scholarly journals PET Tracers for Clinical Imaging of Breast Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Peñuelas ◽  
Inés Domínguez-Prado ◽  
María J. García-Velloso ◽  
Josep M. Martí-Climent ◽  
Macarena Rodríguez-Fraile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Tumour Microenvironment ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Breast Cancer Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Transport Molecules ◽  
Metabolic Phenomena

Molecular imaging of breast cancer has undoubtedly permitted a substantial development of the overall diagnostic accuracy of this malignancy in the last years. Accurate tumour staging, design of individually suited therapies, response evaluation, early detection of recurrence and distant lesions have also evolved in parallel with the development of novel molecular imaging approaches. In this context, positron emission tomography (PET) can be probably seen as the most interesting molecular imaging technology with straightforward clinical application for such purposes. Dozens of radiotracers for PET imaging of breast cancer have been tested in laboratory animals. However, in this review we shall focus mainly in the smaller group of PET radiopharmaceuticals that have lead through into the clinical setting. PET imaging can be used to target general metabolic phenomena related to tumoural transformation, including glucose metabolism and cell proliferation, but can also be directed to specific hormone receptors that are characteristic of the breast cancer cell. Many other receptors and transport molecules present in the tumour cells could also be of interest for imaging. Furthermore, molecules related with the tumour microenvironment, tumour induced angiogenesis or even hypoxia could also be used as molecular biomarkers for breast cancer imaging.

scholarly journals Multi-mode biodegradable tumour-microenvironment sensitive nanoparticles for targeted breast cancer imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhui Nie ◽  
Ningbin Luo ◽  
Junjie Liu ◽  
Xinyi Zeng ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Imaging ◽  
Tumour Microenvironment ◽  
Breast Cancer Imaging ◽  
Multi Mode

scholarly journals Advances in Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy of Neuroendocrine Tumors

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3679
Author(s):  
Anna Yordanova ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Biersack ◽  
Hojjat Ahmadzadehfar
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Neuroendocrine Neoplasms ◽  
New Agents ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Tailored Approach ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Chemokine Receptor 4

Neuroendocrine neoplasms make up a heterogeneous group of tumors with inter-patient and intra-patient variabilities. Molecular imaging can help to identify and characterize neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Furthermore, imaging and treatment with novel theranostics agents offers a new, tailored approach to managing NETs. Recent advances in the management of NETs aim to enhance the effectiveness of targeted treatment with either modifications of known substances or the development of new substances with better targeting features. There have been several attempts to increase the detectability of NET lesions via positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and improvements in pretreatment planning using dosimetry. Especially notable is PET imaging with the radionuclide Copper-64. Increasing interest is also being paid to theranostics of grade 3 and purely differentiated NETs, for example, via targeting of the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). The aim of this review is to summarize the most relevant recent studies, which present promising new agents in molecular imaging and therapy for NETs, novel combination therapies and new applications of existing molecular imaging modalities in nuclear medicine.

Breast Imaging With Positron Emission Tomography and Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose: Use and Limitations

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 3495-3502 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Avril ◽  
C.A. Rosé ◽  
M. Schelling ◽  
J. Dose ◽  
W. Kuhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Breast Carcinomas ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
High Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Fluorine 18 Fluorodeoxyglucose

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of positron emission tomography (PET) using fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) for the diagnosis of primary breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Preoperatively, 144 patients with masses suggestive of breast cancer underwent PET imaging of the breast. To identify breast cancer by increased metabolic activity, parametric FDG-PET images were analyzed for increased tracer uptake applying conventional image reading (CIR) and sensitive image reading (SIR). One hundred eighty-five breast tumors were evaluated by histology, revealing 132 breast carcinomas and 53 benign masses. RESULTS: Breast carcinomas were identified with an overall sensitivity of 64.4% (CIR) and 80.3% (SIR). The increase in sensitivity (SIR) resulted in a noticeable decrease in specificity, from 94.3% (CIR) to 75.5% (SIR). At stage pT1, only 30 (68.2%) of 44 breast carcinomas were detected, compared with 57 (91.9%) of 62 at stage pT2. A higher percentage of invasive lobular carcinomas were false-negative (65.2%) compared with invasive ductal carcinomas (23.7%). Nevertheless, positive PET scans provided a high positive-predictive value (96.6%) for breast cancer. CONCLUSION: Partial volume effects and varying metabolic activity (dependent on tumor type) seem to represent the most significant limitations for the routine diagnostic application of PET. The number of invasive procedures is therefore unlikely to be significantly reduced by PET imaging in patients presenting with abnormal mammography. However, the high positive-predictive value, resulting from the increased metabolic activity of malignant tissue, may be used with carefully selected subsets of patients as well as to determine the extent of disease or to assess therapy response.

scholarly journals Preclinical Molecular Imaging for Precision Medicine in Breast Cancer Mouse Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Fiordelisi ◽  
L. Auletta ◽  
L. Meomartino ◽  
L. Basso ◽  
G. Fatone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Positron Emission

Precision and personalized medicine is gaining importance in modern clinical medicine, as it aims to improve diagnostic precision and to reduce consequent therapeutic failures. In this regard, prior to use in human trials, animal models can help evaluate novel imaging approaches and therapeutic strategies and can help discover new biomarkers. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide, accounting for 25% of cases of all cancers and is responsible for approximately 500,000 deaths per year. Thus, it is important to identify accurate biomarkers for precise stratification of affected patients and for early detection of responsiveness to the selected therapeutic protocol. This review aims to summarize the latest advancements in preclinical molecular imaging in breast cancer mouse models. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging remains one of the most common preclinical techniques used to evaluate biomarker expression in vivo, whereas magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), particularly diffusion-weighted (DW) sequences, has been demonstrated as capable of distinguishing responders from nonresponders for both conventional and innovative chemo- and immune-therapies with high sensitivity and in a noninvasive manner. The ability to customize therapies is desirable, as this will enable early detection of diseases and tailoring of treatments to individual patient profiles. Animal models remain irreplaceable in the effort to understand the molecular mechanisms and patterns of oncologic diseases.

scholarly journals Unparalleled and revolutionary impact of PET imaging on research and day to day practice of medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abass Alavi ◽  
Thomas J. Werner ◽  
Ewa Ł. Stępień ◽  
Pawel Moskal
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
The Body ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Practice Of Medicine ◽  
Pet Instrumentation ◽  
Total Body

Abstract Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is the most quantitative modality for assessing disease activity at the molecular and cellular levels, and therefore, it allows monitoring its course and determining the efficacy of various therapeutic interventions. In this scientific communication, we describe the unparalleled and revolutionary impact of PET imaging on research and day to day practice of medicine. We emphasize the critical importance of the development and synthesis of novel radiotracers (starting from the enormous impact of F-Fluorodeouxyglucose (FDG) introduced by investigators at the University of Pennsylvania (PENN)) and PET instrumentation. These innovations have led to the total-body PET systems enabling dynamic and parametric molecular imaging of all organs in the body simultaneously. We also present our perspectives for future development of molecular imaging by multiphoton PET systems that will enable users to extract substantial information (owing to the evolving role of positronium imaging) about the related molecular and biological bases of various disorders, which are unachievable by the current PET imaging techniques.

scholarly journals Molecular imaging-guided repair after acute myocardial infarction by targeting the chemokine receptor CXCR4

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (37) ◽  
pp. 3564-3575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Hess ◽  
Thorsten Derlin ◽  
Tobias Koenig ◽  
Johanna Diekmann ◽  
Alexander Wittneben ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Cxcr4 Expression ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission

Abstract Aims  Balance between inflammatory and reparative leucocytes allows optimal healing after myocardial infarction (MI). Interindividual heterogeneity evokes variable functional outcome complicating targeted therapy. We aimed to characterize infarct chemokine CXC-motif receptor 4 (CXCR4) expression using positron emission tomography (PET) and establish its relationship to cardiac outcome. We tested whether image-guided early CXCR4 directed therapy attenuates chronic dysfunction. Methods and results  Mice (n = 180) underwent coronary ligation or sham surgery and serial PET imaging over 7 days. Infarct CXCR4 content was elevated over 3 days after MI compared with sham (%ID/g, Day 1:1.1 ± 0.2; Day 3:0.9 ± 0.2 vs. 0.6 ± 0.1, P < 0.001), confirmed by flow cytometry and histopathology. Mice that died of left ventricle (LV) rupture exhibited persistent inflammation at 3 days compared with survivors (1.2 ± 0.3 vs. 0.9 ± 0.2% ID/g, P < 0.001). Cardiac magnetic resonance measured cardiac function. Higher CXCR4 signal at 1 and 3 days independently predicted worse functional outcome at 6 weeks (rpartial = −0.4, P = 0.04). Mice were treated with CXCR4 blocker AMD3100 following the imaging timecourse. On-peak CXCR4 blockade at 3 days lowered LV rupture incidence vs. untreated MI (8% vs. 25%), and improved contractile function at 6 weeks (+24%, P = 0.01). Off-peak CXCR4 blockade at 7 days did not improve outcome. Flow cytometry analysis revealed lower LV neutrophil and Ly6Chigh monocyte content after on-peak treatment. Patients (n = 50) early after MI underwent CXCR4 PET imaging and functional assessment. Infarct CXCR4 expression in acute MI patients correlated with contractile function at time of PET and on follow-up. Conclusion  Positron emission tomography imaging identifies early CXCR4 up-regulation which predicts acute rupture and chronic contractile dysfunction. Imaging-guided CXCR4 inhibition accelerates inflammatory resolution and improves outcome. This supports a molecular imaging-based theranostic approach to guide therapy after MI.

scholarly journals Peptide Based Imaging Agents for HER2 Imaging in Oncology

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 153601212096025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell Ducharme ◽  
Suzanne E. Lapi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Her2 Status ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Imaging Probes

Breast cancer continues to be the most lethal cancer type in women and one of the most diagnosed. Understanding Breast cancer receptor status is one of the most vital processes for determining treatment options. One type of breast cancer, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive, has approved receptor-based therapies including trastuzumab and pertuzumab that can significantly increase the likelihood of survival. Current methods to determine HER2 status include biopsies with immunohistochemical staining and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization. However, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging techniques using 89Zr-trastuzumab or 89Zr-pertuzumab are currently in clinical trials for a non-invasive, full body diagnostic approach. Although the antibodies have strong specificity to the HER2 positive lesions, challenges involving long post-injection time for imaging due to the blood circulation of the antibodies and matching of long-live isotopes leading to increased dose to the patient leave opportunities for alternative PET imaging probes. Peptides have been shown to allow for shorter injection-to-imaging time and can be used with shorter lived isotopes. HER2 specific peptides under development will help improve the diagnosis and potentially therapy options for HER2 positive breast cancer. Peptides showing specificity for HER2 could start widespread development of molecular imaging techniques for HER2 positive cancers.

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