scholarly journals Accumulation of quercetin conjugates in blood plasma after the short-term ingestion of onion by women

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (2) ◽  
pp. R461-R467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Hak Moon ◽  
Ritsuko Nakata ◽  
Syunji Oshima ◽  
Takahiro Inakuma ◽  
Junji Terao
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Tocopherol Content ◽  
Human Blood Plasma ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Conjugated Metabolites

Quercetin is a typical flavonoid present mostly as glycosides in plant foods; it has attracted much attention for its potential beneficial effects in disease prevention. In this study, we examined human volunteers after the short-term ingestion of onion, a vegetable rich in quercetin glucosides. The subjects were served diets containing onion slices (quercetin equivalent: 67.6–93.6 mg/day) with meals for 1 wk. Quercetin was only found in glucuronidase-sulfatase-treated plasma, and its concentration after 10 h of fasting increased from 0.04 ± 0.04 μM before the trial to 0.63 ± 0.72 μM after the 1-wk trial. The quercetin content in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) after glucuronidase-sulfatase treatment corresponded to <1% of the α-tocopherol content. Human LDL isolated from the plasma after the trial showed little improvement of its resistance to copper ion-induced oxidation. It is therefore concluded that conjugated metabolites of quercetin accumulate exclusively in human blood plasma in the concentration range of 10−7 ∼ 10−6 M after the short-term ingestion of vegetables rich in quercetin glucosides, although these metabolites are hardly incorporated into plasma LDL.

scholarly journals Atherogenic modification of low-density lipoproteins

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.N. Sukhorukov ◽  
V.P. Karagodin ◽  
A.N. Orekhov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Human Blood Plasma ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Modified Ldl ◽  
Intracellular Lipid Accumulation

One of the first manifestations of atherosclerosis is accumulation of extra- and intracellular cholesterol esters in the arterial intima. Formation of foam cells is considered as a trigger in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) circulating in human blood is the source of lipids accumulated in the arterial walls. This review considered features and role in atherogenesis different modified forms of LDL: oxidized, small dense, electronegative and especially desialylated LDL. Desialylated LDL of human blood plasma is capable to induce lipid accumulation in cultured cells and it is atherogenic. LDL possesses numerous alterations of protein, carbohydrate and lipid moieties and therefore can be termed multiple-modified LDL. Multiple modification of LDL occurs in human blood plasma and represents a cascade of successive changes in the lipoprotein particle: desialylation, loss of lipids, reduction in the particle size, increase of surface electronegative charge, etc. In addition to intracellular lipid accumulation, stimulatory effects of naturally occurring multiple-modified LDL on other processes involved in the development of atherosclerotic lesions, namely cell proliferation and fibrosis, were shown.

Atherogenic modification of low density lipoprotein by human blood plasma trans-sialidase

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
V.V. Tertov ◽  
V.V. Kaplun ◽  
K.A. Boytsova ◽  
N.V. Bovin ◽  
A.N. Orekhov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Human Blood Plasma ◽  
Low Density

Identification of molecular species of oxidized triglyceride in plasma and its distribution in lipoproteins

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rojeet Shrestha ◽  
Shu-Ping Hui ◽  
Yusuke Miura ◽  
Akiko Yagi ◽  
Yuji Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Species ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Edta Plasma ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Approach ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Progression Of Atherosclerosis

AbstractThe role of triglycerides carried in the triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) in the progression of atherosclerosis is uncertain. Identification of oxidized triglycerides and its possible association with atherosclerosis were largely ignored. Here we applied mass spectrometric approach to detect and identify triglyceride hydroperoxides (TGOOH) in human plasma and lipoproteins.EDTA plasma was collected from healthy human volunteers (n=9) after 14–16 h of fasting. Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)We identified 11 molecular species of TGOOH in either plasma or VLDL and IDL, of which TGOOH-18:1/18:2/16:0, TGOOH-18:1/18:1/16:0, TGOOH-16:0/18:2/16:0, TGOOH-18:1/18:1/18:1, and TGOOH-16:0/20:4/16:0 were most dominant. These TGOOH molecules are carried by TRL but not by LDL and HDL. Mean concentration of TGOOH in plasma, VLDL and IDL were, respectively, 56.1±25.6, 349.8±253.6 and 512.5±173.2 μmol/mol of triglycerides.This is the first report to identify several molecular species of oxidized triglycerides in TRL. Presence of oxidized triglyceride may contribute to the atherogenicity of TRL. Further work is needed to elucidate the association of the oxidized triglyceride in atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Naturally Occurring PCSK9 Inhibitors

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1440
Author(s):  
Maria Pia Adorni ◽  
Francesca Zimetti ◽  
Maria Giovanna Lupo ◽  
Massimiliano Ruscica ◽  
Nicola Ferri
Keyword(s):  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Pcsk9 Inhibitors ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Starting Point

Genetic, epidemiological and pharmacological data have led to the conclusion that antagonizing or inhibiting Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) reduces cardiovascular events. This clinical outcome is mainly related to the pivotal role of PCSK9 in controlling low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. The absence of oral and affordable anti-PCSK9 medications has limited the beneficial effects of this new therapeutic option. A possible breakthrough in this field may come from the discovery of new naturally occurring PCSK9 inhibitors as a starting point for the development of oral, small molecules, to be used in combination with statins in order to increase the percentage of patients reaching their LDL-cholesterol target levels. In the present review, we have summarized the current knowledge on natural compounds or extracts that have shown an inhibitory effect on PCSK9, either in experimental or clinical settings. When available, the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles of the listed compounds are described.

scholarly journals Signaling Pathways and Key Genes Involved in Regulation of foam Cell Formation in Atherosclerosis

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia V. Poznyak ◽  
Wei-Kai Wu ◽  
Alexandra A. Melnichenko ◽  
Reinhard Wetzker ◽  
Vasily Sukhorukov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foam Cell ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Foam Cells ◽  
Foam Cell Formation ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Experimental Therapies ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

Atherosclerosis is associated with acute cardiovascular conditions, such as ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke, and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Our understanding of atherosclerosis and the processes triggering its initiation is constantly improving, and, during the last few decades, many pathological processes related to this disease have been investigated in detail. For example, atherosclerosis has been considered to be a chronic inflammation triggered by the injury of the arterial wall. However, recent works showed that atherogenesis is a more complex process involving not only the immune system, but also resident cells of the vessel wall, genetic factors, altered hemodynamics, and changes in lipid metabolism. In this review, we focus on foam cells that are crucial for atherosclerosis lesion formation. It has been demonstrated that the formation of foam cells is induced by modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The beneficial effects of the majority of therapeutic strategies with generalized action, such as the use of anti-inflammatory drugs or antioxidants, were not confirmed by clinical studies. However, the experimental therapies targeting certain stages of atherosclerosis, among which are lipid accumulation, were shown to be more effective. This emphasizes the relevance of future detailed investigation of atherogenesis and the importance of new therapies development.

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