scholarly journals Analysis of Flavonoids fromEugenia unifloraLeaves and Its Protective Effect against Murine Sepsis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanna D. Rattmann ◽  
Lauro Mera de Souza ◽  
Simone M. Malquevicz-Paiva ◽  
Nessana Dartora ◽  
Guilherme Lanzi Sassaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cecal Ligation And Puncture ◽  
Neutrophil Accumulation ◽  
Edible Plant ◽  
Relevant Model ◽  
Late Mortality ◽  
Cox 2

Eugenia uniflora, referred to as Pitanga cherry shrub, is largely distributed in tropical and subtropical America. This plant is cultivated in many countries and it is suitable for the production of juice, frozen pulp, and tea. Besides, it can be used as treatment for inflammatory diseases. We reported that a flavonoid-rich fraction (HE-Bu) obtained from leaves decreased the lethality induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), a clinically relevant model of sepsis. The oral administration of HE-Bu reduced the late mortality rate by 30%, prevented neutrophil accumulation in lungs, decreased TNF-αand IL-1βserum levels, and markedly decreased iNOS and COX-2 protein expression by ileum cells. Chemical investigation showed myricetin and quercetin rhamnosides as the major components of this fraction. The results showed that HE-Bu protected mice from sepsis and indicated that this edible plant produces compounds that could be considered as potential adjuvants for sepsis treatment.

scholarly journals Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins prevent septic death in rats.

1995 ◽  
Vol 182 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
T E Read ◽  
C Grunfeld ◽  
Z L Kumwenda ◽  
M C Calhoun ◽  
J P Kane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Emulsion ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cecal Ligation And Puncture ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
Serum Tumor Necrosis

Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins bind and inactive bacterial endotoxin in vitro and prevent death when given before a lethal dose of endotoxin in animals. However, lipoproteins have not yet been demonstrated to improve survival in polymicrobial gram-negative sepsis. We therefore tested the ability of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins to prevent death after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in rats. Animals were given bolus infusions of either chylomicrons (1 g triglyceride/kg per 4 h) or an equal volume of saline for 28 h after CLP. Chylomicron infusions significantly improved survival (measured at 96 h) compared with saline controls (80 vs 27%, P < or = 0.03). Chylomicron infusions also reduced serum levels of endotoxin, measured 90 min (26 +/- 3 vs 136 +/- 51 pg/ml, mean +/- SEM, P < or = 0.03) and 6 h (121 +/- 54 vs 1,026 +/- 459 pg/ml, P < or = 0.05) after CLP. The reduction in serum endotoxin correlated with a reduction in serum tumor necrosis factor, measured 6 h after CLP (0 +/- 0 vs 58 +/- 24 pg/ml, P < or = 0.03), suggesting that chylomicrons improve survival in this model by limiting macrophage exposure to endotoxin and thereby reducing secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Infusions of a synthetic triglyceride-rich lipid emulsion (Intralipid; KabiVitrum, Inc., Alameda, CA) (1 g triglyceride/kg) also significantly improved survival compared with saline controls (71 vs 27%, P < or = 0.03). These data demonstrate that triglyceride-rich lipoproteins can protect animals from lethal polymicrobial gram-negative sepsis.

High-dose exogenous iron following cecal ligation and puncture increases mortality rate in mice and is associated with an increase in gut epithelial and splenic apoptosis*

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1178-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pardis Javadi ◽  
Timothy G. Buchman ◽  
Paul E. Stromberg ◽  
Kareem D. Husain ◽  
W. Michael Dunne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cecal Ligation And Puncture

scholarly journals The Bacterial Component Flagellin Induces Anti-Sepsis Protection Through TLR-5, IL-1RN and VCAN During Polymicrobial Sepsis in Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 446-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Zhu ◽  
Guangjie Duan ◽  
Lang Lang ◽  
Yao Liu ◽  
Junmin Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Cecal Ligation And Puncture ◽  
Relevant Model ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Endothelial Repair ◽  
Endothelial Proliferation ◽  
Expression Construct

Background: The present study was designed to observe the effects of the bacterial component flagellin on anti-sepsis protection through TLR-5, VCAN and IL-1RN. Methods: A clinically relevant model of sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). An in vitro culture of endothelial cells was analyzed. Results: Flagellin induced anti-sepsis protection through inhibition of inflammation and induction of endothelial proliferation by down-regulating the expression of TLR 3, TLR 4, and IL-1RN and promoting the expression of VCAN in mice 24 h post-CLP. In vitro, flagellin promoted the proliferation of endothelial cells. These effects could be inhibited by transfection of endothelial cells with VCAN siRNA or IL-1RN over-expression constructs. VCAN expression decreased after transfection of the cells with an IL-1RN over-expression construct and increased after transfection of the cells with an IL-1RN siRNA construct. IL-1RN expression remained unchanged after transfection of the cells with VCAN over-expression or siRNA constructs. Conclusions: These data suggest that flagellin pretreatment promoted anti-sepsis protection through the TLR-5, IL-1RN and VCAN pathway. This pathway is necessary to mediate endothelial repair and thereby promote survival following sepsis challenge.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang against Polymicrobial Sepsis Induced by Cecal Ligation and Puncture in Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufen Wei ◽  
Lei Shan ◽  
Liming Qiao ◽  
Runhui Liu ◽  
Zhenlin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Bacterial Clearance ◽  
Cecal Ligation And Puncture ◽  
Th2 Response ◽  
Th1 Predominance ◽  
Septic Condition

Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang (HLJDT) is a traditional formula that has long been used for treatment of inflammatory diseases in Traditional Chinese Medicine. In this study, we examined its protective effect against sepsis in an experimental septic model induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in rats. The results demonstrated that prophylactic administration of HLJDT protected rats from CLP-induced lethality and ameliorated CLP-induced liver and lung injury. HLJDT treatment suppressed the production of proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-17A, indicating HLJDT could limit excessive inflammatory responses in septic condition. In addition, HLJDT facilitated bacterial clearance by increasing phagocytic activities of peritoneal macrophages. Furthermore, HLJDT treatment reversed CLP-induced suppression of IFN-γexpression and blocked CLP-induced increase in IL-4 expression in spleens of rats at 24 h after CLP, indicating that HLJDT could reverse the shift from Th1 to Th2 response and promote Th1/Th2 balance toward Th1 predominance in septic rats. Moreover, HLJDT also inhibited the expression of IL-17A and ROR-γt in spleens of septic rats, indicating HLJDT is able to inhibit Th17 activation in septic condition. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated the protective effects of HLJDT against sepsis and highlighted the potential of HLJDT as a medication for septic patients.

scholarly journals A New Approach to Monitoring and Evaluation of Cecal Ligation and Puncture Sepsis Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Arezou Khosrojerdi ◽  
◽  
Sara Soudi ◽  
Ahmad Zavaran Hosseini ◽  
Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cecal Ligation And Puncture ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Sepsis Model ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Tgf Β1

Background: Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory disease in response to the pathogens that leads to vital organ failures the failure of vital organs. Appropriate animal models should be developed to measure the effectiveness of therapeutic methods. Cecal Ligation and Puncture (CLP) is the most widely used methods of creating the sepsis model. Some variables interfere in the creation of the CLP model which terminated to result in an unrepeatable dynamic of the inflammatory responses. The current research, suggests presents the simultaneous study of inflammatory responses in serum and liver as a criterion for determining the inflammatory status of the CLP model. Materials and Methods: CLP model was induced in 15 female C57bl/6 mice. IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, and TGF-β1 cytokines levels were measured at 24, 48, and 72 hours after CLP induction in both serum and liver tissue by ELISA method. Serum levels of liver enzymes were analyzed by the clinical chemistry analyzer. All studies were performed in healthy mice as well. The results were reported as Mean±SD. Results: The levels of IL-10 and TGF- β1 in the liver is were significantly (P≤0.05) higher than serum. The production of IL-10 and TGF- β1 in the serum and liver reaches its maximum at peaked 24 and 72 hours after CLP induction. The level of TNF-α in the liver is was significantly (P≤0.05) higher than serum with a maximum production 24 hours after CLP induction. Conclusion: Serum is not a good representative of the inflammatory condition in sepsis. Therefore, it is suggested that local inflammatory responses be considered in evaluating the model, and the determination of drug efficacy.

Cyclooxygenase 2-mediated suppression of macrophage interleukin-12 production after thermal injury

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (2) ◽  
pp. C263-C270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin G. Schwacha ◽  
Chun-Shiang Chung ◽  
Alfred Ayala ◽  
Kirby I. Bland ◽  
Irshad H. Chaudry
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Injury ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Cecal Ligation And Puncture ◽  
Injury Group ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Total Body ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Macrophage (Mφ) prostaglandin (PG)E2production has been implicated in immunosuppression and increased susceptibility to sepsis after thermal injury. Deficient interleukin (IL)-12 production has also been implicated in these postburn complications. The present study examined the relationship between Mφ cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 activity and IL-12 production after thermal injury. C57BL/6 female mice were subjected to a 25% total body surface area full-thickness burn. Mφ were isolated 7 days later, or the mice were subjected to sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). IL-12 production by Mφ from injured mice was suppressed by >50%, whereas COX-2 expression and PGE2production were increased twofold. The COX-2 inhibitor NS-398 suppressed PGE2production and normalized IL-12 production in the injury group, whereas it had no effect on IL-10 production. Injured mice subjected to CLP had lower IL-12 plasma levels compared with sham-treated mice subjected to CLP. NS-398 treatment prevented the suppression in plasma IL-12 levels in the injury group. Thus elevated Mφ COX-2 activity, independent of IL-10, suppresses Mφ IL-12 production after thermal injury and may play an important role in the observed immunosuppression under such conditions.

Increased expression of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant in septic rat liver

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (3) ◽  
pp. R593-R600 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Deutschman ◽  
B. A. Haber ◽  
K. Andrejko ◽  
D. E. Cressman ◽  
R. Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Cecal Ligation And Puncture ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Neutrophil Accumulation ◽  
Nf Kappa B ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Nonparenchymal Cells ◽  
Protein Levels

Hepatocellular dysfunction in sepsis may be neutrophil mediated. We therefore tested the hypothesis that sepsis-induced neutrophil accumulation is associated with increased expression of the chemokine, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC). In Sprague-Dawley rats made septic by cecal ligation and puncture, we demonstrate a time-dependent increase in CINC mRNA, which returns to baseline by 48 h. By in situ hybridization, this mRNA is present in hepatocytes and nonparenchymal cells. CINC protein levels in septic animals parallel mRNA levels and resolve by 48 h. Because CINC expression is induced by cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- alpha), we show, by immunohistochemistry, that sepsis elevates intrahepatic TNF-alpha. Finally, because the CINC promoter is transactivated by the transcription factor, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B), we determined that hepatic NF-kappa B DNA binding increases dramatically, peaking 16 h after cecal ligation and puncture. Thus activated NF-kappa B may mediate CINC induction in sepsis. This constellation of findings suggests a mechanism by which sepsis may induce neutrophil accumulation in the liver and may have implications regarding sepsis-induced hepatic dysfunction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document