A Method of Determining the Weight of Case Retrieval based on Variable Weight

Author(s):  
Jinbing Ha ◽  
Yiwen Wang ◽  
Zining Liu
2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei A. Gulin

AbstractA review of the stability theory of symmetrizable time-dependent difference schemes is represented. The notion of the operator-difference scheme is introduced and general ideas about stability in the sense of the initial data and in the sense of the right hand side are formulated. Further, the so-called symmetrizable difference schemes are considered in detail for which we manage to formulate the unimprovable necessary and su±cient conditions of stability in the sense of the initial data. The schemes with variable weight multipliers are a typical representative of symmetrizable difference schemes. For such schemes a numerical algorithm is proposed and realized for constructing stability boundaries.


Author(s):  
David O. Brink

This essay explores the adequacy of Sidgwick’s contrast between the egocentrism of ancient ethics and the impartiality of modern ethics by evaluating the resources of eudaimonists, especially Aristotle and the Stoics, to defend a cosmopolitan conception of the common good. Adapting ideas from Broad, we might contrast the scope and weight of ethical concern, distinguishing ethical conceptions that are parochial with respect to both scope and weight, conceptions that are cosmopolitan with respect to both scope and weight, and mixed conceptions that combine universal scope and variable weight. Aristotle’s conception of the common good appears doubly parochial. By contrast, the Stoic conception of the common good is purely cosmopolitan. But the Stoics have trouble providing a eudaimonist defense of their cosmopolitanism. However, Aristotelian eudaimonism has resources to justify a mixed conception. Mixed cosmopolitanism may be cosmopolitanism enough.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4494
Author(s):  
Qicai Wu ◽  
Haiwen Yuan ◽  
Haibin Yuan

The case-based reasoning (CBR) method can effectively predict the future health condition of the system based on past and present operating data records, so it can be applied to the prognostic and health management (PHM) framework, which is a type of data-driven problem-solving. The establishment of a CBR model for practical application of the Ground Special Vehicle (GSV) PHM framework is in great demand. Since many CBR algorithms are too complicated in weight optimization methods, and are difficult to establish effective knowledge and reasoning models for engineering practice, an application development using a CBR model that includes case representation, case retrieval, case reuse, and simulated annealing algorithm is introduced in this paper. The purpose is to solve the problem of normal/abnormal determination and the degree of health performance prediction. Based on the proposed CBR model, optimization methods for attribute weights are described. State classification accuracy rate and root mean square error are adopted to setup objective functions. According to the reasoning steps, attribute weights are trained and put into case retrieval; after that, different rules of case reuse are established for these two kinds of problems. To validate the model performance of the application, a cross-validation test is carried on a historical data set. Comparative analysis of even weight allocation CBR (EW-CBR) method, correlation coefficient weight allocation CBR (CW-CBR) method, and SA weight allocation CBR (SA-CBR) method is carried out. Cross-validation results show that the proposed method can reach better results compared with the EW-CBR model and CW-CBR model. The developed PHM framework is applied to practical usage for over three years, and the proposed CBR model is an effective approach toward the best PHM framework solutions in practical applications.


Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Saleh Seyedzadeh ◽  
Andrew Agapiou ◽  
Majid Moghaddasi ◽  
Milan Dado ◽  
Ivan Glesk

The growing demand for extensive and reliable structural health monitoring resulted in the development of advanced optical sensing systems (OSS) that in conjunction with wireless optical networks (WON) are capable of extending the reach of optical sensing to places where fibre provision is not feasible. To support this effort, the paper proposes a new type of a variable weight code called multiweight zero cross-correlation (MW-ZCC) code for its application in wireless optical networks based optical code division multiple access (WON-OCDMA). The code provides improved quality of service (QoS) and better support for simultaneous transmission of video surveillance, comms and sensor data by reducing the impact of multiple access interference (MAI). The MW-ZCC code’s power of two code-weight properties provide enhanced support for the needed service differentiation provisioning. The performance of this novel code has been studied by simulations. This investigation revealed that for a minimum allowable bit error rate of 10−3, 10−9 and 10−12 when supporting triple-play services (sensing, datacomms and video surveillance, respectively), the proposed WON-OCDMA using MW-ZCC codes could support up to 32 simultaneous services over transmission distances up to 32 km in the presence of moderate atmospheric turbulence.


Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2116
Author(s):  
Yue Xiao ◽  
Limin Tang ◽  
Jiawei Xie

There are great uncertainties in road design parameters, and the traditional point numerical calculation results cannot reflect the complexity of the actual project well. Additionally, the calculation method of road design theory based on interval analysis is more difficult in the use of uncertain design parameters. In order to simplify the calculation process of the interval parameters in the road design theory, the asphalt pavement design is taken as the analysis object, and the permanent deformation of the asphalt mixture is simplified by combining the interval analysis theory. Considering the uncertainty of the design parameters, the data with boundaries but uncertain size are expressed in intervals, and then the interval calculation formula for the permanent deformation of the asphalt mixture is derived, and the interval results are obtained. In order to avoid the dependence of interval calculation on the computer code, according to the interval calculation rule, the interval calculation method with the upper and lower end point values as point operations is proposed. In order to overcome the contradiction between interval expansion results and engineering applications, by splitting the multi-interval variable formulas, the interval variable weights are reasonably given, and the synthesis of each single interval result realizes a simplified calculation based on interval variable weight assignment. The analysis results show that the interval calculation method based on the point operation rule is accurate and reliable, and the simplified method based on the interval variable weight assignment is effective and feasible. The simplified interval calculation method proposed in this paper provides a reference for the interval application of road design theory.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Jing Zheng ◽  
Ying-Ming Wang

Case-based reasoning (CBR) is one of the most popular methods used in emergency decision making (EDM). Case retrieval plays a key role in EDM processes based on CBR and usually functions by retrieving similar historical cases using similarity measurements. Decision makers (DMs), thus, choose the most appropriate historical cases. Although uncertainty and fuzziness are present in the EDM process, in-depth research on these issues is still lacking. In this study, a heterogeneous multi-attribute case retrieval method based on group decision making (GDM) with incomplete weight information is developed. First, the case similarities between historical and target cases are calculated, and a set of similar historical cases is constructed. Six formats of case attributes are considered, namely crisp numbers, interval numbers, linguistic variables, intuitionistic fuzzy numbers, single-valued neutrosophic numbers (NNs) and interval-valued NNs. Next, the evaluation information from the DMs is expressed using single-valued NNs. Additionally, the evaluation utilities of similar historical cases are obtained by aggregating the evaluation information. The comprehensive utilities of similar historical cases are obtained using case similarities and evaluation utilities. In this process, the weights of incomplete information are determined by constructing optimization models. Furthermore, the most appropriate similar historical case is selected according to the comprehensive utilities. Finally, the proposed method is demonstrated using two examples; its performance is then compared with those of other similar methods to demonstrate its validity and efficacy.


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