scholarly journals Seasonal Changes in Lung Function in a Farming Population

2000 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambikaipakan Senthilselvan ◽  
James A Dosman ◽  
Karen M Semchuk ◽  
Helen H McDuffie ◽  
Allan J Cessna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Farm Residents

OBJECTIVE:To assess the changes in respiratory health from winter to summer seasons in a rural population.DESIGN:A longitudinal design was used in the study.SETTING:A population-based study was conducted as part of the Environmental Pesticide Exposure and Human Health component of the Prairie Ecosystem Study (PECOS) in southwestern Saskatchewan.PATIENTS:In the winter season, 358 patients participated in the study. Of these patients, 234 returned for the second assessment during the summer season. After excluding 34 children aged 17 years and under, 200 adult patients were available for analysis.MEASUREMENTS:Questionnaires were used to obtain information on demographic factors, smoking habits, occupational and environmental exposures, and respiratory conditions. Pulmonary function measurements were obtained using a volume displacement spirometer.RESULTS:Mean ages (± SD) of the 106 men and 94 women participating in the study were 50.1±13.3 and 49.0±13.1 years, respectively. Mean percentage changes in maximal midexpiratory flow rate from winter to summer assessments indicated an improvement for town residents and a decline for farm residents. Mean percentage changes in the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s to forced vital capacity indicated an improvement for town residents who were not engaged in farming, and increasing declines for town residents engaged in farming, farm residents not engaged in farming and farm residents engaged in farming.CONCLUSIONS:Seasonal changes occurred in measurements of pulmonary function between winter and summer seasons; these changes may be related to the environmental or occupational exposures experienced by the participants during the study.

scholarly journals Dietary and supplemental antioxidant and anti-inflammatory nutrient intakes and pulmonary function

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 2081-2086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tze Pin Ng ◽  
Mathew Niti ◽  
Keng Bee Yap ◽  
Wan Cheng Tan
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pulmonary Risk ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

AbstractObjectiveA limited but growing body of evidence supports a significant role of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory micronutrients in pulmonary health. We investigated the associations of dietary and supplemental intakes of vitamins A, C, E and D, Se and n-3 PUFA with pulmonary function in a population-based study.DesignPopulation-based, cross-sectional study and data analysis of fruits and vegetables, dairy products and fish, vitamins A, C, E and D, Se and n-3 PUFA supplemental intakes, pulmonary risk factors and spirometry.SubjectsChinese older adults (n 2478) aged 55 years and above in the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Studies.ResultsIn multiple regression models that controlled simultaneously for gender, age, height, smoking, occupational exposure and history of asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, BMI, physical activity, and in the presence of other nutrient variables, daily supplementary vitamins A/C/E (b = 0·044, se = 0·022, P = 0·04), dietary fish intake at least thrice weekly (b = 0·058, se = 0·016, P < 0·0001) and daily supplementary n-3 PUFA (b = 0·068, se = 0·032, P = 0·034) were individually associated with forced expiratory volume in the first second. Supplemental n-3 PUFA was also positively associated with forced vital capacity (b = 0·091, se = 0·045, P = 0·045). No significant association with daily dairy product intake, vitamin D or Se supplements was observed.ConclusionsThe findings support the roles of antioxidant vitamins and n-3 PUFA in the pulmonary health of older persons.

scholarly journals Maternal age at delivery, lung function and asthma in offspring: a population-based survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1601611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Gómez Real ◽  
John A. Burgess ◽  
Simona Villani ◽  
Julia Dratva ◽  
Joachim Heinrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Birth Registry ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Smoking In Pregnancy

There is limited information about potential impact of maternal age on the respiratory health of offspring. We investigated the association of maternal age at delivery with adult offspring's lung function, respiratory symptoms and asthma, and potential differences according to offspring sex.10 692 adults from 13 countries participating in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) II responded to standardised interviews and provided lung function measurements and serum for IgE measurements at age 25–55 years. In logistic and linear multilevel mixed models we adjusted for participants’ characteristics (age, education, centre, number of older siblings) and maternal characteristics (smoking in pregnancy, education) while investigating for differential effects by sex. Maternal age was validated in a subsample using data from the Norwegian birth registry.Increasing maternal age was associated with increasing forced expiratory volume in 1 s (2.33 mL per year, 95% CI 0.34–4.32 mL per year), more consistent in females (ptrend 0.025) than in males (ptrend 0.14). Asthma (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.79–0.92) and respiratory symptoms (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.82–0.92) decreased with increasing maternal age (per 5 years) in females, but not in males (pinteraction 0.05 and 0.001, respectively). The results were consistent across centres and not explained by confounding factors.Maternal ageing was related to higher adult lung function and less asthma/symptoms in females. Biological characteristics in offspring related to maternal ageing are plausible and need further investigation.

scholarly journals The occupations at increased risk of COPD: analysis of lifetime job-histories in the population-based UK Biobank Cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 1900186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara De Matteis ◽  
Deborah Jarvis ◽  
Andrew Darnton ◽  
Sally Hutchings ◽  
Steven Sadhra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Never Smokers

Occupational exposures are important, preventable causes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Identification of COPD high-risk jobs is key to focus preventive strategies, but a definitive job-list is unavailable.We addressed this issue by evaluating the association of lifetime job-histories and lung function data in the population-based UK Biobank cohort, whose unprecedented sample size allowed analyses restricted to never-smokers to rule out the most important confounder, tobacco smoking. COPD was spirometrically defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity ratio below the lower limit of normal. Lifetime job-histories were collected via OSCAR (Occupations Self-Coding Automatic Recording), a new validated online tool that automatically codes jobs into the UK Standard Occupational Classification v.2000. Prevalence ratios for COPD by employment duration in each job compared to lifetime office workers were estimated using robust Poisson regression adjusted for age, sex, centre and smoking. Only associations confirmed among never-smokers and never-asthmatics were considered reliable.From the 116 375 participants with complete job-histories, 94 551 had acceptable/repeatable spirometry data and smoking information and were included in the analysis. Six occupations showed an increased COPD risk among never-smokers and never-asthmatics; most of these also with positive exposure-response trends. Interesting new findings included sculptors, gardeners and warehouse workers.COPD patients, especially never-smokers, should be asked about their job-history for better disease management. Focussed preventive strategies in COPD high-risk jobs are warranted.

scholarly journals Effects of the Use of Air Purifier on Indoor Environment and Respiratory System among Healthy Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3687
Author(s):  
Yoshiko Yoda ◽  
Kenji Tamura ◽  
Sho Adachi ◽  
Naruhito Otani ◽  
Shoji F. Nakayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Air Purification ◽  
Aerodynamic Diameter ◽  
Air Purifier ◽  
Indoor Pm2.5

Air purifiers have become popular among ordinary families. However, it remains controversial whether indoor air purification improves the respiratory health of healthy adults. A randomized crossover intervention study was conducted with 32 healthy individuals. The subjects were categorized into two groups. One group continuously used true air purifiers, and the other followed with sham air purifiers for 4 weeks. Following this first intervention, all the subjects underwent a 4-week washout period and continued with the second 4-week intervention with the alternate air purifiers. We collected fine particulate matter (PM) ≤ 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5), coarse particulate matter between 2.5 and 10 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10–2.5) and ozone (O3). The subjects’ pulmonary function and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were measured during the study period. The indoor PM2.5 concentrations decreased by 11% with the true air purifiers compared to those with sham air purifiers. However, this decrease was not significant (p = 0.08). The air purification did not significantly improve the pulmonary function of the study subjects. In contrast, an increase in the indoor PM10–2.5 and O3 concentration led to a significant decrease in the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1.0)/forced vital capacity (FVC) and maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF), respectively. In conclusion, air purification slightly improved the indoor PM2.5 concentrations in ordinary homes but had no demonstrable impact on improving health.

scholarly journals Obesity Impact on Respiratory Function

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-58
Author(s):  
Anca Hâncu ◽  
Florin Mihălţan
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Not so much emphasize in literature and studies, obesity consequences on respiratory function may influence chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD and asthma, triggering important healthcare issues. Pulmonary function is a mortality predictor. The largest populational study European Community Respiratory Health Survey shows the impact of overweight and obesity on pulmonary function by decreasing forced expiratory volume in first second FEV1 and forced vital capacity FVC. By the contrary, weight loss is decreasing both. Inflammatory and mechanical mechanisms should be considered in lung function impairment, as a consequence of obesity. Important aspect, lifestyle, will consider tobacco, physical activity, diet. Adopting a healthy lifestyle with a Mediterranean Diet MD will preserve a good pulmonary function on long term. We detailed below specific dietary recommendations, favorable nutrients or foods to be avoided. In conclusion comprehensive lifestyle interventions should become populational based interventions for a better prevention for pulmonary diseases and NCD’s and finally for a better health status.

scholarly journals Decreased Pulmonary Function Measured in Children Exposed to High Environmental Relative Moldiness Index Homes

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Vesper ◽  
Larry Wymer ◽  
Suzanne Kennedy ◽  
L. Faye Grimsley
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Dust Sample ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Water Damage ◽  
The Impact

Background: Exposures to water-damaged homes/buildings has been linked to deficits in respiratory health. However, accurately quantifying this linkage has been difficult because of the methods used to assess water damage and respiratory health. Purpose: The goal of this analysis was to determine the correlation between the water-damage, as defined by the Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) value in an asthmatic child’s home, and the child’s pulmonary function measured by spirometry, “forced expiratory volume in one second, percent predicted” or FEV1%. Methods: This analysis utilized data obtained from the “Heads-off Environmental Asthma in Louisiana” (HEAL) study. The children (n= 109), 6 to 12 years of age, who had completed at least one spirometry evaluation and a dust sample collected for ERMI analysis from the home at approximately the same time as the spirometry testing, were included in the analysis. Statistical evaluation of the correlation between ERMI values and FEV1% was performed using the Spearman’s Rank Correlation analysis. The relationship between ERMI values and FEV1% was performed using B-spline regression. Results: The average ERMI value in the HEAL study homes was 7.3. For homes with ERMI values between 2.5 and 15, there was a significant inverse correlation with the child’s lung function or FEV1% measurement (Spearman’s rho -0.23; p= 0.03), i.e. as the ERMI value increased, the FEV1% value decreased. Conclusions: Measures of water-damage (the ERMI) and clinical assessments of lung function (FEV1%) provided a quantitative assessment of the impact of water-damaged home exposures on children’s respiratory health.

Pesticide exposure and lung function: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Ratanachina ◽  
S De Matteis ◽  
P Cullinan ◽  
P Burney
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Mesh Terms

Abstract Background Epidemiological studies have reported associations between pesticide exposure and respiratory health effects, but the quantitative impact on lung function is unclear. To fill this gap, we undertook a systematic review of the available literature on the association between pesticide exposure and pulmonary function. Aims To examine all available literature regarding the relationship between occupational and environmental exposure to pesticides and lung function. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science databases to 1 October 2017 without any date or language restrictions using a combination of MeSH terms and free text for ‘pesticide exposure’ and ‘lung function’. We included studies that met the criteria of our research protocol registered in PROSPERO, and we assessed their quality using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results Of 2356 articles retrieved, 56 articles were included in the systematic review and pooled in meta-analyses for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC), FVC and FEV1. There was tentative evidence that exposure to cholinesterase (ChE) inhibiting pesticides reduced FEV1/FVC and no evidence that paraquat exposure affected lung function in farmers. Conclusions Respiratory surveillance should be enhanced in those exposed to ChE-inhibiting pesticides which reduced FEV1/FVC according to the meta-analysis. Our study is limited by heterogeneity between studies due to different types of exposure assessment to pesticides and potential confounders. Further studies with a more accurate exposure assessment are suggested.

scholarly journals Stress, Depression, Coping Strategy and Respiratory Health Status of Traffic Police at Anand District, Gujarat, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Krishnamurthy ◽  
Anil Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Coping Strategy ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traffic Police ◽  
Extreme Stress

Introduction: There is lot of stress and stress associated mental illness among the traffic police fraternity. Many environmental factors are responsible for this development. Measurement of the stress levels and implementation of coping strategies are very important to maintain the health of the traffic police. Aim: To assess the level of stress, depression, coping strategy and respiratory health status of traffic police at Anand district, Gujarat, India. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study including 100 participants was conducted by the Department of Mental Health Nursing, Manikaka Topawala Institute of Nursing, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Anand District, Gujarat, India from December 2019 to February 2020. Validated tool Job Stress Scale, standardised tool beck depression inventory, coping strategy scale were used to assess the level of stress, depression and coping strategy respectively. Spirometer was used to assess respiratory function. Analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical software version 20.0 and Spirometry Longitudinal Data Analysis (SPIROLA) software version 3.0.3. Results: The study reveals that majority (69%) of the traffic police were facing extreme stress, 11% of traffic police were suffering from mild mood disorder, 73% were having adequate coping skills, 88% were non smokers and 97% traffic police were not using any substances, 65% demonstrated expiratory Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) of 2.6%-3.5%, 66% demonstrated 2.6%-3.5% Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), 76% experienced 96-100 FEV1/FVC ratio1, 53% experienced 6%-8% peak expiratory flow. Pulmonary function test found to be normal however, it is declined in smokers comparative to non smokers. Conclusion: The study concludes that stress and depression were observed in traffic police which they were managing with adaptive coping strategy. However, pulmonary function is found normal in comparing to predictive value, necessary precautions need to be taken by Traffic Police Department by offering protective device like mask to decrease the respiratory health issues.

scholarly journals Are symptoms of insomnia related to respiratory symptoms? Cross-sectional results from 10 European countries and Australia

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e032511
Author(s):  
Erla Bjornsdottir ◽  
Eva Lindberg ◽  
Bryndis Benediktsdottir ◽  
Thorarinn Gislason ◽  
Vanessa Garcia Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Waking Up ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

ObjectivesTo compare the prevalence of different insomnia subtypes among middle-aged adults from Europe and Australia and to explore the cross-sectional relationship between insomnia subtypes, respiratory symptoms and lung function.DesignCross-sectional population-based, multicentre cohort study.Setting23 centres in 10 European countries and Australia.MethodsWe included 5800 participants in the third follow-up of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey III (ECRHS III) who answered three questions on insomnia symptoms: difficulties falling asleep (initial insomnia), waking up often during the night (middle insomnia) and waking up early in the morning and not being able to fall back asleep (late insomnia). They also answered questions on smoking, general health and chronic diseases and had the following lung function measurements: forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and the FEV1/FVC ratio. Changes in lung function since ECRHS I about 20 years earlier were also analysed.Main outcome measuresPrevalence of insomnia subtypes and relationship to respiratory symptoms and function.ResultsOverall, middle insomnia (31.2%) was the most common subtype followed by late insomnia (14.2%) and initial insomnia (11.2%). The highest reported prevalence of middle insomnia was found in Iceland (37.2%) and the lowest in Australia (22.7%), while the prevalence of initial and late insomnia was highest in Spain (16.0% and 19.7%, respectively) and lowest in Denmark (4.6% and 9.2%, respectively). All subtypes of insomnia were associated with significantly higher reported prevalence of respiratory symptoms. Only isolated initial insomnia was associated with lower FEV1, whereas no association was found between insomnia and low FEV1/FVC ratio or decline in lung function.ConclusionThere is considerable geographical variation in the prevalence of insomnia symptoms. Middle insomnia is most common especially in Iceland. Initial and late insomnia are most common in Spain. All insomnia subtypes are associated with respiratory symptoms, and initial insomnia is also associated with lower FEV1.

scholarly journals Absolute values of lung function explain the sex difference in breathlessness in the general population

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1602047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Ekström ◽  
Linus Schiöler ◽  
Rune Grønseth ◽  
Ane Johannessen ◽  
Cecilie Svanes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Ordered Logistic Regression ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Activity-related breathlessness is twice as common among females as males in the general population and is associated with adverse health outcomes. We tested whether this sex difference is explained by the lower absolute forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) or forced vital capacity (FVC) in females.This was a cross-sectional analysis of 3250 subjects (51% female) aged 38−67 years across 13 countries in the population-based third European Community Respiratory Health Survey. Activity-related breathlessness was measured using the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale. Associations with mMRC were analysed using ordered logistic regression clustering on centre, adjusting for post-bronchodilator spirometry, body mass index, pack-years smoking, cardiopulmonary diseases, depression and level of exercise.Activity-related breathlessness (mMRC ≥1) was twice as common in females (27%) as in males (14%) (odds ratio (OR) 2.21, 95% CI 1.79−2.72). The sex difference was not reduced when controlling for FEV1 % predicted (OR 2.33), but disappeared when controlling for absolute FEV1 (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.69−1.14). Absolute FEV1 explained 98−100% of the sex difference adjusting for confounders. The effect was similar within males and females, when using FVC instead of FEV1 and in healthy never-smokers.The markedly more severe activity-related breathlessness among females in the general population is explained by their smaller spirometric lung volumes.

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