Evaluation of RANKL/OPG Serum Concentration Ratio as a New Biomarker for Coronary Artery Calcification: A Pilot Study

Objective. There is a strong need for biomarkers to identify patients at risk for future cardiovascular events related with progressive atherosclerotic disease. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) protects the skeleton from excessive bone resorption by binding to receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and preventing it from binding to its receptor, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB. However, conflicting results have been obtained about association of serum level of OPG or RANKL with coronary artery disease (CAD). Based on their role in inflammation and matrix degradation and the fact that atherosclerotic plaque formation is an inflammatory process, we hypothesized that RANKL : OPG ratio could be a better biomarker for CAD. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, the correlation between RANKL : OPG ratio serum concentration and coronary artery calcification (CAC) in 50 patients with ischemic coronary disease has been investigated. We used ELISA method for measuring RANKL and OPG serum concentrations. Results. There was a significant correlation between RANKL : OPG serum concentration ratio and CAC in our study population (P=0.01). Conclusion. Our results suggested that RANKL : OPG ratio concentration has a potential of being used as a marker for coronary artery disease.

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Effect of redundant clinical trials from mainland China evaluating statins in patients with coronary artery disease: cross sectional study

BMJ ◽

10.1136/bmj.n48 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. n48

Author(s):

Yuanxi Jia ◽

Jiajun Wen ◽

Riaz Qureshi ◽

Stephan Ehrhardt ◽

David D Celentano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Mainland China ◽

Statin Treatment ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Artery Disease

Abstract Objective To identify redundant clinical trials evaluating statin treatment in patients with coronary artery disease from mainland China, and to estimate the number of extra major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) experienced by participants not treated with statins in those trials. Design Cross sectional study. Setting 2577 randomized clinical trials comparing statin treatment with placebo or no treatment in patients with coronary artery disease from mainland China, searched from bibliographic databases to December 2019. Participants 250 810 patients with any type of coronary artery disease who were enrolled in the 2577 randomized clinical trials. Main outcome measures Redundant clinical trials were defined as randomized clinical trials that initiated or continued recruiting after 2008 (ie, one year after statin treatment was strongly recommended by clinical practice guidelines). The primary outcome is the number of extra MACEs that were attributable to the deprivation of statins among patients in the control groups of redundant clinical trials—that is, the number of extra MACEs that could have been prevented if patients were given statins. Cumulative meta-analyses were also conducted to establish the time points when statins were shown to have a statistically significant effect on coronary artery disease. Results 2045 redundant clinical trials were identified published between 2008 and 2019, comprising 101 486 patients in the control groups not treated with statins for 24 638 person years. 3470 (95% confidence interval 3230 to 3619) extra MACEs were reported, including 559 (95% confidence interval 506 to 612) deaths, 973 (95% confidence interval 897 to 1052) patients with new or recurrent myocardial infarction, 161 (132 to 190) patients with stroke, 83 (58 to 105) patients requiring revascularization, 398 (352 to 448) patients with heart failure, 1197 (1110 to 1282) patients with recurrent or deteriorated angina pectoris, and 99 (95% confidence interval 69 to 129) unspecified MACEs. Conclusions Of more than 2000 redundant clinical trials on statins in patients with coronary artery disease identified from mainland China, an extra 3000 MACEs, including nearly 600 deaths, were experienced by participants not treated with statins in these trials. The scale of redundancy necessitates urgent reform to protect patients.

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Assessment of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and lipid levels in healthy adults and patients with coronary artery disease, with and without periodontitis - a cross-sectional study

Journal of Periodontal Research ◽

10.1111/jre.12172 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 836-844 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

K. R. V. Kumar ◽

V. Ranganath ◽

R. Naik ◽

S. Banu ◽

A. S. Nichani

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Lipid Levels ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Artery Disease

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Association between plasma lipids, and apolipoproteins and coronary artery disease: a cross-sectional study in a low-risk Korean population

International Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/j.ijcard.2004.03.057 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 101 (3) ◽

pp. 435-440 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Hyung-Kwan Kim ◽

Sung-A Chang ◽

Eue-Keun Choi ◽

Yong-Jin Kim ◽

Hyo-Soo Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Plasma Lipids ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Low Risk ◽

Korean Population ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Artery Disease

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Abstract P354: Circulating Interleukin 17 A In Patients With Acute And Chronic Coronary Syndrome

Circulation Research ◽

10.1161/res.129.suppl_1.p354 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 129 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Dinaldo C Oliveira ◽

Edivaldo Mendes Filho ◽

Mariana Barros ◽

Carolina Oliveira ◽

Joao Vitor Cabral ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Interleukin 17 ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Artery Disease

Introduction: Interleukin L-17 is produced by Th 17 cells and other cells. There is a debate if IL 17 is atherogenic or atheroprotective. The true role of this interleukin during the development and progression of the coronary artery disease is not known. Objective: To evaluate if there are differences between the IL17 A serum levels according to clinical presentation of the coronary artery disease. Methods: This is a cross sectional study which enrolled 101 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 100 patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) and 100 healthy volunteers. Blood samples were taken from patients ( at admission) and controls to analysis the level of IL17A. Clinical characteristics were collected through questionnaires. This research was approved by ethical committee. Results: Comparisons of the clinical characteristics between patients with ACS and CCS revealed: mean age ( 62 ± 12.4 vs 63.3 ± 9.8, p = 0.4 ), male (63.4% vs 58%, p = 0.4) hypertension (85.1% vs 79%, p = 0.1) , disyipidemia (48% vs 31%, p =0.01), Diabetes Mellitus (47.5% vs 41%, p = 0.3), previous myocardial infarction (57.4% vs 40%, p = 0,01), smoking (29.7% vs 38%, p = 1). The peripheral concentrations of IL17A according to ACS, CCS and controls were: 5.36 ± 8.83 vs 6.69 ± 17.92 vs 6.26 ± 11.13, p = 0.6. Besides, the comparison between ACS and CCS showed: 5.36 ± 8.83 vs 6.69 ± 17.92, p = 0.3. Conclusion: The main finding os this study was that the circulating IL 17 concentrations were similar in patients with ACS, CCS and healthy volunteers). Besides, there was no difference between patients with ACS and CCS. Therefore, our hypothesis is that in patients with ACS and CCS the circulating IL 17 A concentrations are low or undetectable.

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How Fast Foods Impact Coronary Artery Disease Incidence: A Cross-Sectional Study

European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences ◽

10.24018/ejmed.2021.3.5.1033 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. 52-55

Author(s):

Khudayenoor ◽

Ayesha Shaheen ◽

Aimen Fatima ◽

Zohaib Saleem ◽

Hafeez Arshad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Fast Food ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fast Foods ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Artery Disease ◽

The Impact

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a very ordinary health problem around the globe. CAD is affected by numerous factors like diabetes, obesity, smoking, gender, and diet. However, the association of CAD with diet is understudied in our region that’s why our study was aimed to evaluate the effect of diet on CAD incidence. This cross-sectional study was completed among local population of Rawalpindi, Pakistan in almost 6 months from November 2020 to April 2021. People were taken in our study via set criteria. Data was collected by self-structured proforma. Data analysis was performed by applying IBM SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics were applied for quantitative variables. Statistical tests like Chi-square test and Spearman correlation analysis were applied to know the association, direction, and strength of study variables. Our current study displays overall high prevalence CAD (17.48%) among study population. Mean value of age for study participants was 45.42 with SD of ±8.01years. Prevalence of CAD was more common among females, faster food eaters and fresh fruit and raw vegetables non-eaters. Gender, fast food, and fresh fruits and vegetables were associated with CHD significantly with p-values 0.030, 0.0007, and 0.0006 respectively. Strength and direction for fast food and CAD association was very strong and positive while for association between fresh fruits and raw vegetables and CAD was very strong and negative with correlation coefficient +0.812 and -0.831 respectively. In a nutshell, current study indicates high prevalence of CAD especially among females, fast food eaters and fresh fruits and raw vegetables non-eaters. Higher consumption of fast foods leads to higher incidence of CAD and vice versa while higher consumption of fresh fruits and raw vegetables bring down the incidence of CAD incidence and vice versa. So, we need to create awareness among people about the impact of food on CAD and gender specific interventions for each gender to lower down the CAD incidence.

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