scholarly journals Interleukin-15 (IL-15) and Anti-C1q Antibodies as Serum Biomarkers for Ectopic Pregnancy and Missed Abortion

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros Daponte ◽  
Efthimios Deligeoroglou ◽  
Spyros Pournaras ◽  
Christos Hadjichristodoulou ◽  
Antonios Garas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Missed Abortion ◽  
Interleukin 15 ◽  
Immunological Factors ◽  
Control Study

Given the present lack of clinically useful tests for the accurate diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy (EP), there is a need to select out those immunological factors measured in the maternal serum, as potential biomarkers. Our assumption was that C1q/anti-C1q antibody complexes and serum levels of interleukin-15 (IL-15) may play a role in differentiating abortions (MAs) and EPs and normal pregnancies. We assessed whether their measurement could set the diagnosis in a case control study at 6–8 weeks consisting of 60 women with failed early pregnancy (30 EPs, 30 MAs) and 33 women with intrauterine pregnancies. Normal pregnancies contain anti-C1q antibodies more frequently compared to women with failed pregnancies, the lowest levels being found in EPs, but this lacked statistical significance and anti-C1q could not serve as a marker. However EP pregnancies had elevated IL-15 levels that could statistically significantly differentiate them from MAs and IUPs. Furthermore, when assessing IL-15 for the clinically important differentiation between IUP and EP, we found at a cut-off of 16 pg/mL a negative predictive value of 99 with a sensitivity for diagnosing an EP of 92%. According to these results, serum IL-15 is a promising marker differentiating an MA from an EP.

scholarly journals Maternal Serum VEGF Predicts Abnormally Invasive Placenta Better than NT-proBNP: a Multicenter Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Schwickert ◽  
Frédéric Chantraine ◽  
Loreen Ehrlich ◽  
Wolfgang Henrich ◽  
Mustafa Zelal Muallem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Predictive Biomarker ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Invasive Placenta ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Abnormally Invasive Placenta

Abstract The aim of this study was to test if maternal serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) predicts abnormally invasive placenta (AIP) better. Secondary objective was to test whether the serum levels of VEGF and NT-proBNP can predict the degree of invasion. In a multicenter case–control study design, gestational age-matched serum samples from pregnant women with AIP (n = 44) and uncomplicated pregnancies (n = 55) who had been enrolled at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany and Centre Hospitalier Régional de la Citadelle in Liège, Belgium were analyzed. Maternal blood serum VEGF and NT-proBNP levels were immunoassayed from samples taken immediately before delivery (GA median: 35 weeks). Biomarker levels were compared between AIP and control group. The correlation of biomarker levels with the clinical AIP degree was assessed. The predictive biomarker ability was characterized through a multivariate regression model and receiver operating characteristic curves. Women with AIP had significantly lower maternal serum VEGF levels (AIP mean 285 pg/ml, 95% CI 248–322, vs. control: 391 pg/ml, 95% CI 356–426, p < 0.01) and higher NT-proBNP levels (AIP median 329 pg/ml, IQR 287–385, vs. control 295 pg/ml, IQR 273–356, p = 0.03). Maternal serum VEGF levels were able to predict AIP better (AUC = 0.729, 0.622–0.836, p < 0.001; VEGF + number of previous cesarean deliveries: AUC = 0.915, 0.853–0.977, p < 0.001). Maternal serum VEGF levels correlated inversely with the clinical AIP degree (r = − 0.32, p < 0.01). In short, maternal serum VEGF, more than NT-proBNP, can help in predicting AIP and hints at the degree of invasion.

Maternal Serum Levels of Zinc, Copper, and Thiols in Preeclampsia Patients: a Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Zehra Gul ◽  
Nil Atakul ◽  
Sahabettin Selek ◽  
Yıldız Atamer ◽  
Ufuk Sarıkaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Control Study

SERUM PROLACTINE LEVEL IN PATIENTS OF PSORIASIS VULGARIS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH DISEASE SEVERITY: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Kumar Saini ◽  
Devendra Yadav ◽  
Rozy Badyal ◽  
Suresh Jain ◽  
Arti Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Prolactin Level ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serum Prolactin Level ◽  
R Value ◽  
Control Study

Background: Psoriasis is an autoimmune chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the skin mediated by T-lymphocytes resulting in production of cytokines which cause hyperproliferation of keratinocytes.  Several factors and hormones like Prolactin have an action similar to these cytokines in promoting the multiplication of keratinocytes and other cells like lymphocytes and epithelial cells may have a role on the etiopathogenesis of psoriasis. Aim:-The aim of study is to compare the serum Prolactin levels in patients of psoriasis with a control group. Setting and study design: This is a case-control study conducted in the department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy GMC, Kota over a period of 1year from July 2017 to June 2018 Material and method: The study included 100 cases of psoriasis (60 males and 40 females) and 100 controls similar for age and sex. Serum Prolactin levels were measured by ECLIA and results were obtained. Statistical analysis: Mean and standard deviation were calculated for each variable. Statistical significance of the results was analyzed using correlation analysis (Pearson correlation coefficient) and independent samples t-test. Statistical significance was assumed at p value<0.05. Result: Serum Prolactin level was significantly higher in cases of psoriasis compared to controls (p-value <0.001). PASI score and serum Prolactin levels were found to have a positive correlation (r value = 0.337; p-value: 0.001). No significant  correlation was found between serum levels of Prolactin and duration of disease r value= -0.034, P value =0.733). Serum Prolactin level was higher in male patients compared to females patients. Conclusion:- High serum Prolactin may be a biological marker of disease severity in psoriasis and may have a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Further studies with large sample size are required to confirm this hypothesis.

Anti muellerian hormone serum levels in women with endometriosis: A case-control study

2009 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Shebl ◽  
Thomas Ebner ◽  
Michael Sommergruber ◽  
Andreas Sir ◽  
Gernot Tews
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Dietary and serum vitamin D and preeclampsia risk in Chinese pregnant women: a matched case–control study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Xue-min Huang ◽  
Yan-hua Liu ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
Yuan Cao ◽  
Wei-feng Dou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

Abstract The effect of vitamin D (VD) on the risk of preeclampsia (PE) is uncertain. Few of previous studies focused on the relationship between dietary VD intake and PE risk. Therefore, we conducted this 1:1 matched case-control study to explore the association of dietary VD intake and serum VD concentrations with PE risk in Chinese pregnant women. A total of 440 pairs of participants were recruited during March 2016 to June 2019. Dietary information was obtained using a 78-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 were measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariate conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were plotted to evaluate the dose-response relationship of dietary VD intake and serum VD concentrations with PE risk. Compared with the lowest quartile, the ORs of the highest quartile were 0.45 (95%CI: 0.29-0.71, Ptrend = 0.001) for VD dietary intake and 0.26 (95%CI: 0.11-0.60, Ptrend = 0.003) for serum levels after adjusting for confounders. In addition, the RCS analysis suggested a reverse J-shaped relationship between dietary VD intake and PE risk (P-nonlinearity = 0.02). A similar association was also found between serum concentrations of total 25(OH)D and PE risk (P-nonlinearity = 0.02). In conclusion, this study provides evidence that higher dietary intake and serum levels of VD are associated with the lower risk of PE in Chinese pregnant women.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Its Symptoms’ Panoply: A Case-Control Study of 919 Suspected Cases in Locked-Down Ovar, Portugal

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Regina Sá ◽  
Tiago Pinho-Bandeira ◽  
Guilherme Queiroz ◽  
Joana Matos ◽  
João Duarte Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Suspected Case ◽  
Risk Characteristics ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Control Study

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Ovar was the first Portuguese municipality to declare active community transmission of SARS-CoV-2, with total lockdown decreed on March 17, 2020. This context provided conditions for a large-scale testing strategy, allowing a referral system considering other symptoms besides the ones that were part of the case definition (fever, cough, and dyspnea). This study aims to identify other symptoms associated with COVID-19 since it may clarify the pre-test probability of the occurrence of the disease. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This case-control study uses primary care registers between March 29 and May 10, 2020 in Ovar municipality. Pre-test clinical and exposure-risk characteristics, reported by physicians, were collected through a form, and linked with their laboratory result. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The study population included a total of 919 patients, of whom 226 (24.6%) were COVID-19 cases and 693 were negative for SARS-CoV-2. Only 27.1% of the patients reporting contact with a confirmed or suspected case tested positive. In the multivariate analysis, statistical significance was obtained for headaches (OR 0.558), odynophagia (OR 0.273), anosmia (OR 2.360), and other symptoms (OR 2.157). The interaction of anosmia and odynophagia appeared as possibly relevant with a borderline statistically significant OR of 3.375. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> COVID-19 has a wide range of symptoms. Of the myriad described, the present study highlights anosmia itself and calls for additional studies on the interaction between anosmia and odynophagia. Headaches and odynophagia by themselves are not associated with an increased risk for the disease. These findings may help clinicians in deciding when to test, especially when other diseases with similar symptoms are more prevalent, namely in winter.

Serum otolin-1 as a biomarker for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
D V K Irugu ◽  
A Singh ◽  
H Yadav ◽  
H Verma ◽  
R Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positional Vertigo ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to evaluate serum otolin-1 levels in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and to compare these levels with healthy individuals. Method This was a case-control study. After obtaining institutional ethical committee clearance, the serum level of otolin-1 was calculated in adult individuals (18–75 years old) who were divided into group 1 (patients presenting with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo) and group 2 (healthy patients without benign paroxysmal positional vertigo as the control group). Data analysis was carried out to compare the serum levels in the cases and controls. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results A total of 70 age-matched individuals (cases, n = 40; controls, n = 30) were included in the study. The mean serum level of otolin-1 was 636.8 pg/ml (range, 259–981 pg/ml) in the group of patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and 236.2 pg/ml (range, 189–370 pg/ml) in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.0000). Conclusion The serum levels of otolin-1 in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo are significantly higher compared with individuals without benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

scholarly journals Association of placental chorangiosis with pregnancy complication and prenatal outcome: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Homeira Vafaei ◽  
Zinat Karimi ◽  
Mojgan Akbarzadeh-Jahromi ◽  
Fatemeh Asadian
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Index ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Chorangiosis is a vascular change involving the terminal chorionic villi in the placenta. It results from longstanding, low-grade hypoxia in the placental tissue, and is associated with such conditions as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), diabetes, and gestational hypertension in pregnancy. Chorangiosis rarely occurs in normal pregnancies. However, its prevalence is 5–7% of all placentas from infants admitted to newborn intensive care units. The present study was aimed at determining the association of chorangiosis with pregnancy complications and perinatal outcomes. Methods In this case-control study, 308 chorangiosis cases were compared with 308 controls (with other diagnoses in pathology) in terms of maternal, placental, prenatal, and neonatal characteristics derived from the medical records of participants retrospectively. R and SPSS version 22 software tools were used, and the statistical significance level was considered 0.05 for all the tests. Results Preeclampsia, diabetes mellitus, maternal hemoglobin, maternal hematocrit, C/S, oligohydramnios, fetal anomaly, dead neonates, NICU admissions were significantly higher in the chorangiosis group OR = 1.6, 3.98, 1.68, 1.92, 2.1, 4.47, 4.22, 2.9, 2.46, respectively (p-value< 0.05 for all). Amniotic fluid index, birth weight, cord PH amount, 1st, and 5th Apgar score was lower in the chorangiosis group OR = 0.31, 1, 0.097, 0.83, 0.85, respectively (p-value< 0.05 for all). Moreover, fundal placenta, retro placental hemorrhage, perivillous fibrin deposition, calcification, and acute chorioamnionitis were higher in the chorangiosis group OR = 2.1, 11.8, 19.96, 4.05, and 6.38 respectively, (p-value< 0.05). There was a high agreement between the two pathologists, and the power of the study was estimated at 99%. Conclusion Although chorangiosis is an uncommon condition, it is associated with a higher incidence of perinatal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it should be considered an important clinical sign of adverse pregnancy outcomes and should be reported in the pathology evaluation.

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