Are symptoms of insomnia related to respiratory symptoms? Cross-sectional results from 10 European countries and Australia

ObjectivesTo compare the prevalence of different insomnia subtypes among middle-aged adults from Europe and Australia and to explore the cross-sectional relationship between insomnia subtypes, respiratory symptoms and lung function.DesignCross-sectional population-based, multicentre cohort study.Setting23 centres in 10 European countries and Australia.MethodsWe included 5800 participants in the third follow-up of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey III (ECRHS III) who answered three questions on insomnia symptoms: difficulties falling asleep (initial insomnia), waking up often during the night (middle insomnia) and waking up early in the morning and not being able to fall back asleep (late insomnia). They also answered questions on smoking, general health and chronic diseases and had the following lung function measurements: forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and the FEV1/FVC ratio. Changes in lung function since ECRHS I about 20 years earlier were also analysed.Main outcome measuresPrevalence of insomnia subtypes and relationship to respiratory symptoms and function.ResultsOverall, middle insomnia (31.2%) was the most common subtype followed by late insomnia (14.2%) and initial insomnia (11.2%). The highest reported prevalence of middle insomnia was found in Iceland (37.2%) and the lowest in Australia (22.7%), while the prevalence of initial and late insomnia was highest in Spain (16.0% and 19.7%, respectively) and lowest in Denmark (4.6% and 9.2%, respectively). All subtypes of insomnia were associated with significantly higher reported prevalence of respiratory symptoms. Only isolated initial insomnia was associated with lower FEV1, whereas no association was found between insomnia and low FEV1/FVC ratio or decline in lung function.ConclusionThere is considerable geographical variation in the prevalence of insomnia symptoms. Middle insomnia is most common especially in Iceland. Initial and late insomnia are most common in Spain. All insomnia subtypes are associated with respiratory symptoms, and initial insomnia is also associated with lower FEV1.

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Respiratory Symptoms and Lung Function among Ethiopian Women in Relation to Household Fuel Use

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17010041 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 41 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mulugeta Tamire ◽

Adamu Addissie ◽

Abera Kumie ◽

Emma Husmark ◽

Susann Skovbjerg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Respiratory Health ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Solid Fuels ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

European Respiratory Society ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Validated Questionnaire

Exposure to household air pollution has been linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, respiratory symptoms and reduced lung function. This study aims to assess respiratory symptoms and lung function among Ethiopian women in relation to exposure to HAP. We conducted a cross-sectional study among non-smoking women responsible for household cooking. Data was collected on socio-demographic characteristics, respiratory symptoms and risk factors using a validated questionnaire. Spirometry with reversibility testing was performed according to American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society guidelines. We used independent t-test and multivariable logistic regression to compare the means and measure association respectively. A total of 545 women participated in the study out of which 231 (42.3%) performed spirometry with at least three acceptable manoeuvres. Everyone in the rural group and 43% of the urban group were exposed to HAP from solid fuels during cooking. The odds of developing at least one respiratory symptom when compared with those using cleaner fuels are twice as high for women cooking within the living house. We also found significantly lower forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) (L) among solid fuels users compared with cleaner energy users. Given the larger population settlement in the rural areas and the use of solid fuel as the only energy source, there is a higher risk of developing chronic respiratory health problems for those women in Ethiopia.

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Maternal age at delivery, lung function and asthma in offspring: a population-based survey

European Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1183/13993003.01611-2016 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 51 (6) ◽

pp. 1601611 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Francisco Gómez Real ◽

John A. Burgess ◽

Simona Villani ◽

Julia Dratva ◽

Joachim Heinrich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Maternal Age ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Respiratory Health ◽

Population Based ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Limited Information ◽

Birth Registry ◽

Maternal Characteristics ◽

Smoking In Pregnancy

There is limited information about potential impact of maternal age on the respiratory health of offspring. We investigated the association of maternal age at delivery with adult offspring's lung function, respiratory symptoms and asthma, and potential differences according to offspring sex.10 692 adults from 13 countries participating in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) II responded to standardised interviews and provided lung function measurements and serum for IgE measurements at age 25–55 years. In logistic and linear multilevel mixed models we adjusted for participants’ characteristics (age, education, centre, number of older siblings) and maternal characteristics (smoking in pregnancy, education) while investigating for differential effects by sex. Maternal age was validated in a subsample using data from the Norwegian birth registry.Increasing maternal age was associated with increasing forced expiratory volume in 1 s (2.33 mL per year, 95% CI 0.34–4.32 mL per year), more consistent in females (ptrend 0.025) than in males (ptrend 0.14). Asthma (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.79–0.92) and respiratory symptoms (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.82–0.92) decreased with increasing maternal age (per 5 years) in females, but not in males (pinteraction 0.05 and 0.001, respectively). The results were consistent across centres and not explained by confounding factors.Maternal ageing was related to higher adult lung function and less asthma/symptoms in females. Biological characteristics in offspring related to maternal ageing are plausible and need further investigation.

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Snoring and nocturnal reflux: association with lung function decline and respiratory symptoms

ERJ Open Research ◽

10.1183/23120541.00010-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 00010-2019

Author(s):

Össur Ingi Emilsson ◽

Shadi Amid Hägg ◽

Eva Lindberg ◽

Karl A. Franklin ◽

Kjell Toren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Respiratory Health ◽

Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Lung Function Decline ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Habitual Snoring ◽

Capacity Change ◽

Sectional Analysis

IntroductionThe study aim was to examine the association of snoring and nocturnal gastro-oesophageal reflux (nGOR) with respiratory symptoms and lung function, and if snoring and/or nGOR associated with a steeper decline in lung function.MethodsData from the third visit of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) was used for cross-sectional analysis. Pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry was performed, and information on sleep, nGOR and respiratory symptoms was collected (n=5715). Habitual snoring and nGOR were assessed by questionnaire reports. Pre-bronchodilator spirometry from ECRHS I, II and III (20 years follow-up) were used to analyse lung function changes by multivariate regression analysis.ResultsSnoring and nGOR were independently associated with a higher prevalence of wheeze, chest tightness, breathlessness, cough and phlegm. The prevalence of any respiratory symptom was 79% in subjects with both snoring and nGOR versus 56% in those with neither (p<0.001). Subjects with both snoring and nGOR had more frequent exacerbations (adjusted prevalence 32% versus 19% among “no snoring, no nGOR”, p=0.003). Snoring but not nGOR was associated with a steeper decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 s over 10 years after adjusting for confounding factors (change in % predicted −5.53, versus −4.58 among “no snoring”, p=0.04) and forced vital capacity (change in % predicted −1.94, versus −0.99 among “no snoring”, p=0.03).ConclusionsAdults reporting both habitual snoring and nGOR had more respiratory symptoms and more frequent exacerbations of these symptoms. Habitual snoring was associated with a steeper decline in lung function over time.

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Farming, pesticide exposure and respiratory health: a cross-sectional study in Thailand

Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1136/oemed-2020-107325 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. oemed-2020-107325

Author(s):

Jate Ratanachina ◽

Andre Amaral ◽

Sara De Matteis ◽

Paul Cullinan ◽

Peter Burney

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Respiratory Health ◽

Airflow Obstruction ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Pesticide Use ◽

Government Employees ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pesticide Exposures

ObjectiveTo assess the association of lung function and respiratory symptoms with farming, particularly pesticide use, in an agricultural province in Thailand.MethodsWe undertook a cross-sectional survey of adults aged 40–65 in Nan province, Thailand, between May and August 2019. We randomly recruited 345 villagers and enriched the sample with 82 government employees. All participants performed post-bronchodilator spirometry and completed a questionnaire covering information on respiratory symptoms, farming activities, pesticide use and known risk factors for respiratory disease. Associations of respiratory outcomes with farming and pesticide exposures were examined by multivariable regression analysis.ResultsThe response rate was 94%. The prevalence of chronic airflow obstruction among villagers was 5.5%. Villagers had, on average, a lower percent predicted post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) than government employees (98.3% vs 100.3%; p=0.04). There was no evidence of association of lung function with farming activities, the use of specific herbicides (glyphosate and paraquat), insecticides (organophosphates and pyrethroids) or fungicides. The exceptions were poultry farming, associated with chronic cough and an increase of FEV1/FVC, and atrazine, for which duration (p-trend <0.01), intensity (p-trend <0.01) and cumulative hours (p-trend=0.01) of use were all associated with higher FEV1/FVC in an exposure–response manner. Cumulative hours (−280 mL/hour), low duration (−270 mL/year) and intensity (−270 mL/hour/year) of atrazine use were associated with lower FVC.ConclusionsChronic airflow obstruction is uncommon among villagers of an agricultural province in Nan, Thailand. Farming and pesticide use are unlikely to be major causes of respiratory problems there.

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Respiratory symptoms and spirometric abnormalities among welders in the welding workplace of the Indian unorganized sector

Work ◽

10.3233/wor-213521 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Manish Dev ◽

Arvind Bhardwaj

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Respiratory Health ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Dust Particles ◽

Control Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

Unorganized Sector

BACKGROUND: Welding is one of the most hazardous professions across the globe. Several risk factors are associated with Indian unorganized welding units such as welding gases, fumes and dust particles resulting in various respiratory health problems. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study is to examine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, their associated factors and lung function impairment amongst the welders of the unorganized sector in India. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted across 283 welders of age group 18–55 years from Punjab, India who responded to the interviewer-administrated respiratory symptoms questionnaire. Also, the lung function parameters of 50 male welders (exposed group) and 50 male non-welders (control group) working in the same environment were evaluated. RESULTS: The prevalence of respiratory symptoms such as chronic cough (38.86%), phlegm (38.86%), shortness of breath (33.56%), wheezing (32.15%), chest tightness (36.40%,) and sputum (34.27%) was reported by the welders. The observed mean values of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC ratio of welders were (3.37±0.175), (2.59±0.16) and (76.63±6.16) respectively and that of non-welders were (3.70±0.15), (3.05±0.25) and (82.49±7.62) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The welders were found to be at significant risk of developing pulmonary diseases. Long working hours, low level of education, hazardous working conditions, lack of implementation of safety laws make welders more vulnerable to health risks. The welders of Indian unorganized sector work without any technical training related to welding and safety. Proper orientation sessions about the workplace hazards and to maintain hygiene at their workplace should be organized. Welders must be provided with Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Welders should take proper health check-up and medication to sustain healthiness

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Respiratory Symptoms and Lung Function in Poultry Confinement Workers in Western Canada

Canadian Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1155/2003/109679 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 375-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Shelley P Kirychuk ◽

Ambikaipakan Senthilselvan ◽

James A Dosman ◽

Victor Juorio ◽

John JR Feddes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Respiratory Health ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Poultry Production ◽

Housing Type ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Poultry Workers ◽

Grain Farmers

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether poultry production methods impact respiratory health, and whether poultry farmers have more respiratory symptoms and lower lung function than comparison control groups.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.SETTING: Provinces of Saskatchewan, Alberta and Manitoba during the winters of 1997 to 1999. POPULATION: Three hundred three poultry workers, 241 grain farmers and 206 nonfarming control subjects were studied. Poultry workers were further classified according to the poultry housing type in which they worked, ie, workers who worked with poultry raised on the floor (floor-based operations), which included broiler/roaster, broiler/breeder and turkey operations (n=181), and workers who worked with poultry raised in a caged setting (cage-based operations), which included egg operations (n=122).INTERVENTIONS: Subjects completed a respiratory health questionnaire, which included questions on the poultry operation and work habits, and participated in lung function testing.MAIN RESULTS: Overall, this study indicated that poultry workers report greater prevalences of current and chronic respiratory symptoms than control populations, and that the type of production method (cage-based versus floor-based) appears to influence the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and lung function values. Workers from cage-based operations report greater prevalences of current cough and wheeze, as well as lower mean values for forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced expiratory flow at 25% to 75% of vital capacity (FEF25-75) and FEV1/FVC than workers from floor-based facilities. Workers from cage-based facilities also reported greater prevalences of current and chronic cough and phlegm, as well as significantly lower FEF25-75 and FEV1/FVC values than nonfarming control subjects. Furthermore, grain farmers had lower FVC and FEV1 values than nonfarmers.CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the type of poultry production system (ie, floor- versus cage-based) appears to have an effect on the respiratory response of workers from these facilities. Further studies are required to understand the physiological mechanisms of respiratory dysfunction and the relationships concerning workplace exposure among poultry workers.

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Primary Cooking Fuel Choice and Respiratory Health Outcomes among Women in Charge of Household Cooking in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso: Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16061040 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 1040 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Adama Sana ◽

Nicolas Meda ◽

Gisèle Badoum ◽

Benoit Kafando ◽

Catherine Bouland

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Respiratory Health ◽

Biomass Fuel ◽

Respiratory Morbidity ◽

Shortness Of Breath ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cooking Fuel ◽

Breathing Difficulty ◽

Sputum Production ◽

Waking Up

Background: Approximately 3 billion people, worldwide, rely primarily on biomass for cooking. This study aimed to investigate the association between respiratory symptoms among women in charge of household cooking and the type of fuel used for cooking. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted. A total of 1705 women that were randomly selected, completed the survey. We also performed a bivariate and a multivariate analysis to verify the possible associations between respiratory symptoms in women in charge of household cooking and the type of cooking fuel used. Results: Dry cough, breathing difficulties, and throat irritation frequencies were statistically high in biomass fuel users when compared to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) users. It was also the case for some chronic respiratory symptoms, such as sputum production, shortness of breath, wheezing, wheezing with dyspnea, wheezing without a cold, waking up with shortness of breath, waking up with coughing attacks, and waking up with breathing difficulty. After adjustment for the respondents’ and households’ characteristics; dry cough, breathing difficulties, sneezing, nose tingling, throat irritation, chronic sputum production, wheezing, wheezing with dyspnea, wheezing without a cold, waking up with shortness of breath, waking up with coughing attacks, and waking up with breathing difficulty were symptoms that remained associated to biomass fuel compared to LPG. Women who used charcoal reported the highest proportion of all the chronic respiratory symptoms compared to the firewood users. However, this difference was not statistically significant except for the wheezing, waking up with coughing attacks, and waking up with breath difficulty, after adjustment. Conclusion: Exposure to biomass smoke is responsible for respiratory health problems in women. Charcoal, which is often considered as a clean fuel compared to other biomass fuels and often recommended as an alternative to firewood, also presents health risks, including increased respiratory morbidity in women. Effective and efficient energy policies are needed to accelerate the transition to clean and sustainable energies.

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Effects of Passive Smoking at Work on Respiratory Symptoms, Lung Function, and Bronchial Responsiveness in Never-Smoking Office Cleaning Women

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology ◽

10.2478/10004-1254-60-2009-1941 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 327-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jordan Minov ◽

Jovanka Karadžinska-Bislimovska ◽

Kristin Vasilevska ◽

Snežana Risteska-Kuc ◽

Sašo Stoleski

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Passive Smoking ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Respiratory Health ◽

Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness ◽

Lung Function Test ◽

Indoor Environments ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Bronchial Responsiveness ◽

Prick Test

Effects of Passive Smoking at Work on Respiratory Symptoms, Lung Function, and Bronchial Responsiveness in Never-Smoking Office Cleaning WomenThis cross-sectional study compares respiratory symptoms, lung function, and bronchial responsiveness between 27 office cleaning women exposed to environmental tobacco smoke at work and 57 unexposed controls. The age range of both groups was 24 to 56 years, and none of the women had ever smoked. Information on respiratory symptoms, cleaning work history, and passive smoking in the workplace were obtained with a questionnaire. The subjects also took a skin prick test to common inhalant allergens, a lung function test, and a histamine challenge. Despite smoking restriction in indoor environments, we found a high prevalence of passive smokers in the workplace (32.1 %). In these subjects we found a significantly higher prevalence of wheezing with breathlessness (25.9 % vs. 8.8 %; P=0.036), wheezing without cold (25.9 % vs. 7.0 %; P=0.016), and breathlessness after effort (29.6 % vs. 8.8 %; P=0.014) than in control subjects. Objective measurements showed a significantly lower MEF25 (53.6 % vs. 63.7 %; P=0.001) and a significantly higher prevalence of borderline bronchial hyperresponsiveness (22.2 % vs. 7.0 %; P=0.044) in the passive smokers in the workplace. This study provides evidence of adverse respiratory effects in office cleaning women associated with passive smoking in the workplace. Our findings support a stricter implementation of the current national law to protect respiratory health of all workers.

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Cohort profile: The Chikwawa lung health cohort; a population-based observational non-communicable respiratory disease study of adults in Malawi

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0242226 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. e0242226

Author(s):

Martin W. Njoroge ◽

Sarah Rylance ◽

Rebecca Nightingale ◽

Stephen Gordon ◽

Kevin Mortimer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Low Income ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Airflow Obstruction ◽

Population Based ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Rural Setting ◽

Lung Health

Purpose The aim of this article is to provide a detailed description of the Chikwawa lung health cohort which was established in rural Malawi to prospectively determine the prevalence and causes of lung disease amongst the general population of adults living in a low-income rural setting in Sub-Saharan Africa. Participants A total of 1481 participants were randomly identified and recruited in 2014 for the baseline study. We collected data on demographic, socio-economic status, respiratory symptoms and potentially relevant exposures such as smoking, household fuels, environmental exposures, occupational history/exposures, dietary intake, healthcare utilization, cost (medication, outpatient visits and inpatient admissions) and productivity losses. Spirometry was performed to assess lung function. At baseline, 56.9% of the participants were female, mean age was 43.8 (SD:17.8) and mean body mass index (BMI) was 21.6 Kg/m2 (SD: 3.46) Findings to date The cohort has reported the prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms (13.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI], 11.9–15.4), spirometric obstruction (8.7%, 95% CI, 7.0–10.7), and spirometric restriction (34.8%, 95% CI, 31.7–38.0). Additionally, an annual decline in forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV1] of 30.9mL/year (95% CI: 21.6 to 40.1) and forced vital capacity [FVC] by 38.3 mL/year (95% CI: 28.5 to 48.1) has been reported. Future plans The ongoing phases of follow-up will determine the annual rate of decline in lung function as measured through spirometry and the development of airflow obstruction and restriction, and relate these to morbidity, mortality and economic cost of airflow obstruction and restriction. Population-based mathematical models will be developed driven by the empirical data from the cohort and national population data for Malawi to assess the effects of interventions and programmes to address the lung burden in Malawi. The present follow-up study started in 2019.

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Chronic Respiratory Symptoms and Lung Function of Farmer and Breeder in UTU Village, Tabanan, Bali

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2020.4538 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (B) ◽

pp. 709-715

Author(s):

Ni Luh Putu Eka Arisanti ◽

Ni Putu Ayu Widiasari ◽

Ida Bagus Ngurah Rai

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Vital Capacity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Smoking History ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Lung Function Decline ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Passive Smoker

AIM: The objective of the study was to determine chronic respiratory symptoms and lung function of farmers. METHODS: The study was conducted in Utu Village, Tabanan, Bali with 84 subjects. This research was observational analytic cross sectional study. RESULTS: Three dominant chronic respiratory symptoms in farmers were coughing (15.1%), dyspnea (13.1%), and phlegm (13.1%). Average values of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC were 83.75 ± 34.42, respectively, 81.62 ± 34.30 and 104.90 ± 13.90, respectively. Cough was dominant experiencing by smokers (p = 0.008). Mean of FEV1% prediction and FVC% prediction value was lower in passive smoker group than no smoker group (p = 0.005 and p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Occupational exposure while farming and raising livestock can cause chronic respiratory symptom and lung function decline in farmers and can be influenced by smoking history and secondhand smoke exposure.

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