scholarly journals The Impact of Cost Uncertainty on Cournot Duopoly Game with Concave Demand Function

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Askar
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Demand Function ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Cournot Duopoly ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Dynamical Characteristics ◽  
Inflection Points ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Theoretical Results

It is reported in the literature that the most fundamental idea to address uncertainty is to begin by condensing random variables. In this paper, we propose Cournot duopoly game where quantity-setting firms use nonlinear demand function that has no inflection points. A random cost function is introduced in this model. Each firm in the model wants to maximize its expected profit and also wants to minimize its uncertainty by minimizing the cost. To handle this multiobjective optimization problem, the expectation and worst-case approaches are used. A model of two rational firms that are in competition and produce homogenous commodities is introduced using an unknown demand function. The equilibrium points of this model are obtained and their dynamical characteristics such as stability, bifurcation, and chaos are investigated. Complete stability and bifurcation analysis are provided. The obtained theoretical results are verified by numerical simulation.

Fear Induced Stabilization in an Intraguild Predation Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (04) ◽  
pp. 2050053
Author(s):  
Mainul Hossain ◽  
Nikhil Pal ◽  
Sudip Samanta ◽  
Joydev Chattopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Hopf Bifurcation ◽  
Intraguild Predation ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Stable Limit ◽  
Interior Equilibrium ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

In the present paper, we investigate the impact of fear in an intraguild predation model. We consider that the growth rate of intraguild prey (IG prey) is reduced due to the cost of fear of intraguild predator (IG predator), and the growth rate of basal prey is suppressed due to the cost of fear of both the IG prey and the IG predator. The basic mathematical results such as positively invariant space, boundedness of the solutions, persistence of the system have been investigated. We further analyze the existence and local stability of the biologically feasible equilibrium points, and also study the Hopf-bifurcation analysis of the system with respect to the fear parameter. The direction of Hopf-bifurcation and the stability properties of the periodic solutions have also been investigated. We observe that in the absence of fear, omnivory produces chaos in a three-species food chain system. However, fear can stabilize the chaos thus obtained. We also observe that the system shows bistability behavior between IG prey free equilibrium and IG predator free equilibrium, and bistability between IG prey free equilibrium and interior equilibrium. Furthermore, we observe that for a suitable set of parameter values, the system may exhibit multiple stable limit cycles. We perform extensive numerical simulations to explore the rich dynamics of a simple intraguild predation model with fear effect.

scholarly journals Mathematical Modelling of Lesser Date Moth Using Sex Pheromone Traps and Natural Enemies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Moustafa El-Shahed ◽  
Asmaa M. Al-Dubiban
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Local Bifurcation ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Sex Pheromone Traps ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Theoretical Results

In this paper, a mathematical model for lesser date moth is proposed and analyzed. The interaction between the date palm tree, lesser date moth, and natural enemy has been investigated. The impact of sex pheromone traps on lesser date moth is demonstrated. Some sufficient conditions are obtained to ensure the local and global stability of equilibrium points. The occurrence of local bifurcation near the equilibrium points is performed using Sotomayor’s theorem. Theoretical results are illustrated using numerical simulations.

The chaotic dynamics of a quantum Cournot duopoly game with bounded rationality

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (06) ◽  
pp. 2050029
Author(s):  
Xinli Zhang ◽  
Deshan Sun ◽  
Wei Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Entanglement ◽  
Stability Region ◽  
Chaotic Dynamics ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Largest Lyapunov Exponent ◽  
Cournot Duopoly ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rational Players

This paper analyzes the chaotic dynamics of a quantum Cournot duopoly game with bounded rational players by applying quantum game theory. We investigate the impact of quantum entanglement on the stability of the quantum Nash equilibrium points and chaotic dynamics behaviors of the system. The result shows that the stability region decreases with the quantum entanglement increasing. The adjustment speeds of bounded rational players can lead to chaotic behaviors, and quantum entanglement accelerates the bifurcation and chaos of the system. Numerical simulations demonstrate the chaotic features via stability region, bifurcation, largest Lyapunov exponent, strange attractors, sensitivity to initial conditions and fractal dimensions.

scholarly journals A Variation-Aware Design Methodology for Distributed Arithmetic

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Yue Lu ◽  
Shengyu Duan ◽  
Basel Halak ◽  
Tom Kazmierski
Keyword(s):  
Critical Path ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Distributed Arithmetic ◽  
Timing Error ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Error Resilient ◽  
Variation Aware Design ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Distributed arithmetic (DA) brings area and power benefits to digital designs relevant to the Internet-of-Things. Therefore, new error resilient techniques for DA computation are urgently required to improve robustness against the process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations. This paper proposes a new in-situ timing error prevention technique to mitigate the impact of variations in DA circuits by providing a guardband for significant (most significant bit) computations. This guardband is initially achieved by modifying the sign extension block and carefully gate-sizing. Therefore, least significant bit (LSB) computation can correspond to the critical path, and timing error can be tolerated at the cost of acceptable accuracy loss. Our approach is demonstrated on a 16-tap finite impulse respons (FIR) filter using the 65 nm CMOS process and the simulation results show that this design can still maintain high-accuracy performance without worst case timing margin, and achieve up to 32 % power savings by voltage scaling when the worst case margin is considered with only 9 % area overhead.

scholarly journals Dynamics of an Epidemic Model under the Influence of Environmental Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-243
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Saha ◽  
Guruprasad Samanta
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Dynamical Behaviour ◽  
Treatment Policy ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

We have considered a compartmental epidemiological model with infectious disease to observe the influence of environmental stress on disease transmission. The proposed model is well-defined as the population at each compartment remains positive and bounded with time. Dynamical behaviour of the model is observed by the stability and bifurcation analysis at the equilibrium points. Also, numerical simulation supports the theoretical proofs and the result shows that the system undergoes a forward bifurcation around the disease-free equilibrium. Our results indicate that with the increase of environmental pollution, the overall infected population increases. Also, the disease transmission rate among the susceptible and stressed population from asymptomatically infected individuals plays a crucial role to make a system endemic. A corresponding optimal control problem has also been proposed to control the disease prevalence as well as to minimize the cost by choosing the vaccination policy before being infected and treatment policy to the infected as control variables. Numerical figures indicate that the vaccination provided to susceptible needs some time to reduce the disease transmission but the vaccination provided to stressed individuals works immediately after implementation. The treatment policy for symptomatically infected individuals works with a higher rate at an earlier stage but the intensity decreases with time. Simultaneous implementation of all control interventions is more useful to reduce the size of overall infective individuals and also to minimize the economic burden. Hence, this research clearly expresses the impact of environmental pollution (specifically the influence of environmental stress) on the disease transmission in the population.

scholarly journals Analysis of Nonlinear Duopoly Game: A Cooperative Case

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Askar ◽  
Ahmad M. Alshamrani ◽  
K. Alnowibet
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Demand Function ◽  
Complex Behavior ◽  
Equilibrium Stability ◽  
Cournot Duopoly ◽  
Dynamic Strategy ◽  
Tit For Tat ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Linear Cost

We make further attempts to investigate equilibrium stability of a nonlinear Cournot duopoly game. Our studies in this paper focus on the cooperation that may be obtained among duopolistic firms. Discrete time scales under the assumption of unknown inverse demand function and linear cost are used to build our models in the proposed games. We introduce and study here an adjustment dynamic strategy beside the so-called tit-for-tat strategy. For each model, the stability analysis of the fixed point is analyzed. Numerical simulations are carried out to show the complex behavior of the proposed models and to point out the impact of the models’ parameters on the cooperation.

Demonstrating Nutrient Cost Gradients: A Brooklyn Case Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 244-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Karp ◽  
Gary Wong ◽  
Marguerite Orsi
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Caloric Density ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Introduction: Foods dense in micronutrients are generally more expensive than those with higher energy content. These cost-differentials may put low-income families at risk of diminished micronutrient intake. Objectives: We sought to determine differences in the cost for iron, folate, and choline in foods available for purchase in a low-income community when assessed for energy content and serving size. Methods: Sixty-nine foods listed in the menu plans provided by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) for low-income families were considered, in 10 domains. The cost and micronutrient content for-energy and per-serving of these foods were determined for the three micronutrients. Exact Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for comparisons of energy costs; Spearman rho tests for comparisons of micronutrient content. Ninety families were interviewed in a pediatric clinic to assess the impact of food cost on food selection. Results: Significant differences between domains were shown for energy density with both cost-for-energy (p < 0.001) and cost-per-serving (p < 0.05) comparisons. All three micronutrient contents were significantly correlated with cost-for-energy (p < 0.01). Both iron and choline contents were significantly correlated with cost-per-serving (p < 0.05). Of the 90 families, 38 (42 %) worried about food costs; 40 (44 %) had chosen foods of high caloric density in response to that fear, and 29 of 40 families experiencing both worry and making such food selection. Conclusion: Adjustments to USDA meal plans using cost-for-energy analysis showed differentials for both energy and micronutrients. These differentials were reduced using cost-per-serving analysis, but were not eliminated. A substantial proportion of low-income families are vulnerable to micronutrient deficiencies.

TRANSFER FİYATLAMA UYGULAMASININ İŞLETME PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİ VE VERGİSEL AÇIDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Serdar KUZU
Keyword(s):  
Business Performance ◽  
Transfer Pricing ◽  
Tax Law ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
International Transactions ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The size of international trade continues to extend rapidly from day to day as a result of the globalization process. This situation causes an increase in the economic activities of businesses in the trading area. One of the main objectives of the cost system applied in businesses is to be able to monitor the competitors and the changes that can be occured as a result of the developments in the sector. Thus, making cost accounting that is proper according to IAS / IFRS and tax legislation has become one of the strategic targets of the companies in most countries. In this respect, businesses should form their cost and pricing systems according to new regulations. Transfer pricing practice is usefull in setting the most proper price for goods that are subject to the transaction, in evaluating the performance of the responsibility centers of business, and in determining if the inter-departmental pricing system is consistent with targets of the business. The taxing powers of different countries and also the taxing powers of different institutions in a country did not overlap. Because of this reason, bringing new regulations to the tax system has become essential. The transfer pricing practice that has been incorporated into the Turkish Tax System is one of the these regulations. The transfer pricing practice which includes national and international transactions has been included in the Corporate Tax Law and Income Tax Law. The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of goods and services transfer that will occur between departments of businesses on the responsibility center and business performance, and also the impact of transfer pricing practice on the business performance on the basis of tax-related matters. As a result of the study, it can be said that transfer pricing practice has an impact on business performance in terms of both price and tax-related matters.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document