scholarly journals Socioeconomic Status and Intimate Relationships

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 391-414
Author(s):  
Benjamin R. Karney
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Mating Strategies ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Relationship Maintenance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Socioeconomic Context ◽  
Socioeconomic Diversity

The ways that couples form and manage their intimate relationships at higher and lower levels of socioeconomic status (SES) have been diverging steadily over the past several decades. At higher SES levels, couples postpone marriage and childbirth to invest in education and careers, but they eventually marry at high rates and have relatively low risk for divorce. At lower SES levels, couples are more likely to cohabit and give birth prior to marriage and less likely to marry at all. This review examines how SES comes to be associated with the formation, development, and dissolution of intimate relationships. Overall, research has highlighted how a couple's socioeconomic context facilitates some choices and constrains others, resulting in different capacities for relationship maintenance and different adaptive mating strategies for more and less advantaged couples. A generalizable relationship science requires research that acknowledges these differences and one that recruits, describes, and attends to socioeconomic diversity across couples.

Predictors of Unmet Dental Health Needs in US Adults in 2018: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 238008442110356
Author(s):  
D.J. Gaskin ◽  
H. Zare ◽  
R. McCleary ◽  
O. Kanwar ◽  
A.L. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Income ◽  
The United States ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Dental Visit ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dental Needs

Objective: To identify predictors of unmet dental needs for adults 18 y of age or older in the United States. Method: Using the Aday and Andersen framework and data from the 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), we ran logistic regression to estimate predictors for adults of not having a dental visit within 5 y and having lost any teeth using a national sample of 155,060 survey respondents. Results: Results showed that predisposing factors (age, race/ethnicity, gender, and educational attainment) and enabling factors (income and health insurance status) are important predictors for losing teeth due to decay or gum disease. Men, the elderly, and less educated and low-income residents were less likely to have seen a dentist within the past 5 y and more likely to have lost their permanent teeth. Compared to non-Hispanic White adults, Hispanics adults were more likely to have had a dental visit within the past 5 y. Unmet dental needs varied across states. People living in states with extensive Medicaid dental care benefit coverage were less likely to lose their teeth and more likely to have had a dental visit within the past 5 y. Conclusion: Efforts to improve oral health should address unmet dental needs of men and adults with low socioeconomic status. Studying the variation between state oral health care programs could further our understanding of how public policy can improve population oral health. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Men, non-Hispanic Blacks, mixed and other race minorities, and low socioeconomic status adults are most at risk of unmet dental needs. States can address these needs by expanding Medicaid coverage for adults.

scholarly journals Does socioeconomic status make a difference? A register-based study on the extent to which cardiovascular screening in patients with inflammatory arthritis leads to recommended follow-up in general practice

RMD Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e000940
Author(s):  
Anette Hvenegaard Kjeldgaard ◽  
Kim Hørslev-Petersen ◽  
Sonja Wehberg ◽  
Jens Soendergaard ◽  
Jette Primdahl
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Secondary Care ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Risk Screening ◽  
High Risk Patients ◽  
Eular Recommendations ◽  
Risk Patients

ObjectiveTo investigate to what extent patients with inflammatory arthritis (IA) follow recommendations given in a secondary care nurse-led cardiovascular (CV) risk screening consultation to consult their general practitioner (GP) to reduce their CV risk and whether their socioeconomic status (SES) affects adherence.MethodsAdults with IA who had participated in a secondary care screening consultation from July 2012 to July 2015, based on the EULAR recommendations, were identified. Patients were considered to have high CV risk if they had risk Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) ≥5%, according to the European SCORE model or systolic blood pressure ≥145 mmHg, total cholesterol ≥8 mmol/L, LDL cholesterol ≥5 mmol/L, HbA1c ≥42 mmol/mol or fasting glucose ≥6 mmol/L. The primary outcome was a consultation with their GP and at least one action focusing on CV risk factors within 6 weeks after the screening consultation.ResultsThe study comprised 1265 patients, aged 18–85 years. Of these, 336/447 (75%) of the high-risk patients and 580/819 (71%) of the low-risk patients had a GP consultation. 127/336 (38%) of high-risk patients and 160/580 (28%) of low-risk patients received relevant actions related to their CV risk, for example, blood pressure home measurement or prescription for statins, antihypertensives or antidiabetics. Education ≥10 years increased the odds for non-adherence (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.0.37 to 0.92, p=0.02).Conclusions75% of the high-risk patients consulted their GP after the secondary care CV risk screening, and 38% of these received an action relevant for their CV risk. Higher education decreased adherence.

scholarly journals GENDER AND LANGUAGE IN THE LABOUR MARKET: ANALYSIS OF JOB ADVERTISEMENTS IN SLOVENIA BETWEEN 1958 AND 2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 160-182
Author(s):  
Jasna Mikić
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Market Analysis ◽  
Grammatical Form ◽  
The Past ◽  
Socioeconomic Context ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Job Advertisements ◽  
Historical Examination

Abstract. The present article explores the use of grammatical forms in job advertisements published over the past 60 years (1958, 1978, 1998 and 2018). A historical examination of the use of gender forms in employment is based on analysis of job advertisements published in the Slovenian language, and the particular socioeconomic context. The results show that the frequency of use of the masculine, feminine and neutral forms has not drastically altered over the decades. In general, feminine and neutral forms were used less frequently, and the masculine grammatical form consistently dominates. In 2018, the latter was seemingly ‘neutralised’ by adding the abbreviation M/F

The Application of Fundamental Analysis and Technical Analysis in the Athens Derivatives Exchange (ADEX)

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-104
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Pavlou ◽  
George Blanas ◽  
Pavlos Golemis
Keyword(s):  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Technical Analysis ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Financial Ratios ◽  
Fundamental Analysis ◽  
Stock Performance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Index Size

Derivatives Market in Greece is under development and investors have a clear lack of advising upon this market. Analysts may say that derivatives have low risk, however investing on them does not always return profits. That is why financial analysis is useful, to inform investors. In this paper we try to apply a financial analysis on derivatives market through two different approaches. The fundamental analysis (FA) investigates a firm’s performance through its financial statements and the technical analysis (TA) takes into consideration the past closing prices of the security. The FA will be set through five different kinds of financial ratios for the last five years and TA through five technical indicators for the last three years. Evaluating the results of each method, we try to find whether there is relation with their sector, index, size, establishment date and import date to ASE or not. Our findings show that in both methods there is no strong correlation between the performance and the five different factors, so stock performance is depending on preferences of the investors and not on the directive factors.

Defenders of Faith

2017 ◽  
pp. 118-142
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Policy Issue ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
The Past

In the past few decades, the question of whether and how civil society should recognize committed intimate relationships between two people of the same sex is a prominent and divisive policy issue. This chapter discusses the heightened lawmaking efforts by legislators that are more inclined toward religious claims due to their opposition to homosexuality.

Prediction and Incapacitation

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-186
Author(s):  
Michael Tonry
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Criminal History ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Disparities ◽  
White Offenders ◽  
Black Offenders ◽  
Per Se

Predictions of future violence by individuals are substantially more often wrong than right. Minority offenders are more often incorrectly predicted to be violent than are white offenders. White offenders are more often incorrectly predicted to be nonviolent than are minority offenders. Use of socioeconomic status variables is per se unjust and disproportionately affects minority offenders. Use of criminal history variables exaggerates differences between minority and white offenders, and increases racial and ethnic disparities. It is unjust ever to punish someone more severely than he or she deserves because of a prediction of dangerousness (or for any other reason). Increasing the severity of a sentence on the basis of risk prediction punishes offenders in advance for crimes they would not have committed. Judges and others using prediction instruments more often disregard low-risk predictions for poor and black offenders than for affluent ones.

Epidemiology of Asthma and Influence of Ethnicity

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (01) ◽  
pp. 003-011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theo Moraes ◽  
Malcolm Sears ◽  
Padmaja Subbarao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Mechanistic Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Health Care Interventions ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractAsthma is a heterogeneous disorder with a complex etiology. Prevalence rates for asthma have been increasing in many countries over the past few decades. While it is unclear why this increase is occurring, the variation reported in asthma prevalence and severity associated with ethnicity offers some insight into the determinants of asthma. In this chapter, we discuss the data linking asthma to ethnicity and some of the factors that may explain this association. These include socioeconomic status, environmental exposures, the host microbiome, and genetics. A better understanding of these processes may inform future mechanistic studies and identify modifiable risk factors for targeted health care interventions.

scholarly journals Infant Motor Milestones and Childhood Overweight: Trends over Two Decades in A Large Twin Cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2366
Author(s):  
Silvia I. Brouwer ◽  
Ronald P. Stolk ◽  
Meike Bartels ◽  
Toos C.E.M. van Beijsterveld ◽  
Dorret I. Boomsma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Childhood Overweight ◽  
The Past ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Motor Skill Competence ◽  
Motor Milestone

Background: Poor motor skill competence may influence energy balance with childhood overweight as a result. Our aim was to investigate whether the age of motor milestone achievement has changed over the past decades and whether this change may contribute to the increasing trend observed in childhood overweight. Methods: Motor skill competence was assessed in children from the Young Netherlands Twin Register born between 1987 and 2007. Follow-up ranged from 4 up to 10 years. Weight and height were assessed at birth, 6 months, 14 months, and 2, 4, 7, and 10 years. Results: Babies born in later cohorts achieved their motor milestones ‘crawling’, ‘standing’, and ‘walking unassisted’ later compared to babies born in earlier cohorts (N = 18,514, p < 0.001). The prevalence of overweight at age 10 was higher in later cohorts (p = 0.033). The increase in overweight at age 10 was not explained by achieving motor milestones at a later age and this persisted after adjusting for gestational age, sex, and socioeconomic status. Conclusion: Comparing children born in 1987 to those born in 2007, we conclude that children nowadays achieve their motor milestones at a later age. This does not however, explain the increasing trend in childhood overweight.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document