Postprandial increases in serum antioxidant capacity in older women

Eight women were recruited for studying the effects of a meal on overall antioxidant status. Subjects resided in a metabolic research unit for two 36-h periods. During period A, subjects fasted overnight (12 h) and were then given a breakfast, a lunch, a snack, and a dinner. During period B, subjects fasted for 23 h and were then given a dinner. These meals were designed to contain negligible antioxidants. Blood samples were collected for analyzing total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and individual antioxidants. The results showed that serum TAC significantly increased by up to 23% after the consumption of the lunch and dinner during period A. Serum TAC did not increase until after the consumption of the dinner during period B. Among the antioxidants (vitamin C, α-tocopherol, bilirubin, and uric acid) examined, serum uric acid was the only one that showed a significant postprandial increase, which was also parallel to the postprandial response in serum TAC. These results indicate that food intake, even if low in antioxidants, can increase the serum total antioxidant activity.

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Nonenzymatic Serum Antioxidant Capacity in IBD and Its Association with the Severity of Bowel Inflammation and Corticosteroids Treatment

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina55040088 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 88 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Katarzyna Neubauer ◽

Radoslaw Kempinski ◽

Malgorzata Matusiewicz ◽

Iwona Bednarz-Misa ◽

Malgorzata Krzystek-Korpacka

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Total Antioxidant Status ◽

Mucosal Healing ◽

Extraintestinal Manifestation ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

History Of

Background and objectives: Oxidative stress signalling plays a monumental role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Reduction of oxidative stress might control inflammation, block tissue damage, and reverse natural history of IBD. We assessed the serum concentrations of free thiols (FT) and uric acid (SUA), together constituting a large part of nonenzymatic serum antioxidant capacity, as well as total antioxidant status (TAS) with reference to IBD phenotype, activity, co-occurrence of anemia, and treatment with azathioprine (AZA) and corticosteroids (CS). Additionally, we appraised the potential of uric acid, thiol stress, and TAS as mucosal healing (MH) markers in ulcerative colitis. Materials and methods: SUA, FT, and TAS were measured colorimetrically using, respectively, uricase, Ellman’s and 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) methods. Results: The study group consisted of 175 individuals: 57 controls, 71 ulcerative colitis (UC), and 47 Crohn’s disease (CD) patients. When compared to controls, SUA levels were significantly lower in patients with CD, and FT and TAS levels were significantly lower in patients with CD and UC. In UC patients, SUA, FT, and TAS inversely correlated with the severity of bowel inflammation. As MH markers, SUA displayed better overall accuracy and higher specificity than FT. In active CD, FT, and SUA were significantly lower in patients with anemia. FT was significantly lower in patients treated with corticosteroids. Conclusions: IBD patients, regardless the disease phenotype, have systemic thiol stress, depleted total antioxidant capacity, and reduced concentrations of uric acid, reflecting, to various degrees, clinical and local disease activity as well as presence of anaemia, the most common extraintestinal manifestation of IBD. Evaluation of systemic total antioxidant status may be useful in noninvasive assessment of mucosal healing. Our findings on thiol stress provide an additional aspect on adverse effects of corticosteroids therapy.

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Influence of Electronic Cigarettes on Antioxidant Capacity and Nucleotide Metabolites in Saliva

Toxics ◽

10.3390/toxics9100263 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 263

Author(s):

Dominika Cichońska ◽

Oliwia Król ◽

Ewa M. Słomińska ◽

Barbara Kochańska ◽

Dariusz Świetlik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Total Antioxidant Status ◽

Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Antioxidant Systems ◽

Uric Acid Concentration ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Trolox Equivalent

The balance between reactive oxygen species production and the activity of antioxidant systems present in saliva is an important element in maintaining oral environment homeostasis. E-cigarettes adversely affect the oral cavity and their cytotoxic effect is related to oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of using electronic cigarettes on antioxidant capacity of saliva. The study involved 110 subjects (35 e-cigarettes users, 33 traditional cigarettes smokers and 42 non-smokers). Laboratory analysis involved quantitation of uric acid, hypoxanthine, xanthine, TAOS (total antioxidant status) and TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) in saliva. Lower values for TAOS and TEAC were observed among e-cigarettes users and traditional cigarettes smokers in comparison to non-smokers. Uric acid concentration tended to be higher among e-cigarettes users while no differences in hypoxanthine and xanthine saliva concentrations were observed. Electronic cigarettes usage affects antioxidant capacity of saliva to the same extent as traditional cigarettes, when comparing smokers to non-smokers. Further longitudinal studies on a larger study group are needed to assess the effect of changes in antioxidant status on oral health.

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Evaluation of Salivary Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress Markers in Male Smokers

Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening ◽

10.2174/1386207322666190806123616 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

pp. 496-501

Author(s):

Fatemeh Ahmadi-Motamayel ◽

Parisa Falsafi ◽

Hamidreza Abolsamadi ◽

Mohammad T. Goodarzi ◽

Jalal Poorolajal

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Free Radicals ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Cigarette Smoke ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

The Body ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

The Mean ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Background: Cigarette smoke free radicals can cause cellular damage and different diseases. All the body fluids have antioxidants which protect against free radicals. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary total antioxidant capacity and peroxidase, uric acid and malondialdehyde levels in smokers and a nonsmoking control group. Methods: Unstimulated saliva was collected from 510 males. A total of 259 subjects were current smokers and 251 were non-smokers. The levels of salivary total antioxidant capacity, uric acid, peroxidase and malondialdehyde were measured using standard procedures. Data were analyzed with t test and ANOVA. Results: The smokers were younger and dental hygiene index was higher than healthy nonsmoking controls. The mean total antioxidant capacity in smokers and nonsmokers was 0.13±0.07 and 0.21±011, respectively (P=0.001). Smokers had significantly lower peroxidase and uric acid levels than healthy controls. In addition, the mean malondialdehyde levels in the smokers and nonsmokers were 4.55 ±2.61 and 2.79 ±2.21, respectively (P=0.001). Conclusion: Cigarette smoke produces free radical and oxidative stress, causing many side effects. Salivary antioxidant levels decreased and malondialdehyde levels increased in smokers, indicating the high oxidative stress among smokers compared to nonsmokers. Cigarette smoke had deleterious effects on main salivary antioxidants levels.

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In Ovo Injection of GABA Can Help Body Weight Gain at Hatch, Increase Chick Weight to Egg Weight Ratio, and Improve Broiler Heat Resistance

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11051364 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1364

Author(s):

Chris Major Ncho ◽

Akshat Goel ◽

Chae-Mi Jeong ◽

Mohamed Youssouf ◽

Yang-Ho Choi

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

The Other ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

In Ovo ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

In Ovo Injection

The aim of this study was to explore the outcomes of an in ovo GABA injection in broilers challenged with HS. In Experiment 1, 210 Arbor Acres eggs were allocated to five treatments: no-injection, and in ovo injection of 0.6 mL of 0%, 5%, 10%, or 20% of GABA. Hatchling weight and CWEWR were significantly increased in the 5% GABA group. In ovo, injection of 10% GABA solution caused a significant decrease in plasma cholesterol and increased plasma total antioxidant capacity of hatchlings. Experiment 2 was conducted with 126 fertile Arbor Acres eggs distributed into one of two groups. At 17.5 days of incubation, one received no injection, and the other was fed 0.6 mL of 10% GABA. On day 10, one subgroup (4 replicates * 3 birds) from each treatment was submitted to HS (38 ± 1 °C for 3 h) while the other was kept at a thermoneutral temperature (29 ± 1 °C). An in ovo injection of GABA significantly increased total antioxidant capacity, but reduced malondialdehyde levels, hepatic mRNA levels of HSP70, FAS, and L-FABP with HS. In conclusion, an in ovo GABA injection improves CWEWR and antioxidant status at hatch, and enhances antioxidant status while downregulating the expression of HSP70 and fatty acid metabolism-related genes in young chicks under HS.

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THE TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY MAY NOT BE RELATED TO BILIRUBIN AND URIC ACID LEVEL IN PATIENTS WITH BETA THALASSEMIA

İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi ◽

10.26650/iuitfd.2020.0013 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 83 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Zeynep Karakaş ◽

Yasin Yılmaz ◽

Dolay Damla Çelik ◽

Agageldi Annayev ◽

Serap Erdem Kuruca

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Uric Acid Level ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Acid Level ◽

Beta Thalassemia ◽

Total Antioxidant

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Estimation of carotinoid, antioxidant, and oxidant statusby biophotonic scanning in healthy and sick persons with risk factorsof atherosclerosis

Bulletin of Siberian Medicine ◽

10.20538/1682-0363-2007-4-31-36 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 31-36

Author(s):

V. N. Kim ◽

G. V. Krivulina ◽

V. M. Shevelyev ◽

T. Ye. Suslova ◽

O. V. Gruzdeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Dietary Supplements ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

High Accuracy ◽

Cardiovascular Risks ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Healthy Persons

High accuracy of biophotonic scanning in estimation of skin carotinoid score (SCS) and antioxidant status after 8-week period of correction by LifePak, MarineOmega, and Tegreen97 active dietary supplements is proved in 45 healthy persons with cardiovascular risks and in patients with cardiovascular diseases. SCS increased by 42.8% (p = 0.005) and total antioxidant capacity of blood (TAC) increased by 36.4% (p = 0.005) in health people; while in patients SCS increased by 47.4% (p = 0.001) and TAC increased by 30.3% (p = 0.008). The SCS accuracy in estimation of antioxidant status was 87%.

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Establishment of creatinine clearance reference values for older women

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/40.12.2276 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 40 (12) ◽

pp. 2276-2281 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

L J Sokoll ◽

R M Russell ◽

J A Sadowski ◽

F D Morrow

Keyword(s):

Serum Creatinine ◽

Creatinine Clearance ◽

Older Women ◽

Research Unit ◽

Reference Ranges ◽

Prediction Formula ◽

Urine Creatinine ◽

Gault Formula ◽

Modification Factor ◽

Metabolic Research Unit

Abstract Age-adjusted reference ranges for creatinine clearance were determined in 279 women, ages 40-95 years, who were housed in a metabolic research unit and consumed a meat-free diet. Creatinine clearance, but not serum creatinine, declined with age by 0.63 mL/min per 1.73 m2 per year. Serum and urine creatinine concentrations, used to calculate clearances, were analyzed by a kinetic Jaffé procedure. In a subset of 100 subjects, fasting serum creatinine values averaged 8.3 +/- 5.2 (SD) mumol/L higher when measured by the kinetic Jaffé procedure than by an enzymatic method (creatinine PAP). The Cockcroft-Gault formula for estimating creatinine clearance from serum creatinine in women was validated, and the modification factor for the male equation was determined to be 0.84 (95% confidence interval 0.83-0.86) confirming the suggested 15% correction. A prediction formula derived from this population was similar in accuracy to the Cockcroft-Gault formula.

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Serum Total Antioxidant Activity after Myocardial Infarction

Annals of Clinical Biochemistry International Journal of Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.1177/000456329703400113 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 85-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Nicholas J Miller ◽

John D Johnston ◽

Clifford S Collis ◽

Catherine Rice-Evans

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Serum Albumin ◽

Total Antioxidant Activity ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

The Difference

Serum total antioxidant activity (TAA), albumin and uric acid were measured on admission, and for the next 2 days in 56 patients suffering myocardial infarction, 20 of whom received streptokinase. The ‘antioxidant gap’, the difference between the serum TAA and the sum of the serum albumin and uric acid activity, was calculated. No significant changes in serum total antioxidant activity were observed in either group of patients between admission, day 1 and day 2. However, a decline in the ‘antioxidant gap’ after myocardial infarction was associated with a significantly higher mortality.

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Antioxidant Status, Oxidative Stress, and Damage in Elite Trained Kayakers and Canoeists and Sedentary Controls

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism ◽

10.1123/ijsnem.19.5.443 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 443-456 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Vitor Teixeira ◽

Hugo Valente ◽

Susana Casal ◽

Franklim Marques ◽

Pedro Moreira

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Total Antioxidant Status ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Strenuous Exercise ◽

Antioxidant Intake ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Β Carotene

Strenuous physical activity is known to generate reactive oxygen species to a point that can exceed the antioxidant defense system and lead to oxidative stress. Dietary intake of antioxidants, plasma enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase [Gr], and glutathione peroxidase [GPx]) activities, nonenzymatic (total antioxidant status [TAS], uric acid, α-tocopherol, retinol, α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, and lutein + zeaxanthin) antioxidants, and markers of lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituricacid-reactive substances [TBARS]) and muscle damage (creatine kinase [CK]) were measured in 17 elite male kayakers and canoeists under resting conditions and in an equal number of age- and sex-matched sedentary individuals. Athletes showed increased plasma values of α-tocopherol (p = .037), α-carotene (p = .003), β-carotene (p = .007), and superoxide dismutase activity (p = .002) and a lower TAS level (p = .030). Antioxidant intake (α-tocopherol, vitamin C, and β-carotene) and plasmatic GPx, Gr, lycopene, lutein + zeaxanthin, retinol, and uric acid levels were similar in both groups. Nevertheless, TBARS (p < .001) and CK (p = .011) levels were found to be significantly higher in the kayakers and canoeists. This work suggests that despite the enhanced levels of antioxidants, athletes undergoing regular strenuous exercise exhibited more oxidative stress than sedentary controls.

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