scholarly journals Dynamic Properties and Fatigue Life of Stone Mastic Asphalt Mixtures Reinforced with Waste Tyre Rubber

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuha Salim Mashaan ◽  
Asim H. Ali ◽  
Suhana Koting ◽  
Mohamed Rehan Karim
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Stiffness Modulus ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Waste Tyre ◽  
Waste Polymer

Today, virgin polymer modified asphalt mixes are comparatively more expensive for road pavement. One way to reduce the expense of such construction and to make it more convenient is the application of inexpensive polymer, such as waste polymer. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the effect of adding waste tyre rubber (crumb rubber modifier (CRM)) on the stiffness and fatigue properties of stone mastic asphalt (SMA) mixtures. Various percentages of waste CRM with size of 0.60 mm were added to SMA mixtures. Indirect tensile stiffness modulus test was conducted at temperatures of 5, 25, and 40°C. Indirect tensile fatigue test was conducted at three different stress levels (2000, 2500, and 3000 N). The results show that the stiffness modulus of reinforced SMA samples containing various contents of CRM is significantly high in comparison with that of nonreinforced samples, and the stiffness modulus of reinforced samples is in fact less severely affected by the increased temperature compared to the nonreinforced samples. Further, the results show that CRM reinforced SMA mixtures exhibit significantly higher fatigue lives compared to the nonreinforced mixtures help in and promotion of sustainable technology by recycling of waste materials in much economical and environmental-friendly manner.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF GRAPHITE ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF STONE MASTIC ASPHALT PAVEMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1013-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baha Vural KÖK ◽  
Mehmet YILMAZ ◽  
Yunus ERKUS
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Stiffness Modulus ◽  
Bituminous Mixtures ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Marshall Stability

Hot mix asphalt needs to be developed to resist particular permanent deformations like rutting and thermal cracking due to increased traffic volumes and vehicle loads. Additives such as carbon black, graphite, carbon fibers are used in the mixture or the binder for improving the mechanical features of asphalt. In this article, the effects of graphite used for developing the mechanical properties of asphalt have been investigated in mixtures tests. Therefore, Marshall stability, indirect tensile stiffness modulus and indirect tensile fatigue tests were performed to bituminous mixtures modified with three different proportions of graphite by weight of bitumen. Stone mastic asphalt mixtures which were manufactured with pure and modified bitumen were aged in different time intervals in the oven. In conclusion, it has defined that Marshall stability values have declined. It has been determined that there is no significant difference in the time-dependent deformation behavior of the original and aged samples in pure and different graphite content although the stiffness modulus and load repeat number of the samples increased with the rise of the aging time. These results shown that graphite generally used for improving the thermal properties in literature were also determined to contribute to mechanical properties of mixtures.

scholarly journals Effect of Addition of Rubber Granulate and Type of Modified Binder on the Viscoelastic Properties of Stone Mastic Asphalt Reducing Tire/Road Noise (SMA LA)

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3446
Author(s):  
Wladyslaw Gardziejczyk ◽  
Andrzej Plewa ◽  
Raman Pakholak
Keyword(s):  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Road Noise ◽  
Stiffness Modulus ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt

The use of rubber granulate in the composition of asphalt mixtures, as well as the use of poroelastic layers, is indicated by many research centers as a factor with a positive effect on tire/road noise reduction. Attention is however paid to their lower structural durability compared to asphalt concrete (AC) or stone mastic asphalt (SMA). Stone mastic asphalt reducing tire/road noise (SMA LA) layers have also been recently used as low-noise road surfaces. The article presents the test results of viscoelastic properties of asphalt mixtures SMA8 LA, SMA8 LA containing 10%, 20%, and 30% of rubber granulate, with bitumen 50/70, bitumen 50/70 modified with styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) copolymer, crumb rubber, and mixtures with bitumen modified simultaneously with crumb rubber and SBS copolymer. The reference asphalt mixture was the porous asphalt (PA8). The presented results of water damage resistance, degradation resistance in the Cantabro abrasion loss test, stiffness modulus as a function of temperature and hysteresis loop proved that the amount of rubber granulate and the type of binder significantly affect the values of these parameters. Attention was paid to the possibility of using the results of uniaxial cyclic compression tests when determining the proportion of rubber granulate in SMA8 LA mixtures. Tests of hysteresis loops and stiffness modulus confirm much higher elasticity of SMA8 LA mixtures with rubber granulate as compared to mixtures without the addition of granulate.

scholarly journals Effects of Diatomite and SBS on Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Crumb Rubber Modified Asphalt Mixture

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibin Wei ◽  
Ziqi Li ◽  
Yubo Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Stiffness Modulus ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Air Void ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Asphalt mixture is susceptible to moisture damage under the effect of freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles. In this paper, crumb rubber (CR) was used to modify stone mastic asphalt (SMA) and the effects of diatomite and styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) on antifreezing performances of crumb rubber modified SMA (CRSMA) were investigated. Regression analysis and modified grey model (MGM) were used to construct the prediction models for properties of modified mixtures. CRSMA, CR and diatomite modified SMA (CRDSMA), and CR and SBS modified SMA (CRSSMA) were prepared in laboratory, respectively. Process of F-T cycles was designed. Air void, indirect tensile strength (ITS), and indirect tensile stiffness modulus (ITSM) were measured to evaluate the antifreezing performances of CRSMA, CRDSMA, and CRSSMA. Results indicate that air voids increase with the increasing of F-T cycles. ITS and ITSM all decrease with the increasing of F-T cycles. The addition of diatomite and SBS can reduce the air void and improve the ITS and ITSM of CRSMA. CRSSMA presents the lowest air void, highest tensile strength, and largest stiffness modulus, which reveals that CRSSMA has the best F-T resistance among three different kinds of mixtures. Moreover, MGM (1, 2) models present more favorable accuracy in prediction of air void and ITS compared with regression ones.

scholarly journals Differences in the Ageing Behavior of Asphalt Pavements with Porous and Stone Mastic Asphalt Mixtures

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110322
Author(s):  
Ruxin Jing ◽  
Aikaterini Varveri ◽  
Xueyan Liu ◽  
Athanasios Scarpas ◽  
Sandra Erkens
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Aggregate Packing ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Air Void

The degradation of bituminous materials as a result of ageing has a significant effect on asphalt pavement performance. In this study, one porous asphalt (PA) section and one stone mastic asphalt (SMA) asphalt pavement section were designed and constructed in 2014 and exposed to the actual environmental condition. To study the change in the pavement’s mechanical properties, asphalt cores were collected from both test sections annually. The change in stiffness modulus was determined via cyclic indirect tensile tests. To investigate the ageing behavior across the pavement depth, the bitumen was extracted and recovered from 13 mm slices along the depths of the cores. The chemical composition and rheological properties of the field-recovered bitumen, and that of original bitumen aged in standard short- and long-term ageing protocols, were investigated by means of the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and Dynamic Shear Rheometer. The results show that the effect of mineral aggregate packing, and therefore of air-void distribution and connectivity, on the ageing sensitivity of the pavements with time was significant, as the changes in the stiffness of the PA mixture were greater than that of SMA mixture. In addition, the results of field-recovered bitumen show that there is an ageing gradient inside the porous asphalt layer, however, the ageing of SMA mainly happens on the surface of the layer. Finally, the field-recovered and laboratory-aged bitumen results demonstrate a weak relation between field and standard laboratory ageing protocols.

scholarly journals Multi-Scale Rheo-Mechanical Study of SMA Mixtures Containing Fine Crumb Rubber in a New Dry-Hybrid Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3887
Author(s):  
Francesco Mazzotta ◽  
Piergiorgio Tataranni ◽  
Andrea Simone ◽  
Daniele Fornai ◽  
Gordon Airey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Modulus ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Direct Tension ◽  
Stiffness Modulus ◽  
Hybrid Technology ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Mechanical Study ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Technology Effects

Aiming to study the rheo-mechanical effects of fine crumb rubber into gap graded stone mastic asphalt (SMA) mixtures, a multi-scale experimental approach was adopted. Therefore, in the perspective of the reuse of end of life tires’ in asphalt layers, the adopted new dry-hybrid technology effects have been investigated from the mastic, mortar and mixture points of view. The new rubberized asphalt production technology allows the use of rubber powder as filler, the rubber amount optimization being validated through multi-scale performance tests. Mastics and mortars’ complex modulus measured with dynamic shear and torsional tests were related to the mixture stiffness modulus recorded in direct tension-compression mode. The rheological properties of mastic are strictly influenced by the rubber presence, and consequently the asphalt mixtures stiffness and thermo-sensitivity are connected to the mastic and mortar rheo-mechanical behavior. Results are consistent through the adopted approach and reveal that with the new dry-hybrid technology, overcoming the wet and dry limits, it seems to be possible obtaining more durable and eco-friendly bituminous pavement layers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Fatigue Life of CRM-Reinforced SMA and Its Relationship to Dynamic Stiffness

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuha Salim Mashaan ◽  
Mohamed Rehan Karim ◽  
Mahrez Abdel Aziz ◽  
Mohd Rasdan Ibrahim ◽  
Herda Yati Katman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Fatigue Test ◽  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Dynamic Stiffness ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Fatigue Cracking ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Tensile Fatigue ◽  
Indirect Tensile

Fatigue cracking is an essential problem of asphalt concrete that contributes to pavement damage. Although stone matrix asphalt (SMA) has significantly provided resistance to rutting failure, its resistance to fatigue failure is yet to be fully addressed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of crumb rubber modifier (CRM) on stiffness and fatigue properties of SMA mixtures at optimum binder content, using four different modification levels, namely, 6%, 8%, 10%, and 12% CRM by weight of the bitumen. The testing undertaken on the asphalt mix comprises the dynamic stiffness (indirect tensile test), dynamic creep (repeated load creep), and fatigue test (indirect tensile fatigue test) at temperature of 25°C. The indirect tensile fatigue test was conducted at three different stress levels (200, 300, and 400 kPa). Experimental results indicate that CRM-reinforced SMA mixtures exhibit significantly higher fatigue life compared to the mixtures without CRM. Further, higher correlation coefficient was obtained between the fatigue life and resilient modulus as compared to permanent strain; thus resilient modulus might be a more reliable indicator in evaluating the fatigue life of asphalt mixture.

scholarly journals A Review on Using Crumb Rubber in Reinforcement of Asphalt Pavement

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuha Salim Mashaan ◽  
Asim Hassan Ali ◽  
Mohamed Rehan Karim ◽  
Mahrez Abdelaziz
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Waste Tyre ◽  
Asphalt Performance ◽  
Pavement Construction

An immense problem affecting environmental pollution is the increase of waste tyre vehicles. In an attempt to decrease the magnitude of this issue, crumb rubber modifier (CRM) obtained from waste tyre rubber has gained interest in asphalt reinforcement. The use of crumb rubber in the reinforcement of asphalt is considered as a smart solution for sustainable development by reusing waste materials, and it is believed that crumb rubber modifier (CRM) could be an alternative polymer material in improving hot mix asphalt performance properties. In this paper, a critical review on the use of crumb rubber in reinforcement of asphalt pavement will be presented and discussed. It will also include a review on the effects of CRM on the stiffness, rutting, and fatigue resistance of road pavement construction.

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