scholarly journals Team Approaches to Developing Innovative Products and Processes

1997 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 333-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Caird ◽  
Robin Roy ◽  
David Wield
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Environmental Technology ◽  
Product Cycles ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Functional Teams ◽  
Open Markets ◽  
The Impact

International competitiveness, accelerated by the impact of new technologies, has pressurised industry to meet the challenges for higher productivity, faster product cycles, higher levels of quality and lower costs in increasingly internationalised markets. Multi-functional teams have been heralded as a management solution and an innovative organisational approach to address these challenges. This paper summarises the findings from a research programme which aimed to identify the most appropriate team approaches for co-ordinating innovative product/process developments and for enhancing their success. It is based on case studies of environmental technology projects in 25 companies in the United Kingdom. Team approaches were broadly classified as "single-disciplinary", "multi-disciplinary" or "multi-functional" according to members' expertise and innovation function, which could be more or less integrated. The research findings emphasised the diversity of organisational teams which varied according to different projects, organisational, inter-organisational and market conditions, and were more complex when several departments, teams or companies were involved. The findings revealed that multi-functional teams were important in achieving success in open markets, because of their control over appropriate expertise, even though they did not guarantee commercial success. Integrated team approaches were not sufficient for achieving susscess, although most companies regarded their teams as necessary.

scholarly journals Eating Habits and Sustainable Food Production in the Development of Innovative “Healthy” Snacks

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Ciurzyńska ◽  
Piotr Cieśluk ◽  
Magdalena Barwińska ◽  
Weronika Marczak ◽  
Agnieszka Ordyniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Dried Fruit ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, science about nutrition and food technology has grown enormously. These advances have provided information about the human body’s need for certain nutrients and the impact of human nutrition on quality of life and health. New technologies enable the production of many new products that meet the expectations of food consumers. To meet the challenges posed by consumers, food producers are developing new food products that are included in the next generation food. Changing nutritional trends force the food industry and technologists to look for innovative products that are not only ready for immediate consumption, but are also unique in terms of nutritional value and contain a minimum number of additives. Existing research trends are intended to develop innovative products, which can be considered a healthy snack that can help in the fight against obesity, especially among children. Such products are freeze-dried fruit or vegetable gels, fruit skins or edible films. The aim of the work is to present a review of the problem of increasing childhood obesity, the place of snacks in the daily diet and the possibility of replacing unhealthy, high-calorie snacks with alternative products with beneficial properties, in which balanced production is used. For example, the use of freeze-drying and the addition of only natural hydrocolloids provides an “clean label” healthy snack that is appreciated by conscious consumers.

scholarly journals Towards a Conceptual Development of Industry 4.0, Servitisation, and Circular Economy: A Systematic Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6501
Author(s):  
Sehrish Atif ◽  
Shehzad Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Wasim ◽  
Bassam Zeb ◽  
Zeeshan Pervez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Conceptual Development ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Impact

Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies have been highlighted in recent literature as enablers of servitisation. Simultaneously, businesses are advised to implement a circular economy (CE) to bring new opportunities. However, it is pertinent to mention that little attention has been given to assess the role of I4.0 in adopting the CE and servitisation in a fully integrated manner. This research fills this gap by developing a conceptual framework through a systematic literature review of 139 studies investigating the relationship between the I4.0, CE, and servitisation. This study identifies the impact of these variables on a firm’s operational and financial performance (revenue stream, growth, and profitability). Our research findings advocate that adopting I4.0 technologies to the business and manufacturing model enables sustainability, energy and resource efficiency while enhancing performance and offering innovative products through smart services. Thus, firms must systematically adopt I4.0 technologies to support a CE model that creates value through servitisation. This study identifies the research gaps that are unexplored for practitioners and future researchers while providing insight into the role of I4.0 in implementing CE in the servitisation business model.

scholarly journals Nottingham Express Transit

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Disney ◽  
Will Rossiter ◽  
David J Smith
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Impact

Traffic congestion at peak times has long been a problem facing cities in the United Kingdom.1 Latterly concern about combating congestion has been hightened by worries over carbon emissions and poor air quality. In tackling these problems, green innovations incorporating new technologies appear to have much to offer, although progress in implementing these sorts of innovation appears to have been slow. This case study analyses the efforts of one city to tackle these problems by pioneering a number of green innovations including the introduction of a light rail system employing trams known as Nottingham Express Transit as well as electric and gas-powered buses. The nature of these innovations is explored together with a detailed examination of how they came to be implemented and the impact they have had.

scholarly journals Differing Perceptions of the Smartwatch by Users Within Developed Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Patricia Baudier ◽  
Chantal Ammi ◽  
Samuel Fosso Wamba
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Perceived Ease Of Use ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Technological Acceptance Model ◽  
Acceptance Model ◽  
The Impact

This article aims to identify differences in the impact of Self-connectivity and the variables of the technological acceptance model (TAM) on smartwatch adoption in developed countries. The countries involved in the data collection were the United States of America, the United Kingdom, Germany, and France. A sample of 1,197 respondents was used. The study identifies distinct adoption behaviours of smartwatch users in these countries and the moderating impacts of age and gender. The study's results confirm that perceived ease-of-use has no impact on attitude-toward-using the smartwatch and its findings emphasize the key role of perceived-connectivity and the moderating effect of culture on the adoption of innovative products.

scholarly journals A Case Study of the Productivity of the Prefix Cyber- in English and Greek Legal Languages

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-57
Author(s):  
Hanna Ciszek ◽  
Aleksandra Matulewska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Greek Language ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Legal Texts ◽  
European Union Legislation ◽  
New Phenomena ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The aim of the paper is to investigate the impact of the Greek language on modern legal languages in the United Kingdom and United States of America. The focus is placed on terms with the prefix cyber- of Greek origin that have recently enriched the English legal languages in connection with the fact that certain new phenomena (legal institutions) have been regulated by laws as a result of the development of new technologies. Therefore, the authors have investigated the occurrence of terms with the prefix cyber- in legislation and other legal texts. Apart from the analysis of borrowings in the English legal languages, the authors have also investigated the occurrence of equivalent terms in Greek and Cypriot legislation and other genres of legal texts. Furthermore, the analysis involved the investigation of the occurrence of terms with the analysed prefix cyber- in European Union legislation and terminological databases (mostly IATE) to find out whether the borrowings may become internationalisms of Greek origin. Furthermore, the authors have also investigated whether for those terms with a prefix of Greek origin there are synonyms in the languages under scrutiny of non-Greek origin.

Science, art and drug discovery: a personal perspective

2000 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon F. CAMPBELL
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Personal Perspective ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Male Erectile Dysfunction

The research programme that started in 1985 led to the approval of Sildenafil (Viagra®), in 1998, as the first oral treatment for male erectile dysfunction. The initial project objective was the design and synthesis of novel inhibitors of phosphodiesterase that would increase tissue levels of cGMP, and that could be beneficial for the treatment of cardiovascular conditions. Starting from zaprinast, a weak phosphodiesterase inhibitor, computer modelling guided rational medicinal chemistry to achieve significant increases in potency and selectivity for the 5-isoenzyme within a novel series of pyrazolopyrimidinones. Optimization of structure–activity relationships and pharmacokinetic properties led to sildenafil, which proved essentially devoid of cardiovascular activity in clinical trials. However, the emerging role of nitric oxide and cGMP in controlling blood flow in the penis suggested that sildenafil would have a beneficial effect on erectile function. This hypothesis was confirmed by extensive clinical trials in nearly 5000 patients and the Food and Drug Administration approved sildenafil in March 1998 for male erectile dysfunction. Sildenafil is now available in over 100 countries and more than 150 million tablets have been dispensed worldwide. The sildenafil research programme reflects a traditional approach to drug discovery, but pressures to improve productivity have prompted major investments in genome sciences and new technologies. The impact of these initiatives on the drug discovery paradigm will be discussed, particularly with respect to shortening time scales between identifying gene sequences and submitting innovative products for regulatory approval.

The Impact of the UK Human Rights Act 1998 on Privacy Protection in the Workplace

2008 ◽  
pp. 55-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Carsten Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Privacy Protection ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Human Rights Act ◽  
Human Rights Act 1998 ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Philosophical Debates ◽  
The Impact

Privacy is one of the central issues in the information society. New technologies pose new threats to privacy but they may also facilitate new ways of protecting it. Due to the generally accepted importance of privacy, many countries now have explicit legislation to support privacy protection. At the same time there are philosophical debates about privacy, its definitions, meanings, and limitations. In this chapter I present the current state of legal protection of privacy in the United Kingdom. In doing so, I will argue that there are different philosophical concepts of privacy that underpin different pieces of legislation. I will explore what this may mean for the justification of privacy protection and speculate where the future development may be heading.

scholarly journals High quality human resource - The factor promoting creativity and applicability of science and technology

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Hang Phan Thu Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Resource Quality ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Impact

This paper focuses on analyzing the impact of high-quality human resources on creative activities and scientific - technological applications. It began with a review of research findings on the effects of investment in human capital to improve the quality of human resources on economic growth promoting factors. The paper continues with explaining why high-quality human resources are capable of promoting the creation of new technologies as well as the applicability of technology in the production process. Through an analysis of the present human resource quality, especially in the field of science and technology, and the actual situation of scientific-technological research and application, the authors suggest solutions to achieve scientific and technological development in the future.

scholarly journals Barriers to Adopting New Technologies within Rural Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 430
Author(s):  
Rosa Maria Fanelli
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Business Models ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Business Practitioners ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

The adoption of technologies by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) that operate in several business sectors in rural areas is a crucial issue because they often need financial and technical incentives and support from public and local authorities. The question of whether and how innovation can be replicated and applied in a wider context is strictly connected to the understanding of those factors and mechanisms capable of determining the success or failure of the introduction of innovation itself. In this paper, the attention is focused on the impact of new technologies in order to increase SMEs’ competitiveness and productivity among the firms. For this purpose, only recent resources, research and studies that have been implemented during the last twenty years are taken into account. Firstly, based on these studies, the main disruptive technologies were selected. Secondly, the evidence is drawn from stakeholder data discussions of the Interreg Europe project “Regional policies for innovation driven competitiveness and growth of rural SMEs—INNOGROW”, covering eight European countries (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Slovenia and the United Kingdom). Descriptive statistics were applied to describe the case identities. The cases’ needs, enablers and barriers in different groups were analyzed using a chi-square test and Mann–Whitney U Test. The results of this study are important for both researchers as well as small business practitioners (including government agencies and owners/managers) in order to provided policy recommendations, concerning how to establish favourable conditions and offer incentives to SMEs to integrate innovative solutions into their business models.

Analisis Pengaruh Penerimaan Pajak Daerah Dan Retribusi Daerah Terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten/Kota Di Jawa Tengah

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Beta Asteria
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Government Budget ◽  
Multiple Regressions ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Fiscal Balance ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Local Government Budget ◽  
The Impact

This research deals with the impact of Local Tax and Retribution Receipt to Local Government Original Receipt of Regency/City in Central Java from 2008 to 2012. This research utilizes the data of actual of local government budget from Directorate General of Fiscal Balance (Direktorat Jendral Perimbangan Keuangan). Methods of collecting data through census. The number of Regency/City in Central Java are 35. But the data consists of 33 of Regency/City In Central Java from 2008 to 2012. Total of samples are 165. Karanganyar Regency and Sukoharjo Regency were not included as samples of this research because they didn’t report the data of actual of local government budget to Directorate General of Fiscal Balance in 2009.The model used in this research is multiple regressions. The independent variables are Local Tax and Retribution Receipt, the dependent variable is Local Government Original Receipt. The research findings show that Local Tax and Retribution give the significant impact partially and simultaneusly on Local Government Original Receipt at real level 5 percent. All independent variables explain 91,90 percent of the revenue variability while the rest 8,10 percent is explained by other variables.Keywords: Local Tax, Retribution, and Local Government Original Receipt

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