Mechanism of hypoxic injury to pulmonary artery endothelial cell plasma membranes

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (2) ◽  
pp. C223-C231 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Block ◽  
J. M. Patel ◽  
D. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Conjugated Dienes ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Cell Plasma

We exposed monolayer cultures of pulmonary artery endothelial cells or plasma membranes derived from these cells to hypoxic (0 and 5% O2) and normoxic (20% O2; control) conditions and measured cellular contents of malondialdehyde and conjugated dienes, plasma membrane fluidity and lipid composition, and plasma membrane-dependent transport of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). Hypoxia caused significant increases in malondialdehyde and conjugated dienes, in fluidity, and in 5-HT transport. Hypoxia also caused a significant decrease in plasma membrane total phospholipids and a marked increase in plasma membrane free fatty acids that appeared to be due to release of fatty acids from the plasma membrane phospholipids. The increases in fluidity and 5-HT transport and the alterations in fatty acids were reversible after return to control conditions. These results indicate that hypoxia alters the physical state, lipid composition, and function of endothelial cell plasma membranes by a combination of stimulation of membrane lipid peroxidation and accelerated degradation of membrane phospholipids, the latter probably secondary to activation of membrane phospholipases.

Changes in lipid composition of oat root membranes as a function of water-deficit stress

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Liljenberg ◽  
M. Kates
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Membrane Fraction ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Steryl Esters

The effect of repeated water-deficit stress on the lipid composition of root cells from 5-day-old oat (Avena sativa L. cv. Seger) seedlings was studied. The content of total acyl lipids was found to decrease with increasing degree of water-deficit stress, owing largely to decreases in free fatty acids, triglycerides, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), wax esters, steryl esters, and acylated steryl glycosides. Major polar lipids both in total root cells and in the plasma membrane enriched fraction, as well as the microsomal membrane fraction, were PE, phosphatidylcholine (PC), digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG), monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), and polyglycolipid. Decreases in the degree of unsaturation of the fatty acids as a funtion of increased water-deficit stress were observed for the MGDG and polyglycolipid components of total root cells and for the MGDG, DGDG, and polyglycolipid of the plasma membrane fraction. Electron microscopy showed that stressed root tip cells had much smoother plasma membranes than those of control unstressed root cells. These results suggest that root cells of oat seedlings respond to water-deficit stress by reducing the total plasma membrane mass and degree of lipid fluidity, which would reduce the water permeability of the plasma membranes and help maintain cell turgidity.

scholarly journals Influence of Antiplatelet Agents on the Lipid Composition of Platelet Plasma Membrane: A Lipidomics Approach with Ticagrelor and Its Active Metabolite

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1432
Author(s):  
Jennifer Lagoutte-Renosi ◽  
Florentin Allemand ◽  
Christophe Ramseyer ◽  
Vahideh Rabani ◽  
Siamak Davani
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Active Metabolite ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Antiplatelet Agents ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Lipid Environment ◽  
The Impact

Lipids contained in the plasma membrane of platelets play an important role in platelet function. Modifications in the lipid composition can fluidify or rigidify the environment around embedded receptors, in order to facilitate the access of the receptor by the drug. However, data concerning the lipid composition of platelet plasma membrane need to be updated. In addition, data on the impact of drugs on plasma membrane composition, in particular antiplatelet agents, remain sparse. After isolation of platelet plasma membrane, we assessed, using lipidomics, the effect of ticagrelor, a P2Y12 antagonist, and its active metabolite on the lipid composition of these plasma membranes. We describe the exact lipid composition of plasma membrane, including all sub-species. Ticagrelor and its active metabolite significantly increased cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine ether with short saturated acyl chains 16:0/16:0, and decreased phosphatidylcholine, suggesting overall rigidification of the membrane. Furthermore, ticagrelor and its active metabolite decreased some arachidonylated plasmalogens, suggesting a decrease in availability of arachidonic acid from the membrane phospholipids for synthesis of biologically active mediators. To conclude, ticagrelor and its active metabolite seem to influence the lipid environment of receptors embedded in the lipid bilayer and modify the behavior of the plasma membrane.

scholarly journals Dietary α-linolenic acid supplementation alters skeletal muscle plasma membrane lipid composition, sarcolemmal FAT/CD36 abundance, and palmitate transport rates

2016 ◽  
Vol 311 (6) ◽  
pp. R1234-R1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zane Chorner ◽  
Pierre-Andre Barbeau ◽  
Laura Castellani ◽  
David C. Wright ◽  
Adrian Chabowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition ◽  
Plasma Membrane Lipid

The cellular processes influenced by consuming polyunsaturated fatty acids remains poorly defined. Within skeletal muscle, a rate-limiting step in fatty acid oxidation is the movement of lipids across the sarcolemmal membrane, and therefore, we aimed to determine the effects of consuming flaxseed oil high in α-linolenic acid (ALA), on plasma membrane lipid composition and the capacity to transport palmitate. Rats fed a diet supplemented with ALA (10%) displayed marked increases in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) within whole muscle and sarcolemmal membranes (approximately five-fold), at the apparent expense of arachidonic acid (−50%). These changes coincided with increased sarcolemmal palmitate transport rates (+20%), plasma membrane fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36; +20%) abundance, skeletal muscle triacylglycerol content (approximately twofold), and rates of whole body fat oxidation (~50%). The redistribution of FAT/CD36 to the plasma membrane could not be explained by increased phosphorylation of signaling pathways implicated in regulating FAT/CD36 trafficking events (i.e., phosphorylation of ERK1/2, CaMKII, AMPK, and Akt), suggesting the increased n-3 PUFA composition of the plasma membrane influenced FAT/CD36 accumulation. Altogether, the present data provide evidence that a diet supplemented with ALA increases the transport of lipids into resting skeletal muscle in conjunction with increased sarcolemmal n-3 PUFA and FAT/CD36 contents.

The lipid composition of plasma membrane from goat mammary gland

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 1355-1359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Sharma ◽  
Rajvir Dahiya
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Cholesterol Ester ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography

Experiments were conducted to examine and characterize the lipid composition of the plasma membrane from the lactating goat mammary gland. The plasma membranes were purified by discontinuous sucrose density centrifugation. Lipids were extracted from these membranes and analyzed by thin-layer and gas–liquid chromatography. The results of these studies demonstrate that (i) the principal phospholipids of mammary-gland plasma membranes are phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and sphingomyelin; (ii) the principal neutral lipids are triacylglyceride and cholesterol ester; (iii) the major glycolipids are globotetraosylceramide and globotriaosylceramide; and (iv) the major fatty acids are oleic (18:1), palmitic (16:0), stearic (18:0), and myristic (14:0) acids.

scholarly journals Role of Membrane Lipid Fatty Acids in Sperm Cryopreservation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajes Mandal ◽  
Damodar Badyakar ◽  
Jitamanyu Chakrabarty
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Stressed Condition ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition ◽  
Cell Plasma

Lipid is an important constituent of cell membrane. Membrane lipid composition of spermatozoa has been correlated to different function. Many researchers have related membrane lipid with survival success after cryopreservation or cold shock. Sperm maturation and acrosome reactions are natural phenomenon, but cryopreservation or cold shock is not. Therefore, sperm cells are not programmed for such change and undergo stress. So the change in membrane lipid composition due to cold shock or cryopreservation may be looked upon as response of spermatozoa to a certain stressed condition. A significant body of research worked on the relationship between membrane lipid and fatty acid composition and ability of cell to tolerate adverse change in temperature. However, as the approach of different research groups was different, it is very difficult to compare the changes. Studies have been done with different species, ejaculated/seminal or epididymal sperm. Lipid analyses have been done with whole cell membrane isolated by different methods. Fatty acids estimated were from whole cell, plasma membrane, head membrane, or phospholipids. The cryopreservation condition, media composition, and diluents/cryoprotectants were also different. At this onset a comprehensive review is needed to cover changes of sperm membrane lipid composition of different species under different cryopreservation conditions.

scholarly journals Charged anaesthetics alter LM-fibroblast plasma-membrane enzymes by selective fluidization of inner or outer membrane leaflets

1986 ◽  
Vol 239 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
W D Sweet ◽  
F Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Active Site ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Local Anaesthetics ◽  
Cationic Drugs ◽  
Cell Plasma ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Functional Consequences ◽  
Anionic Drugs

The functional consequences of the differences in lipid composition and structure between the two leaflets of the plasma membrane were investigated. Fluorescence of 1,6-diphenylhexa-1,3,5-triene(DPH), quenching, and differential polarized phase fluorimetry demonstrated selective fluidization by local anaesthetics of individual leaflets in isolated LM-cell plasma membranes. As measured by decreased limiting anisotropy of DPH fluorescence, cationic (prilocaine) and anionic (phenobarbital and pentobarbital) amphipaths preferentially fluidized the cytofacial and exofacial leaflets respectively. Unlike prilocaine, procaine, also a cation, fluidized both leaflets of these membranes equally. Pentobarbital stimulated 5′-nucleotidase between 0.1 and 5 mM and inhibited at higher concentrations, whereas phenobarbital only inhibited, at higher concentrations. Cationic drugs were ineffective. Two maxima of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activation were obtained with both anionic drugs. Only one activation maximum was obtained with both cationic drugs. The maximum in activity below 1 mM for all four drugs clustered about a single limiting anisotropy value in the cytofacial leaflet, whereas there was no correlation between activity and limiting anisotropy in the exofacial leaflets. Therefore, although phenobarbital and pentobarbital below 1 mM fluidized the exofacial leaflet more than the cytofacial leaflet, the smaller fluidization in the cytofacial leaflet was functionally significant for (Na+ + K+)-ATPase. Mg2+-ATPase was stimulated at 1 mM-phenobarbital, unaffected by pentobarbital and slightly stimulated by both cationic drugs at concentrations fluidizing both leaflets. Thus the activity of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase was highly sensitive to selective fluidization of the leaflet containing its active site, whereas the other enzymes examined were little affected by fluidization of either leaflet.

Dietary fat ratios and liver plasma membrane lipid composition

Lipids ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 829-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Hamm ◽  
Anna Sekowski ◽  
Roni Ephrat
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition ◽  
Liver Plasma Membrane ◽  
Plasma Membrane Lipid
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