scholarly journals Acute Exercise Increases Plasma Total Antioxidant Status and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Untrained Men

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Berzosa ◽  
I. Cebrián ◽  
L. Fuentes-Broto ◽  
E. Gómez-Trullén ◽  
E. Piedrafita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Antioxidant defences are essential for cellular redox regulation. Since free-radical production may be enhanced by physical activity, herein, we evaluated the effect of acute exercise on total antioxidant status (TAS) and the plasma activities of catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase and its possible relation to oxidative stress resulting from exercise. Healthy untrained male subjects () performed three cycloergometric tests, including maximal and submaximal episodes. Venous blood samples were collected before and immediately after each different exercise. TAS and enzyme activities were assessed by spectrophotometry. An increase of the antioxidant enzyme activities in plasma was detected after both maximal and submaximal exercise periods. Moreover, under our experimental conditions, exercise also led to an augmentation of TAS levels. These findings are consistent with the idea that acute exercise may play a beneficial role because of its ability to increase antioxidant defense mechanisms through a redox sensitive pathway.

scholarly journals How potential endocrine disruptor deltamethrin effects antioxidant enzyme levels and total antioxidant status on model organisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-421
Author(s):  
Gamze Yücel Işıldar ◽  
A. Çağlan Günal ◽  
Duygu Şahin ◽  
Burcu Kocak Memmi ◽  
Aylin Sepici Dinçel
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Toxic Pollutant

AbstractObjectiveDeltamethrin, synthetic pyrethroid, is a suspected endocrine disruptor contaminating ecosystems as toxic pollutant via agricultural activities and vector controls. The objective of the study is to determine the possible effects on human by evaluating antioxidant enzyme levels and total antioxidant status (TAS) of invertebrate model organism crayfish exposure to sublethal deltamethrin.Materials and methodsCrayfish were exposed to 0.05 μg/L deltamethrin for 48 h and 7 days. Hemolymph samples were taken for TAS and total haemocyte counts (THCs). Gill, hepatopancreas and muscle tissues were examined for superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathion peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities.ResultsTHCs were decreased (p < 0.05) and hemolymph TAS levels were increased according to control groups. Gill SOD, CAT and GPx enzyme activities were significantly rised. Hepatopancreas SOD activities unchanged. Hepatopancreas CAT activities were increased significantly after 48 h (p < 0.05), but returned back to controls after 7 days. Hepatopancreas GPx and muscle SOD activities were rised (p < 0.05), while muscle CAT and GPx values did not affect from deltametrin.ConclusionDeterioration of ecosystems are directly affect the humans. The toxic effects of deltamethrin for different stages of organisms on the food web will provide basic data to understand and estimate the effects on the human beings.

Wet and dry extraction of coconut oil: impact on lipid metabolic and antioxidant status in cholesterol coadministered rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
pp. 610-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Govindan Nevin ◽  
Thankappan Rajamohan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Dry Process

Because coconut oil extracted by wet process (virgin coconut oil, VCO) is gaining popularity among consumers, this study was conducted to evaluate VCO compared with coconut oil extracted by dry process (copra oil, CO) for their influence on lipid parameters, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant status in rats coadministered with cholesterol. VCO, CO, and cholesterol were fed in a semi-synthetic diet to 24 male Sprague–Dawley rats for 45 days. After the experimental period, lipid and lipid peroxide levels and antioxidant enzyme activities were observed. Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of the polyphenolic fraction from VCO and CO were also analyzed. The results showed that lipid and lipid peroxide levels were lower in VCO-fed animals than in animals fed either CO or cholesterol alone. Antioxidant enzyme activities in VCO-fed animals were comparable with those in control animals. Although the fatty acid profiles of both oils were similar, a significantly higher level of unsaponifiable components was observed in VCO. Polyphenols from VCO also showed significant radical-scavenging activity compared with those from CO. This study clearly indicates the potential benefits of VCO over CO in maintaining lipid metabolism and antioxidant status. These effects may be attributed in part to the presence of biologically active minor unsaponifiable components.

scholarly journals Low Doses of Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Improve Insulin Resistance, Lipid Metabolism, and Oxidative Damage in Aging Rats

Endocrinology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 149 (5) ◽  
pp. 2433-2442 ◽  
Author(s):  
María García-Fernández ◽  
Gloria Delgado ◽  
Juan Enrique Puche ◽  
Salvador González-Barón ◽  
Inma Castilla Cortázar
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Aging Rats ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Total Antioxidant

GH and IGF-I concentrations decline with age. Age-related changes appear to be linked to decreases in the anabolic hormones, GH and IGF-I. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant, anabolic, and metabolic effects of the IGF-I replacement therapy, at low doses, in aging rats. Three experimental groups were included in this protocol: young healthy controls (17 wk old); untreated old (O) rats (103 wk old); and aging rats (103 wk old) treated with IGF-I during 1 month (2.25 μg IGF-I/100 g body weight−1·d−1). Compared with young controls, untreated aging rats showed a reduction of IGF-I and testosterone levels, and a decrease of serum total antioxidant status, which were corrected by IGF-I therapy. In addition, untreated O presented increased levels of serum glucose with hyperinsulinemia, cholesterol, and triglycerides, and a reduction of free fatty acid concentrations. IGF-I therapy was able to revert insulin resistance, and to reduce cholesterol and triglycerides levels increasing significantly free fatty acid concentrations. The O group showed higher oxidative damage in brain and liver tissues associated with alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities. IGF-I therapy reduced oxidative damage in brain and liver, normalizing antioxidant enzyme activities and mitochondrial dysfunction. In conclusion, low doses of IGF-I restore circulating IGF-I, improve glucose and lipid metabolism, increase testosterone levels and serum total antioxidant capability, and reduce oxidative damage in brain and liver associated with a normalization of antioxidant enzyme activities and mitochondrial function.

Effect of dietary curcumin and capsaicin on testicular and hepatic oxidant–antioxidant status in rats fed a high-fat diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 774-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevda Tanrıkulu-Küçük ◽  
Canan Başaran-Küçükgergin ◽  
Muhammed Seyithanoğlu ◽  
Semra Doğru-Abbasoğlu ◽  
Hikmet Koçak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
High Fat

This study investigated the effects of curcumin and capsaicin on testicular and hepatic oxidant–antioxidant status in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups (8 rats per group). The control group was fed a normal control diet (standard laboratory chow), the HFD group was fed HFD (60% of total calories from fat), the HFD+CUR group received HFD supplemented with curcumin (1.5 g curcumin/kg HFD), the HFD+CAP group was given HFD supplemented with capsaicin (0.15 g capsaicin/kg HFD), and the HFD+CUR+CAP group received HFD supplemented with curcumin and capsaicin for 16 weeks. Hepatic and testicular thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH) levels, glutathione transferase activity, and Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase protein expression and enzyme activities were measured. Protein expression was determined by Western blotting. GSH levels and antioxidant enzyme activities were measured with colorimetric methods. HFD slightly increased hepatic and testicular oxidative stress parameters. GSH levels did not change between groups. TBARS and ROS levels were significantly reduced in the HFD+CUR+CAP group compared with the HFD group. Liver and testis antioxidant enzyme activities and expression increased significantly with combined capsaicin and curcumin treatment. Curcumin and capsaicin treatment attenuated testicular and hepatic oxidative stress and enhanced the antioxidant defense system. The combination of capsaicin and curcumin with HFD seems to have some remarkable and beneficial effects on testicular oxidative damage in the fatty liver rat model.

Antioxidant status in the liver of hypertensive and metallothionein-deficient mice

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 929-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Bobillier-Chaumont ◽  
Laurence Nicod ◽  
Lysiane Richert ◽  
Alain Berthelot
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Experimental Development ◽  
Salt Hypertension

Because oxidative stress is involved in arterial hypertension, impairment of hepatic antioxidant defences could develop in the course of this disease. Metallothionein (MT), an antioxidant protein, is present in high rates in the liver. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a mineralocorticoid-salt treatment on blood pressure, hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities, and cardiac MT levels in transgenic MT null mice compared with control mice to further clarify the role of MT during the experimental development of arterial hypertension. Control and transgenic MT –/– mice were submitted to an 8-week mineralocorticoid-salt treatment. Hepatic glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities and cardiac MT and mineral levels were measured. Mineralocorticoid-salt treatment induced an increase in blood pressure in both transgenic MT –/– and control mice that was associated with an impairment of liver antioxidant status. MT deficiency was associated with modifications of hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities and with a decrease in cardiac iron levels. Adaptive processes of antioxidant systems may explain the absence of an effect of metallothionein deficiency on the development of mineralocorticoid-salt hypertension. The interactions that occur between the in vivo antioxidant systems probably produce a complex regulation of the oxidative balance and consequently prevent antioxidant deficiency.Key words: hepatic antioxidant enzymes, metallothionein, transgenic mice, DOCA-salt hypertension.

Metabolic and antioxidant enzyme activities in the diaphragm: effects of acute exercise

1994 ◽  
Vol 96 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 139-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Lawler ◽  
Scott K. Powers ◽  
Hans Van Dijk ◽  
Taco Visser ◽  
Michael J. Kordus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities

scholarly journals Effects of grape seed extract supplementation on exercise-induced oxidative stress in rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muaz Belviranlı ◽  
Hakkı Gökbel ◽  
Nilsel Okudan ◽  
Kemal Başaralı
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Grape Seed Extract ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Chronic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Induced

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of grape seed extract (GSE) supplementation on exercise performance and oxidative stress in acutely and chronically exercised rats. A total of sixty-four male rats were used in the study. Rats were divided into six groups: control, chronic exercise control, acute exercise control (AEC), GSE-supplemented control, GSE-supplemented chronic exercise and GSE-supplemented acute exercise groups. Chronic exercise consisted of treadmill running at 25 m/min, 45 min/d, 5 d a week for 6 weeks. Rats in the acute exercise groups were run on the treadmill at 30 m/min until exhaustion. GSE were given at 100 mg/kg of body weight with drinking water for 6 weeks. Plasma was separated from blood samples for the analysis of oxidative stress markers. There was no significant difference in time of exhaustion between the acute exercise groups. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were higher in the acute exercise groups and lower in the chronic exercise groups. GSE supplementation decreased MDA levels. Xanthine oxidase and adenosine deaminase activities were higher in the AEC group compared to all the other groups. NO levels were increased with both chronic exercise and GSE supplementation. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were lower in the acute exercised groups and higher in the chronic exercised groups. GSE supplementation caused an increase in antioxidant enzyme activities. In conclusion, GSE supplementation prevents exercise-induced oxidative stress by preventing lipid peroxidation and increasing antioxidant enzyme activities.

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