scholarly journals The Effects of Hypertension on Cognitive Function in Children and Adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen D. Cha ◽  
Hiren P. Patel ◽  
David S. Hains ◽  
John D. Mahan
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive Effects ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
End Organ Damage ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Hypertension (HTN) is found in about 3-4% of the pediatric population with long-term risks of end organ damage if untreated or poorly controlled. Although children with HTN are being more frequently screened for end organ damage (i.e., LVH), the cognitive effects of HTN and methods to screen for cognitive dysfunction have not been extensively explored. In recent years, there have been a small number of studies that have provided important insights that can guide future research in this area. These studies show that HTN can be associated with headaches, restlessness, sleep disturbance, anxiety, depression, decreased attention, and also poor executive functioning. By increasing the utilization of cognitive tests in hypertensive children and adolescents, important cognitive defects secondary to HTN may be detected. More research is needed in the area, and the results of future studies could have far reaching implications for long-term outcomes in hypertensive children and adolescents.

Physiotherapy management of patients with major chest trauma: Results from a global survey

Trauma ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heleen van Aswegen ◽  
Julie Reeve ◽  
Lisa Beach ◽  
Romy Parker ◽  
Monika Fagevik Olsèn
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Chest Trauma ◽  
Trauma Team ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Surgical Fixation ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Ventilatory Management

Aim Major chest trauma is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Management of patients with major chest trauma includes pain relief, ventilatory management, surgical fixation and early rehabilitation to improve both short- and long-term outcomes. Physiotherapy is widely considered an integral component of the multidisciplinary trauma team and aims to improve respiratory status and reduce the sequelae associated with immobility and reduced physical function. Despite this there is scarce evidence describing or investigating physiotherapy interventions and how these practices vary worldwide. The aim of this study was to ascertain the current physiotherapy management of patients having sustained major chest trauma and to investigate how such practices varied internationally. Methods A purpose designed online survey was administered to a group of experienced physiotherapists who work in the field of trauma. Results Response rate was 51% ( n = 49) and respondents represented all five continents. Respondents reported focussing on active coughing ( n = 46, 96%, r = 0.5, p = 0.98), body positioning ( n = 43, 94%, r = 0.7, p = 0.41), deep breathing exercises ( n = 44, 94%, r = 0.8, p = 0.66) and early mobilisation ( n = 47, 98%, r = 1, p = 0.64). Ambulation in hospital was reported to be common ( n = 46, 98%, r = 0.2, p = 0.99) but rehabilitation to address longer term sequelae following hospital discharge was reported to be rare ( n = 4, 8%). Conclusion This survey has highlighted those practices used by physiotherapists worldwide which aim to address the complications associated with major chest trauma. Having established global practice, the study provides a platform for future research investigating the efficacy of such interventions in improving both short- and long-term outcomes for patients following major chest injury.

Evidence-Based Cognitive Rehabilitation for People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 7512520385p1-7512520385p1
Author(s):  
Yu-Chih Chen ◽  
Szu-Wei Chen ◽  
Britney Ferri
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
Computer Based

Abstract Date Presented 04/22/21 Computer-based programs, conventional cognitive rehabilitation, neurologic music therapy, and noninvasive brain stimulation are effective in improving memory and learning, processing speed, language, executive function, or general cognitive skills. However, the retention of treatment effects and the generalizability of the cognitive improvement to the daily occupations are not clear. Including a predetermined single outcome, functional and long-term outcomes are needed in future studies. Primary Author and Speaker: Yu-Chih Chen Contributing Authors: Nicole Gerhardt, Christina Calhoun Thielen, Winnie Dunn, and Mary Jane Mulcahey

Long‐term outcomes for children and adolescents with Kaposi sarcoma

HIV Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Silverstein ◽  
William Kamiyango ◽  
Jimmy Villiera ◽  
Erin C. Peckham‐Gregory ◽  
Casey L. McAtee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Outcomes For Children

Long-Term Outcomes in Pockets of Effectiveness

2020 ◽  
pp. 187-201
Author(s):  
Erin Metz McDonnell
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Organizational Reform ◽  
Future Outcomes

This chapter describes what happened to the positive cases in this study over the longer term. By examining the outcomes observed in the selected cases, the chapter sheds some speculative light on whether the bureaucratic ethos can survive the departure of the niche founder, and sketches a range of possible outcomes for whether niches can scale up or possibly even diffuse more broadly. However, because the cases studied so far in this work have been selected instead of being randomly sampled, they cannot definitively show what will happen or even what is likely to happen as pockets of effectiveness within the state mature. They do however, sketch a range of future outcomes that are possible, laying a foundation for future research to analyze the conditions under which particular long-term outcomes do or do not emerge. The cases collectively illuminate some of the promise and pitfalls of interstitiality as a force for organizational reform more broadly throughout the state.

Long-Term Effects of Sports Concussions: Bridging the Neurocognitive Repercussions of the Injury with the Newest Neuroimaging Data

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke C. Henry ◽  
Sebastien Tremblay ◽  
Louis De Beaumont
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Neuroimaging Data ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Sports Concussions

Little is known of the long-term effects of sports-related concussion. Within the scientific literature, conclusions vary substantially where some work suggests there are no long-term consequences at all and other studies show rampant neurodegeneration thought to be caused by sometimes even a single concussive blow to the head. There is growing evidence that supports multiple long-term outcomes, showing both subclinical and clinically relevant changes in the brains of athletes, young and old alike. This article reviews the pathohistology of cerebral concussions and examines the extant literature with a focus on electrophysiological and neuroimaging findings. Neurobehavioral and neurocognitive changes are also reviewed, particularly as they are related to chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Lacunae within the literature are explored, and future research directions are proposed.

scholarly journals Perioperative Factors Influence the Long-Term Outcomes of Children and Adolescents with Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1433-1439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mercer-Rosa ◽  
Xuemei Zhang ◽  
Ronn E. Tanel ◽  
Jack Rychik ◽  
Mark A. Fogel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Repaired Tetralogy Of Fallot

scholarly journals Long-Term Outcome of Reattached Tooth Fragment in Permanent Anterior Teeth of Children and Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Hoyeon Kang ◽  
Yongkwon Chae ◽  
Koeun Lee ◽  
Hyo-seol Lee ◽  
Sungchul Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pulp Treatment

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of teeth treated with reattachment technique in children and adolescents. Twenty seven permanent anterior teeth from 21 patients treated with fragment reattachment were evaluated. Clinical photos and medical records were used to assess treatment outcomes. Effect of pulp treatment and the ratio of fragment on success rate were statistically analyzed. Detachment of fragment was observed in 17 teeth, and their duration of retention was 21.41 ± 23.39 months. Repeated trauma was found to be the most frequent causes of failure. Pulp treatment before reattachment did not affect the success rate (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The mean ratio of fragment was 0.482 ± 0.147, and the success rate was affected by the ratio of fragment (<i>p</i> = 0.018). The median retention time of the teeth was 72 months if the ratio was under 0.5, and 8 months for that of the others. A significant correlation was found between the ratio of fragment and retention time (<i>p</i> = 0.003). Reattachment can be a predictable treatment option for crown fracture in anterior teeth in children and adolescents when a fracture involves less than 50% of the clinical crown.

scholarly journals Sex-Specific Clinical Characteristics and Long-Term Outcomes in Patients With Myocardial Infarction With Non-obstructive Coronary Arteries

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Side Gao ◽  
Wenjian Ma ◽  
Sizhuang Huang ◽  
Xuze Lin ◽  
Mengyue Yu
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Kaplan Meier

Background: Sex differences in clinical profiles and prognosis after acute myocardial infarction have been addressed for decades. However, the sex-based disparities among patients with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) remain largely unreported. Here, we investigated sex-specific characteristics and long-term outcomes in MINOCA population.Methods: A total of 1,179 MINOCA patients were enrolled, including 867 men and 312 women. The mean follow-up was 41.7 months. The primary endpoint was a composite of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including all-cause death, non-fatal reinfarction, revascularization, non-fatal stroke, and hospitalization for unstable angina or heart failure. Baseline data and outcomes were compared. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analyses were used to identify association between sex and prognosis.Results: Female patients with MINOCA had more risk profiles with regard to older age and higher prevalence of hypertension and diabetes compared with men. The evidence-based medical treatment was similar in men and women. The incidence of MACE (men vs. women: 13.8 vs. 15.3%, p = 0.504) did not differ significantly between the sexes. The Kaplan-Meier analysis also indicated that women had a similar incidence of MACE compared to men (log rank p = 0.385). After multivariate adjustment, female sex was not associated with the risk of MACE in overall (adjusted hazard ratio 1.02, 95% confidence interval: 0.72–1.44, p = 0.916) and in subgroups of MINOCA patients.Conclusion: The long-term outcomes were similar for men and women presenting with MINOCA despite older age and more comorbidities in women. Future research should aim to improve in-hospital and post-discharge care for both sexes with MINOCA.

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