer Composite ◽  
Multiple Component

Experiments showed that bacterial biofilms are heterogeneous, for example, the density, the diffusion coefficient, and mechanical properties of the biofilm are different along the biofilm thickness. In this paper, we establish a multi-layer composite model to describe the biofilm mechanical inhomogeneity based on unified multiple-component cellular automaton (UMCCA) model. By using our model, we develop finite element simulation procedure for biofilm tension experiment. The failure limit and biofilm extension displacement obtained from our model agree well with experimental measurements. This method provides an alternative theory to study the mechanical inhomogeneity in biological materials.

Finite Element Simulation of Tire-Rim Interface

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. T. Tseng ◽  
R. G. Pelle ◽  
J. P. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Finite Element Simulation ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Inflation Pressure ◽  
Interference Fit ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Rubber Composite

Abstract A finite element model was developed to simulate the tire-rim interface. Elastomers were modeled by nonlinear incompressible elements, whereas plies were simulated by cord-rubber composite elements. Gap elements were used to simulate the opening between tire and rim at zero inflation pressure. This opening closed when the inflation pressure was increased gradually. The predicted distribution of contact pressure at the tire-rim interface agreed very well with the available experimental measurements. Several variations of the tire-rim interference fit were analyzed.

Electromagnetic Sheet Metal Feeder

2014 ◽  
Vol 611-612 ◽  
pp. 939-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergej Teichrib ◽  
Richard Krimm ◽  
Bernd Arno Behrens
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Sheet Metals ◽  
Mechanical Contact ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Sheet Surface ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Continuous Feeding

For a continuous feeding of sheet metals in forming press lines mechanical roll and gripper feeders are used. Typical resulting problems are the damage of the sheet surface due to the mechanical contact. The present contribution deals with the investigations of an electromagnetic material feeder for electric conductive sheet metals. The concept is based on the principle of an asynchronous linear motor. Here the sheet metal acts directly as the secondary part. The new approach was first analysed and designed by means of finite element simulation. With experimental measurements the simulations could be validated using a demonstrator of the electromagnetic feeder. The results indicate that the feeding forces of partially 1000 N can be doubled in comparison to conventional mechanical roll feeders.

On the mechanism of mucosal folding in normal and asthmatic airways

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1814-1821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry R. Wiggs ◽  
Constantine A. Hrousis ◽  
Jeffrey M. Drazen ◽  
Roger D. Kamm
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Composite Model ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Airway Wall ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Folding Pattern ◽  
Airway Lumen ◽  
Layer Composite

Wiggs, Barry R., Constantine A. Hrousis, Jeffrey M. Drazen, and Roger D. Kamm. On the mechanism of mucosal folding in normal and asthmatic airways. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(6): 1814–1821, 1997.—Previous studies have demonstrated that the airway wall in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is markedly thickened. It has also been observed that when the smooth muscle constricts the mucosa buckles, forming folds that penetrate into the airway lumen. This folding pattern may influence the amount of luminal obstruction associated with smooth muscle activation. A finite-element analysis of a two-layer composite model for an airway is used to investigate the factors that determine the mucosal folding pattern and how it is altered as a result of changes in the thickness or stiffness of the different layers that comprise the airway wall. Results demonstrate that the most critical physical characteristic is the thickness of the thin inner layer of the model. Thickening of this inner layer likely is represented by the enhanced subepithelial collagen deposition seen in asthma. Other findings show a high shear stress at or near the epithelial layer, which may explain the pronounced epithelial sloughing that occurs in asthma, and steep gradients in pressure that could cause significant shifts of liquid between wall compartments or between the wall and luminal or vascular spaces.

The Experiment and Simulation Method to Calibrate the Shear Modulus of Individual ZnO Nanorod

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 4040-4043
Author(s):  
Guangbin Yu ◽  
Chengming Jiang ◽  
Bing Dai ◽  
Jinhui Song
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Atomic Force Microscope ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Zno Nanorod ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
General Method

A general method is presented to directly measure the shear modulus of an individual nanorod using atomic force microscope (AFM). To obtain shear modulus with less experiment error, finite element simulation is employed to simulate the twisting process of a ZnO nanorod. Based on the experimental measurements, the shear modulus of ZnO nanorod with 4 μm in length and 166 nm in radius is characterized to be 9.1±0.2 GPa, which is obviously more accurate than the simple averaged experimental result.

Elastic modulus measurement of multilayer metallic thin films

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1996-2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki-Hyun Cho ◽  
Youngman Kim
Keyword(s):  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Composite Model ◽  
Metallic Thin Films ◽  
Metallic Films ◽  
Young’S Moduli ◽  
Layer Composite ◽  
Composite Models ◽  
Modulus Measurement ◽  
The One ◽  
Si Wafer

Two- and three-layer composite models were developed using a beam vibration theory, and the models were applied for measuring Young's moduli of thin metallic films. The Cr, Ni, and Co-coated Si wafer composites (two-layer composite) and (Cr/Ti/Si) composites (three-layer composite) were produced by radio-frequency (rf) magnetron sputtering and used to test the developed models. Young's moduli of (Cr) films obtained by the three-layer composite model agree well with those of (Cr) films obtained by the two-layer composite model, considering (Ti/Si) as the one layer and (Cr) as the other layer. This suggests that moduli of multilayer films may be obtained by using a two-layer composite model repeatedly.

Experimental and Numerical Simulation of Hollow Structure under Compression Loading

2012 ◽  
Vol 576 ◽  
pp. 651-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassim A. Abdullah ◽  
Jaffar S. Mohamed Ali ◽  
Yulfian Aminanda
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Hollow Structure ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Simulation Procedure ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Absorption Of Light ◽  
Good Agreement

Buckling and crushing behaviour of hollow structure was studied through experiments and numerical simulation. The experimental material was a thin aluminium square tube (38 x 38, 1.2 mm thick). Quasi-static crushing load was applied using a Universal Testing Machine, Shimadzu Autograph (AG-X) series which uses TRAPEZIUMX software for control and data logging. Finite element simulation of the crushing test was done using LS-DYNA software. Results of the two analyses were compared and found in good agreement. The study provides an insight on ways to increasing energy absorption of light weight aluminium tubes. The simulation procedure can be used for further investigation of aluminium tubes of different cross section areas and geometries.

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