scholarly journals Placental Vacuolar ATPase Function Is a Key Link between Multiple Causes of Preeclampsia

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxin Zhang ◽  
Duyun Ye ◽  
Hongxiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Vacuolar Atpase ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Lipoxin A4 ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
System 1 ◽  
Multiple Causes

Preeclampsia, a relatively common pregnancy disorder, is one of the major causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Despite numerous research, the etiology of this syndrome remains not well understood as the pathogenesis of preeclampsia is complex, involving interaction between genetic, immunologic, and environmental factors. Preeclampsia, originating in placenta abnormalities, is induced by the circulating factors derived from the abnormal placenta. Recent work has identified various molecular mechanisms related to placenta development, including renin-angiotensin system, 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and lipoxin A4. Interestingly, advances suggest that vacuolar ATPase, a key molecule in placentation, is closely associated with them. Therefore, this intriguing molecule may represent an important link between various causes of preeclampsia. Here, we review that vacuolar ATPase works as a key link between multiple causes of preeclampsia and discuss the potential molecular mechanisms. The novel findings outlined in this review may provide promising explanations for the causation of preeclampsia and a rationale for future therapeutic interventions for this condition.

scholarly journals The ANG-(1–7)/ACE2/mas axis in the regulation of nephron function

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (6) ◽  
pp. F1297-F1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos M. Ferrario ◽  
Jasmina Varagic
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Experimental Hypertension ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
A Site

The study of experimental hypertension and the development of drugs with selective inhibitory effects on the enzymes and receptors constituting the components of the circulating and tissue renin-angiotensin systems have led to newer concepts of how this system participates in both physiology and pathology. Over the last decade, a renewed emphasis on understanding the role of angiotensin-(1–7) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in the regulation of blood pressure and renal function has shed new light on the complexity of the mechanisms by which these components of the renin angiotensin system act in the heart and in the kidneys to exert a negative regulatory influence on angiotensin converting enzyme and angiotensin II. The vasodepressor axis composed of angiotensin-(1–7)/angiotensin-converting enzyme 2/mas receptor emerges as a site for therapeutic interventions within the renin-angiotensin system. This review summarizes the evolving knowledge of the counterregulatory arm of the renin-angiotensin system in the control of nephron function and renal disease.

Independent association between 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the renin–angiotensin system

2010 ◽  
Vol 411 (17-18) ◽  
pp. 1354-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Tomaschitz ◽  
Stefan Pilz ◽  
Eberhard Ritz ◽  
Tanja Grammer ◽  
Christiane Drechsler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Independent Association

scholarly journals The Effect of Wenxin Keli on the mRNA Expression Profile of Rabbits with Myocardial Infarction

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zheng ◽  
Zhouying Liu ◽  
Nana Liu ◽  
Cuihong Hou ◽  
Jielin Pu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Mrna Expression Profile ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Pathological Alteration ◽  
Neurohumoral System

Aims. The molecular mechanisms of Chinese traditional medicine Wenxin Keli (WXKL) were unknown. This study was aimed at exploring the effects of WXKL on the gene expression profile and pathological alteration of rabbits with myocardial infarction.Methods. Twenty male adult rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham, model, WXKL, and captopril groups. Model, WXKL, and captopril groups underwent the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery while sham group went through an identical procedure without ligation. WXKL (817 mg/kg/d), captopril (8 mg/kg/d), and distilled water (to model and sham groups) were administered orally to each group. After 4 weeks, the rabbits were examined with echocardiography and the hearts were taken for expression chip and pathological staining (H&E, Masson, and Tunel) studies.Results. The data revealed that WXKL downregulated genes associated with inflammation (CX3CR1, MRC1, and FPR1), apoptosis (CTSC and TTC5), and neurohumoral system (ACE and EDN1) and upregulated angiogenesis promoting genes such as RSPO3. Moreover, the results also showed that WXKL improved cardiac function and prevented histopathological injury and apoptosis.Conclusion. The present study demonstrated that WXKL might play an important role in inhibiting inflammation, renin-angiotensin system, and apoptosis. It might be a promising Chinese medicine in the treatment of patients with myocardial infarction.

scholarly journals Free Fatty Acids Activate Renin-Angiotensin System in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes through Nuclear Factor-kappa B Pathway

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Sun ◽  
Jinhua Luo ◽  
Yuting Ruan ◽  
Liangchang Xiu ◽  
Bimei Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Ras Activation ◽  
Tlr4 Signaling Pathway

The activity of a local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the adipose tissue is closely associated with obesity-related diseases. However, the mechanism of RAS activation in adipose tissue is still unknown. In the current study, we found that palmitic acid (PA), one kind of free fatty acid, induced the activity of RAS in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In the presence of fetuin A (Fet A), PA upregulated the expression of angiotensinogen (AGT) and angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) and stimulated the secretion of angiotensin II (ANG II) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Moreover, the activation of RAS in 3T3-L1 adipocytes was blocked when we blocked Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway using TAK242 or NF-κB signaling pathway using BAY117082. Together, our results have identified critical molecular mechanisms linking PA/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway to the activity of the local renin-angiotensin system in adipose tissue.

scholarly journals Prospective: Evolution of Chinese Medicine to Treat COVID-19 Patients in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieya Wu ◽  
Baoguo Sun ◽  
Li Hou ◽  
Fulan Guan ◽  
Liyuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Individual

During the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the Chinese government took a series of public health measures to tackle the outbreak and recommended six traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) evolved formulas, collectively referred to as “3-drugs-3-formulas”, for the treatment. In this prospective article, we will discuss how these six formulas evolved from TCM and what their underlying mechanisms of actions may be by evaluating the historical usage of the component formulas, the potential targeted pathways for the individual herbs used by STAR (signal transduction activity response) database from our laboratory, and the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Five of the six recommended formulas are administered orally, while the sixth is taken as an injection. Five classic categories of herbs in the six formulas including “Qing-Re”, “Qu-Shi”, “Huo-Xue”, “Bu-Yi” and “Xing-Qi” herbs are used based on different stages of disease. All five oral formulas build upon the core formula Maxingshigan Decoction (MD) which has anti-inflammatory and perhaps antiviral actions. While MD can have some desired effects, it may not be sufficient to treat COVID-19 on its own; consequently, complementary classic formulas and/or herbs have been added to potentiate each recommended formula’s anti-inflammatory, and perhaps anti-renin-angiotensin system (RAS)-mediated bradykinin storm (RBS) and antiviral effects to address the unique medical needs for different stages of COVID-19. The key actions of these formulas are likely to control systemic inflammation and/or RBS. The usage of Chinese medicine in the six formulas is consistent with the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Thus, an integrative systems biology approach—combining botanical treatments of conventional antiviral, anti-inflammatory or anti-RBS drugs to treat COVID-19 and its complications – should be explored.

scholarly journals Renin-angiotensin system: role in the development and progression of prostate cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-190
Author(s):  
E. A. Chernogubova ◽  
M. I. Kogan
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Urological Oncology

Being the most common malignancy in men, prostate cancer (PCa) is a significant social and medical problem. The development of new approaches to the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of PCa is one of the most important tasks of current urological oncology.The renin-angiotensin cascade plays a crucial role in the regulation of most physiological and pathophysiological conditions in the human organism, including vascular tone, blood pressure, development and progression of atherosclerosis, and key metabolic processes. The classical regulation axis of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is well known and includes angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)/angiotensin II/ angiotensin II receptors. Recently, new RAS elements have been found and described, such as ACE2 (homologue of ACE), angiotensin isoforms 1—7, alamandin, etc. This resulted in the discovery of many new alternative axes of RAS regulation, including ACE2/angiotensin-(1—7)/ MAS receptor, prorenin/(pro)renin receptor/MAP kinase, and angiotensin A/almandin/receptor D (MrgD). The prostate gland has a local RAS; all main components of RAS are expressed in prostate tissues.This review analyzes molecular mechanisms underlying carcinogenic effects of RAS, as well as classical and alternative pathways of RAS regulation in PCa. We have described the results of studies evaluating individual RAS parameters in PCa, which confirm the existence of a complex network between various elements of local RAS and molecular and cellular mechanisms of prostate carcinogenesis. RAS has been proved to play an important role in PCa development and progression.We have also covered new therapeutic targets for PCa treatment, presumable mechanisms of action, and prospects of using RAS inhibitors for PCa.

scholarly journals The role of the renin-angiotensin system in the appearance and progression of renal cell carcinoma: a literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-149
Author(s):  
M. I. Kogan ◽  
Z. M. Akhokhov ◽  
E. A. Chernogubova ◽  
A. A. Gusev ◽  
Z. Kh. Oitova
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Molecular Medicine ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common forms of malignant epithelial tumors of this localization. The development of new approaches to the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of RCC is an topical issue of molecular medicine. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is not only an important component of the central and humoral mechanisms of controlling blood pressure and hydroelectrolytic balance, but also refers to the body systems involved in complex carcinogenesis pathways. Researches on the role of RAS in tumor progression are currently the priority. The data on the role of RAS in the development and progression of malignant tumors in the kidneys are being discussed. In this article, we present an overview of data on the role of RAS in the emergence and development of RCC, an analysis of the molecular mechanisms of development and progression of RCC, the prospects for using indicators of the RAS: angiotensin-converting enzymes (ACE), ACE2 and angiotensin II receptors as markers of diagnosis and monitoring of neoplastic transformation processes in the kidney. The prospects for the use of new, effective anticancer drugs with a targeted effect on definite indicators of the RAS of RCC were analyzed.

Abstract P314: Effect of Sex on Blood Pressure and Endothelial Dysfunction in the Novel BPH2 Mouse Model of Hypertension

Hypertension ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean P Didion
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

Very little is known regarding blood pressure and endothelial function between the sexes in the hypertensive BPH2 mouse. Thus, the first goal was determine whether blood pressure and endothelial function are significantly different between male and female BPH2 mice. Information regarding the role of the renin-angiotensin system in the BPH2 mouse is also limited; therefore the second goal was to determine the role of the renin-angiotensin system by treating BPH2 mice with captopril for 4 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significantly elevated (P<0.05) and yet comparable (P>0.05) in male and female BPH2 mice and averaged 140±3 and 136±3 mmHg, respectively, whereas, in control mice SBP averaged 112±4 mmHg. Endothelial responses to acetylcholine in carotid artery were markedly impaired (P<0.05) and to a similar degree in male and female BPH2 mice as compared to controls. Captopril treatment was associated with a significant (P<0.05) reduction in blood pressure of 35±7 and 43±4 mmHg in male and female BPH2 mice, respectively. Captopril also resulted in an improvement of endothelial responses in male and female BPH2 mice. These findings demonstrate that male and female BPH2 mice are equally hypertensive and both sexes are characterized by endothelial dysfunction. In addition, the renin-angiotensin system may contribute to both hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in this model. Taken together, our data define the BPH2 mouse as an important model to compare and contrast the effects of hypertension between the sexes. Supported by NIH HL-107632.

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