scholarly journals Experience of Initial Symptoms of Breast Cancer and Triggers for Action in Ethiopia

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy D. Dye ◽  
Solomon Bogale ◽  
Claire Hobden ◽  
Yared Tilahun ◽  
Teshome Deressa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Medical Advice ◽  
First Year ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Initial Symptoms ◽  
Addis Ababa University ◽  
Cancer Experience

Objective. This study assessed the initial experiences, symptoms, and actions of patients in Ethiopia ultimately determined to have breast cancer.Methods. 69 participants in a comprehensive breast cancer treatment program at the main national cancer hospital in Ethiopia were interviewed using mixed qualitative and quantitative approaches. Participants’ narratives of their initial cancer experience were coded and analyzed for themes around their symptoms, time to seeking advice, triggers for action, and contextual factors. The assessment was approved by the Addis Ababa University Faculty of Medicine Institutional Review Board.Results. Nearly all women first noticed lumps, though few sought medical advice within the first year (average time to action: 1.5 years). Eventually, changes in their symptoms motivated most participants to seek advice. Most participants did not think the initial lump would be cancer, nor was a lump of any particular concern until symptoms changed.Conclusion. Given the frequency with which lumps are the first symptom noticed, raising awareness among participants that lumps should trigger medical consultation could contribute significantly to more rapid medical advice-seeking among women in Ethiopia. Primary care sites should be trained and equipped to offer evaluation of lumps so that women can be referred appropriately for assessment if needed.

scholarly journals Language Anxiety and Achievement among First Year Students of Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekau Atnafu Taye
Keyword(s):  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
First Year ◽  
Inferential Statistics ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Addis Ababa University ◽  
Curvilinear Relationships ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Made In

AbstractThe objectives of this study are to measure levels of students’ anxiety and to see whether anxiety affects academic their performance. The participants of the study were drawn from the Department of Foreign Languages and Literature at Addis Ababa University (AAU). The study used primary and secondary data and descriptive and inferential statistics. The inferential statistics was made in terms of one-way ANOVA. The results of the study showed that freshman students were anxious, and the level of anxiety affected the performance of the students. It was also found that anxiety and achievement have curvilinear relationships. Ameliorating strategies implied from the findings were also suggested

Breast cancer associated with pregnancy: a clinical case

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
Yu E Dobrokhotova ◽  
S E Arakelov ◽  
S Zh Danelyan ◽  
E I Borovkova ◽  
A E Zykov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
First Year ◽  
Total Mastectomy ◽  
First Time

Associated with pregnancy is breast cancer, which was first detected during pregnancy, during the first year after childbirth or at any time against lactation. Diagnosis of the disease in the first trimester is an indication for abortion. The detection of the disease after 20 weeks and the desire of the woman to maintain pregnancy is the basis for conducting a total mastectomy followed by polychemotherapy with doxorubicin with cyclophosphamide or with fluorouracil. Radiation therapy during pregnancy is not applied. The timing and method of delivery are determined individually and depend on the stage of the process and the period of pregnancy, when it was identified. A clinical case of a patient with edematous-infiltrative form of breast cancer of the IV stage, diagnosed for the first time in 22 weeks of pregnancy, is presented.

Surgical management of breast cancer: Experience of the Central Sydney Area Health Service Breast X‐ray Programme, 1988‐1991

1994 ◽  
Vol 160 (10) ◽  
pp. 617-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard I Harrison ◽  
David C Glenn ◽  
Frederick W Niesche ◽  
William G Patrick ◽  
George Ramsey‐Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Area Health Service ◽  
Cancer Experience ◽  
Area Health

scholarly journals An international mixed methods study to develop a new preference-based measure for women with breast cancer: the BREAST-Q Utility module

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manraj N. Kaur ◽  
Anne F. Klassen ◽  
Feng Xie ◽  
Louise Bordeleau ◽  
Toni Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Image Appearance ◽  
Test Version ◽  
Cancer Experience

Abstract Background Generic preference-based measures (PBM), though commonly used, may not be optimal for use in economic evaluations of breast cancer interventions. No breast cancer-specific PBM currently exists, and the generic PBMs fail to capture the unique concerns of women with breast cancer (e.g., body image, appearance, treatment-specific adverse effects). Hence, the objective of this study was to develop a breast cancer-specific PBM, the BREAST-Q Utility module. Methods Women diagnosed with breast cancer (stage 0–4, any treatment) were recruited from two tertiary hospitals in Canada and one in the US. The study followed an exploratory sequential mixed methods approach, whereby semi-structured interviews were conducted and at the end of the interview, participants were asked to list their top five health-related quality of life (HRQOL) concerns and to rate the importance of each item on the BREAST-Q. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded. Constant comparison was used to refine the codes and develop a conceptual framework. Qualitative and quantitative data were triangulated to develop the content of the Utility module  that was refined through 2 rounds of cognitive debriefing interviews with women diagnosed with breast cancer and feedback from experts. Results Interviews were conducted with 57 women aged 55 ± 10 years. A conceptual framework was developed from 3948 unique codes specific to breasts, arms, abdomen, and cancer experience. Five top-level domains were HRQOL (i.e., physical, psychological, social, and sexual well-being) and appearance. Data from the interviews, top 5 HRQOL concerns, and BREAST-Q item ratings were used to inform dimensions for inclusion in the Utility module. Feedback from women with breast cancer (N = 9) and a multidisciplinary group of experts (N = 27) was used to refine the module. The field-test version of the HSCS consists of 10 unique dimensions. Each dimension is measured with 1 or 2 candidate items that have 4–5 response levels each. Conclusion The field-test version of the BREAST-Q Utility module was derived from extensive patient and expert input. This comprehensive approach ensured that the content of the Utility module is relevant, comprehensive, and includes concerns that matter the most to women with breast cancer.

Resource use and costs associated with different states of breast cancer

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Lidgren ◽  
Nils Wilking ◽  
Bengt Jönsson ◽  
Clas Rehnberg
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Indirect Cost ◽  
Informal Care ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Primary Breast Cancer ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Patient Questionnaire ◽  
First Year ◽  
Medical Resource ◽  
Total Cost

Objectives: This study investigated the direct medical resource use and cost, informal care cost, and indirect cost associated with breast cancer in different states of the disease in normal clinical practice.Methods: A retrospective database analysis was used to estimate direct medical resource use and cost, and a patient questionnaire was used to evaluate informal care and work capacity in different states of breast cancer.Results: For patients younger than 65 years of age, the first year after a primary diagnosis total cost amounted to 280,000 SEK ($39,000) and the first year after a local or contralateral recurrence total cost was 351,000 SEK ($48,900). The second and following years after primary breast cancer or recurrence had substantially lower total cost, amounting to 94,000 SEK ($13,000). For patients with metastatic disease, the annual total cost was estimated to 334,000 SEK ($46,500). For patients older than 65 years of age, the total cost for the first year after a primary diagnosis amounted to 80,000 SEK ($11,200) and the total cost for the first year after a local or contralateral recurrence was 92,000 SEK ($12,900). The total cost for the second and following years after primary breast cancer or recurrence was estimated to 18,000 SEK ($2,600), and the total annual cost for patients with metastatic was 122,000 SEK ($17,000).Conclusions: Both direct medical costs and indirect cost vary substantially between disease states. For patients under 65 year of age, indirect costs accounted for more than 50 percent of the total cost.

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