scholarly journals Study and Determination of As, Cr, and Pb in Amaranth Seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elba Graciela Aguilar ◽  
Miguel Angel Cantarelli ◽  
Eduardo Jorge Marchevsky ◽  
Nora Lilian Escudero ◽  
José Manuel Camiña
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Standard Addition ◽  
Error Recovery ◽  
Atomic Spectroscopy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Amaranth Species ◽  
Health Organization

The concentration of As, Cr, and Pb toxic elements was determined in three species of amaranth seeds:A. hypochondriacus,A. cruentus, andA. dubius. The determinations were carried out by inductively coupled plasma optical atomic spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The result shows that Cr and As were found in minor concentrations than allowed by the World Health Organization (WHO; 120 and 4 mg kg−1resp.); As (mg kg−1):A. dubius(0.76)A. cruentus(<0.50) andA. hypochondriacus(<0.50); Cr (mg kg−1):A. dubius(8.19)A. cruentus(1.15) andA. hypochondriacus(1.20). However, the concentration of Pb was high:A. dubius(19.04)A. cruentus(30.20) andA. hypochondriacus(35.56) more than the maximum of WHO (10 mg kg−1). To avoid systematic error, recovery and validation studies were performed: recovery test: 102.3%; validation (by standard addition): 96.0–103.1%. Due to the fact that amaranth had been proposed as new food due to its nutraceutical properties, the high concentration of Pb found in this study indicates that Pb should be evaluated in these amaranth species to avoid the intake of toxic element by human beings.

Arsenic-hypertolerant and arsenic-reducing bacteria isolated from wells in Tucumán, Argentina

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 876-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Maizel ◽  
Pilar Balverdi ◽  
Barry Rosen ◽  
Adriana M. Sales ◽  
Marcela A. Ferrero
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
High Performance ◽  
World Health ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Major Anions ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
The Village

Arsenic-hypertolerant bacteria were isolated from arsenic-contaminated well water from the village of Los Pereyra in Tucumán province, Argentina. Microorganisms that biotransform arsenic are a major factor in arsenic mobilization in contaminated aquifers. Groundwater analyses showed a level of arsenic contamination (mean concentration of 978 μg·L−1) that exceeds the safe drinking water limit of 10 μg·L−1recommended by the World Health Organization and the Argentine Food Code. There was considerable spatial variability in the concentration of arsenic in each of the wells analyzed and in the distribution of the major anions HCO3–, SO42–, and Cl–. Eighteen bacterial strains were characterized. Six strains belonging to the Actinobacteria phylum were able to grow in media with 20 mmol·L–1As(III) or 200 mmol·L–1As(V) and were also highly resistant to Cr, Cd, and Cu. Their ability to biotransform arsenic was examined by speciation of the products by high-performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. In addition, two strains, Brevibacterium sp. strain AE038-4 and Microbacterium sp. strain AE038-20, were capable of aerobic arsenate reduction, which suggests that these strains could increase the mobility of arsenic by formation of more mobile As(III).

scholarly journals A Case Study of Heavy Metal Pollution in Water of Bone River by Artisanal Small-Scale Gold Mine Activities in Eastern Part of Gorontalo, Indonesia

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurfitri Gafur ◽  
Masayuki Sakakibara ◽  
Sakae Sano ◽  
Koichiro Sera
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
World Health ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Gold Mine ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Safe Limits ◽  
Health Organization

Bone River, which is located in the eastern part of Gorontalo, Indonesia, has an issue of contamination by heavy metals due to artisanal small-scale gold mine (ASGM) activities. This river is used as a source of water by inhabitants living along the river, due to the lack of another clean water supply. The purpose of this study is to investigate the concentration of As from the mining site alongside Bone River, and to reveal the As pollution source. Water and sediment samples were collected from ASGM and along Bone River to the delta. The concentrations of As, Hg, and Pb in water samples were identified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP–MS), while concentrations in sediment samples were determined by particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE). Results showed that the concentrations of As, Hg, and Pb in water ranged from 66 to 82,500 µg/L, 17 to 2080 µg/L, and 11 to 1670 µg/L, respectively. These levels exceeded, by 1000 to 10,000 times, the safe limits of drinking water defined by the World Health Organization, which indicated that Bone River water is not safe for drinking or cooking purposes.

scholarly journals Determination of Nickel and Cadmium in Freshwater Fishes at Sungai Kuantan, Sungai Riau And Sungai Pinang

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1S) ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
Wan Marlin Rohalin ◽  
Nadzifah Yaakub
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Determination Of Nickel ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Health Organization

Heavy metal exhibit toxic and persistent characteristics, can enter into the food chains and the ecosystem where they cause adverse impact on the biotic and abiotic components of ecosystem. Heavy metal pollution in Malaysia has become a major health concern for humans. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the level of cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) in the muscle and gill of fishes collected from the Sungai Kuantan and Sungai Riau. Field sampling was conducted between September and December 2017. Five different species of fishes: Barbonymus gonionotus (Lampam Jawa), B. schwanenfeldii( Lampam Sungai), Hampala macrolepidota(Sebarau), Chitala chitala (Belida), and Hemibagrus nemurus(Baung) were digested by using acid digestion method and analysed with Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS). Concentration of Cd among species were in order of: H. macrolepidota >B.gonionotus> B. schwanenfeldii> C.chitala> H.nemurus, whereas Ni level in fishes were: C. chitala> H. macrolepidota> B. gonionotus> H. nemurus> B. schwanenfeldii. Among all the species, H. macrolepidota from Sungai Kuantan had the highest Cd in both muscle (0.1761±0.0062¬mg/kg) and gills (0.2938±0.0066mg/kg) whereas the highest Ni level in muscle was noted in C. chitala from Sungai Kuantan with (0.1473±0.0755 mg/kg) and in gills of B.gonionotus (0.4544±0.0470mg/kg) from the same river respectively. It was obtained that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) of Cd in muscle between species. Ni concentration in fishes was below the permissible limit stipulated by World Health Organizations WHO (1985) and Food and Agriculture Organizations (2012) but the concentration of Cd was recorded high. However, it was still below the World Health Organization (WHO) 1985 and Malaysian Food Act (MFA) 1983.

scholarly journals The Hazard Content of Cadmium, Lead, and Other Trace Elements in Some Medicinal Herbs and Their Water Infusions

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuad A. Ababneh
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
World Health ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Health Organization

54 samples belonging to 23 herbal species (15 individuals and 8 mixtures) were analyzed for their contents of heavy metals in the raw materials and in their water infusions. Trace and toxic elements in these samples were determined by using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) following acid digestion. The order of decreasing mean metal concentrations in raw materials (mg/kg) was found to be as follows: Fe (440) > Mn (162) > Zn (45.8) > Cu (12) > Pb (10.4) > Ni (5.4) > Cr (2.9) > Co (0.91) > Cd (0.5). It was found that 21% of the analyzed samples contain both Cd and Pb above their permissible limits. However, the infusions produced from these plants were found to contain fewer amounts of metals than the raw materials. Studied metals had the following mass transfer percentages to the infusion solutions (Fe: 3.5%, Cd: 14%, Cr: 15%, Pb: 20%, Co: 29%, Ni: 31%, Zn: 36%, Cu: 48%, and Mn: 53%). The estimated daily intake calculated for the toxic elements Pb and Cd through the consumption of herbal infusions was far below the tolerable daily intake set by the World Health Organization (WHO).

scholarly journals Exposure of Macrophages to Low-Dose Gadolinium-Based Contrast Medium: Impact on Oxidative Stress and Cytokines Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Te-I Weng ◽  
Huang Jen Chen ◽  
Chen-Wen Lu ◽  
Yu-Chin Ho ◽  
Jia-Lun Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Human Macrophage ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Gadolinium Retention ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate

The toxicity of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) has drawn a lot of attention. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF), a lethal disease related to the use of GBCAs, is still not understood. Recently, gadolinium retention is found in brain tissues after repeated use of GBCAs in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, most of the works investigating the toxicity of GBCAs are focusing on its high-concentration (0.5–10 mM) part, which is not reflective of the physiological conditions in human beings. Macrophages play a regulatory role in immune responses and are responsible for the fibrosis process. Their role in gadolinium retention and the pathogenesis of NSF, however, has seldom been investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the immune response generated by macrophages (RAW 264.7) exposing to low levels of GBCAs. The incubation concentration of GBCAs, including Omniscan®, Primovist®, Magnevist®, and Gadovist®, is proportional to the level of gadolinium uptake when detected via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and imaged by MRI, whereas Primovist® treatment groups have highest gadolinium uptake among all of the tested concentrations. Low-concentration (2.5 μmol/L) Gd chloride or GBCAs exposure promoted the reactive production of oxygen species (ROS), nitrate/nitrite, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and suppressed the potential of mitochondrial membrane. There was higher ROS, nitrate/nitrite, and PGE2 production in the Primovist®, Omniscan®, and Magnevist® groups compared to the Gadovist® group. In face of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, Primovist®, Omniscan®, and Magnevist® groups exhibited elevated nitrite/nitrate and suppressed IL-1β secretion and IL-6 and IL-10 secretion. Moreover, upon LPS stimulation, there is decreased TNF-α secretion 4 hours after Primovist® or Omiscan® exposure but the TNF-α secretion increased at 24 hours. Our data suggest that there is upregulated inflammation even in the presence of low levels of GBCAs, even similar to the physiological condition in murine macrophage. Further investigation of GBCAs on the human macrophage or in vivo animal study may clarify the role of macrophage on the pathogenesis of NSF and other GBCAs-related disease.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variations of Lead and Chromium Concentrations in the Water Samples From Yamuna River in Delhi, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Mahipal Singh Sankhla ◽  
◽  
Rajeev Kumar ◽  
Lalit Prasad ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
World Health ◽  
Yamuna River ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Holy Water ◽  
Health Organization

Background: According to Hindu mythology, Yamuna River plays an impotent role as a holy water resource in Delhi, India. The lead and chromium concentrations were determined from the water samples collected from five different locations around this river in Delhi area. The contaminated water from this river is mostly used for drinking, agriculture, aquaculture, and storage as a holy water. Methods: The seasonal variations of heavy metal concentrations in the water samples collected from Yamuna river were determined for the summer, monsoon and winter supplies, using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Results: In the summer water samples, we found greater concentrations of both heavy metals than those for the monsoon season. The concentrations of lead and chromium in the water samples were higher than the permissible limits recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). The water quality was not safe for drinking, cleaning and agriculture, nor for the aquatic animals, such as fish, amphibians and others. Conclusion: The condition of the water in Yamuna river is of great health concerns. Therefore, it is vital to take necessary actions to decontaminate the water from this river, and to draw effective strategies to minimize or prevent the current and future contaminations added to this important water resource in India.

scholarly journals MINERAL COMPOSITION OF PLANT EXTRACTS FROM THE FAMILY BORAGINACEAE

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Bošković ◽  
Dragutin Đukić ◽  
Pavle Mašković ◽  
Leka Mandić ◽  
Svetlana Perović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
World Health ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Anchusa Officinalis

The mineral composition of plant extracts from the Boraginaceae family was examined in this paper.The research includes the plants: Anchusa officinalis L., Echium vulgare L. and Echium italicum L.Content analysis of the elements was done using inductively coupled plasma with a massspectrophotometer. The results of the study showed that the extracts tested are rich in mineralcomposition, while the concentration of toxic elements is below the corresponding limit maximumpermitted concentration according to the recommendation of the World Health Organization.

scholarly journals Honey from Stingless Bee as Indicator of Contamination with Metals

Sociobiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreia Santos do Nascimento ◽  
Emerson Dechechi Chambó ◽  
Daiane De Jesus Oliveira ◽  
Brunelle Ramos Andrade ◽  
Josemario Santana Bonsucesso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
World Health ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Health Organization

Melipona scutellaris (Apidae, Meliponini) is one of the main species of stingless bees used in beekeeping in the Northeast of Brazil. We examined the honey from M. scutellaris as an indicator to evaluate the levels of metals at sampling sites subject to a broad spectrum of environmental pollutants. The collections were carried out in the urban-industrial area of Salvador, Bahia and the metropolitan region. Samples (n= 58) were submitted to the nitroperchloric digestion procedure. We used the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry technique (ICP OES) to determine the concentration of metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the samples. The studied metals were detected among the samples, which presented tolerable levels according to current Brazilian legislation and recommendations from the World Health Organization (WHO), except for Cr, which presented mean values higher than the threshold for all sampling sites. The detection of the analyzed metals indicates that the honey of M. scutellaris is a useful tool to evaluate the presence of environmental contaminants; therefore, it can be considered a good indicator of environmental contamination for monitoring a particular region and preventing issues due to the release of metals into the environment.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Accumulation at the Bertam Agricultural Watershed in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.35) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Haron S.H ◽  
Ismail S ◽  
Sidek L.M
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
World Health ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Health Organization

The existence of heavy metals residues in water, soil and air poses a serious risk to all living organisms. Heavy metals, such as Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, and Hg, are major sources of environmental pollution, especially in areas with high anthropogenic and agriculture activities. The objective of this study is to determine the status of heavy metal concentrations of Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Fe in the water bodies of Bertam River, which passes through agricultural areas. The water samples were collected randomly in three replicates from 10 sampling points along the Bertam River. The heavy metals in the water were extracted by using filter paper with a pore size of 0.45 mm. The extracted water sample was preserved by adding nitric acid (pH <2). Sample concentrations were then tested for metal concentrations using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. In this study, the highest mean concentration was Fe (96.04 ± 90.43 ppb), followed by Zn (5.68 ± 0.2.34 ppb), Cu (5.13 ± 2.98 ppb), Cr (1.53 ± 0.19 ppb), Ni (0.85 ± 0.22 ppb), Pb (0.85 ± 1.61 ppb), and Cd (0.027 ± 0.02 ppb), where Fe> Zn> Cu> Pb> Cr> Ni> Cd. However, the concentrations of selected heavy metals in the water samples were below the standards recommended by the World Health Organization.

ANALYSIS OF LEAD AND CADMIUM IN SELECTE D INDIAN AYURVEDIC MEDICINES BY ICP-AES

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (04) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
A Pande ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
World Health ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Metal Poisoning ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Health Organization

Herbal drugs used in treatment of diabetes, require long-term usage and the patient might be at risk of heavy metal poisoning. This study has been conducted to determine the concentration of heavy metals Pb and Cd in ten (10) commonly used anti-diabetic medicines of different brands. 6 out of 10 medicines were purchased from different medical stores in Mumbai and the other four were purchased from online ayurvedic medicine selling store, Rajasthan. The samples were digested using microwave digester and finally analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma- Atomic Emission Spectroscopy. The results revealed the concentration of cadmium in the range of 0.061 to 18731.940 ppm. The concentration of lead was detected which ranged from 0.37 to 1965172.97 ppm. Pb and Cd concentration levels in most of the medicines were higher than the maximum permissible limit as found, on their comparison with the safety standards given by World Health Organization (WHO). Based on the results obtained in the present work, it is concluded that the present technique is suitable for the determination of heavy metals concentration in anti-diabetic granules and tablets at the ppb level.

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