scholarly journals Antimutagenic Effect of Medicinal PlantsAchillea millefoliumandBauhinia forficata In Vivo

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisângela Düsman ◽  
Igor Vivian de Almeida ◽  
Ana Carolina Coelho ◽  
Thiago José Balbi ◽  
Lilian Tatiani Düsman Tonin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agent ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
Continued Use

The investigation of traditionally used medicinal plants is valuable both as a source of potential chemotherapeutic drugs and as a measure of safety for the continued use of these medicinal plants.Achillea millefoliumL. (AM) is an ancient remedial herb native to Europe that is used to treat wounds, gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary disorders, inflammation, headaches, and pain.Bauhinia forficataLink (BF), an Asiatic plant, is one of the most commonly used plants in folk medicine against diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic and antimutagenic potential of aqueous extracts of AM and BF on bone marrow cells of Wistar rats treatedin vivo. These plant extracts possess considerable antioxidant activity due to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds. These compounds were determinants to noncytotoxic and antimutagenic/protective action of these plants, that reduced statistically the percentage of chromosomal alterations induced by the chemotherapeutic agent cyclophosphamide in simultaneous (AM, 68%; BF, 91%), pre- (AM, 68%; BF, 71%), and post-treatment (AM, 67%; BF, 95%). Therefore, the results of this study indicate that extracts ofA. millefoliumandB. forficatahave antimutagenic potential and that their consumption can benefit the health of those using them as an alternative therapy.

scholarly journals Anticlastogenic effect of vitamin C on cisplatin in vivo

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lusânia M. Greggi Antunes ◽  
Joana D.C. Darin ◽  
Maria de Lourdes P. Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agent ◽  
Anticlastogenic Effect ◽  
Rat Bone ◽  
Marrow Cells

The ability of vitamin C (VC) to protect against the clastogenic action of the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin (DDP, cis-diamminedichloroplatinun II) in rat bone marrow cells was evaluated. DDP was administered to Wistar rats either alone or after treatment with VC. The rats were treated with VC (50, 100 or 200 mg/kg body weight) by gavage 10 min before the administration of DDP (5 mg/kg body weight, ip) and then sacrificed 24 h after treatment. VC significantly reduced (by about 70%) the clastogenicity of DDP in rat bone marrow cells. The antioxidant action of VC presumably modulates the clastogenic action of DDP.

scholarly journals Actions of crude hydroalcoholic extract of Pfaffia sp on gastrointestinal tract

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Setim Freitas ◽  
Maria Fernanda Rodrigues de Paula ◽  
Lia Rieck ◽  
Maria Consuelo Andrade Marques
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Duodenal Lumen

The plants that compound the Pfaffia genus are used in folk medicine to treat gastric disturbances. This study examined the effects of a crude hydroalcoholic extract of Pfaffia sp on the gastrointestinal tract. Female Wistar rats were pretreated orally (p.o.) with the hydroalcoholic extract of Pfaffia (0.5, 1 and 2 g.kg-1) before the induction of ulcer with hypothermic restraint stress (HRS), ethanol (ET) or indomethacin (IND). Control animals received water (C) or ranitidine (60mg/kg) p.o. The hydroalcoholic extract of Pfaffia (0.5, 1 and 2 mg.kg-1) protected rats against HRS and ET - induced ulcers, but was not able to protect the gastric mucosa against IND - induced ulcers. When injected into the duodenal lumen, the hydroalcoholic extract of Pfaffia inhibited basal and stimulated acid secretion in pylorus-ligated rats. These results indicate that this plant has a protective action against gastric lesions of the mucosa involving the reduction of gastric acid secretion.

scholarly journals Astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus Bunge): botanical, geographical, and historical aspects to pharmaceutical components and beneficial role

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Durazzo ◽  
Amirhossein Nazhand ◽  
Massimo Lucarini ◽  
Amelia M. Silva ◽  
Selma B. Souto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Astragalus Membranaceus ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Therapeutic Properties

AbstractMedicinal plants always are part of folk medicine and are nowadays receiving worldwide attention for prophylaxis, management, and treatment of several diseases, as an alternative to chemical drugs. The current work provided a comprehensive overview and analysis of the Astragalus and health relationship in literature. The analysis of their therapeutic potential is thus instrumental to understand their bioactivity. Among these, the flowering medicinal plant Astragalus membranaceus has raised interest due to several beneficial health effects. This perspective review discussed the botanical, geographical, historical, and the therapeutic properties of A. membranaceus, with a special focus on its health improving effects and medicinal applications both in vitro and in vivo. Graphic abstract

Current Perspectives in the Application of Medicinal Plants Against Cancer: Novel Therapeutic Agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevgi Gezici ◽  
Nazım Şekeroğlu
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antitumor Agents ◽  
Immune Therapy ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Cell Growth And Proliferation

Background: Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation. It has become a major health problem in the past decades and is now the second leading cause of death globally. Although, there are different types of treatment such as chemotherapy, immune therapy, radiation, hormone therapy and targeted therapy used against cancer, they have possible side effects and significant deficiencies. Methods: This review aims to outline the benefits of medicinal plants and plant-derived products and highlight why they should be used as novel anti-cancer therapeutics. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Cochrane library, and MedlinePlus were searched to summarize in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies on anticancer effects of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds up-to-date. Results: In recent years, a number of medicinal plants have been administered to cancer patients in order to prevent and treat cancer as an alternative therapy. These plants were used because of their rich anticarcinogenic and chemoprotective potentials. In addition to these remarkable properties, these plants have less toxic anticancer, anti-tumor and anti-proliferation agents than traditional therapeutics. Nevertheless, only a small number of natural anti-tumor products including vinblastine, vincristine, podophyllotoxin, paclitaxel (Taxol) and camptothecin have been tested clinically, while vinflunine ditartrate, anhydrovinblastine, NK-611, tafluposide, paclitaxel poliglumex, combretastatins, salvicine, curcumin, indirubin, triptolide, homoharringtonine are still on trial. Conclusion: Consequently, more effective anticancer compounds are identified during the clinical trials; these natural products could be a key source of antitumor agents in modern anticancer therapy. It is expected that novel anticancer phytopharmaceuticals produced from medicinal plants could be effectively used in prevention and therapy for the cancers.

scholarly journals Investigations of genotoxic potential of levamisole hydrochloride in bone marrow cells of Wistar rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Milan Kulic ◽  
Zoran Stanimirovic ◽  
Biljana Markovic ◽  
Sinisa Ristic
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Dose ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Marrow Cells

An experiment was performed under in vivo conditions on bone marrow cells of Wistar rats. The following doses of levamisole hydrochloride were tested: a therapeutic dose of 2.2 mg/kg bm, a dose of 4.4 mg/kg bm, LD50 -25% mg/kg bm, and LD50 -75% mg/kg bm. We followed the effect of levamisole hydrochloride on kinetics of the cell cycle and the appearance of structural and numeric changes in chromosomes in bone marrow cells. The therapeutic dose of levamisole of 2.2 mg/kg bm exhibited a capability to increase mitotic activity in the observed cells, thus confirming knowledge of the immunostimulative effect of this dose of the medicine under in vivo conditions. The other tested doses of levamisole in this experiment, observed in comparison with the control group, had an opposite effect, namely, they caused a reduction in the mitotic activity of bone marrow cells. All the examined doses in vivo exhibited the ability to induce numeric (aneuploid and polyploid) and structural (lesions, breaks and insertions) chromosomal aberrations. It can be concluded on the grounds of these findings that the examined doses have a genotoxic effect.

scholarly journals Potensi Ekstrak Akar Kalakai (Stenochlaena palutris Bedd) Sebagai Antihiperlipidemia Yang Diuji Secara In Vivo

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Rabiatul Adawiyah ◽  
Fera Sartika ◽  
Fahruddin Arfianto
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Antihyperlipidemic Activity ◽  
Alternative Drug ◽  
Increased Activity

ABSTRAK Tumbuhan kalakai atau sering disebut paku haruan atau pakis  merupakan tumbuhan khas Kalimanatan yang banyak digunakan sebagai tumbuhan obat. Kalakai mengandung beberapa senyawa bioaktif seperti fenolik, flavonoid, alkaloid dan keluarga terpenoid yang efektif sebagai antioksidan.  Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan aktivitas antihiperlipidemia dar i ekstrak akar kalakai yang diuji secara in vivo pada tikus wistar. Metode yang digunakan adalah melakukan uji aktivitas antihiperlipidemia dengan cara memberi perlakuan hewan coba dan melakukan pengukuran kadar trigliserida dan kolesterol total dengan menggunakan Spektrofotometer UV-VIS. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa peningkatan dosis dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dari ekstrak akar  kalakai. Semakin meningkatnya dosis,  maka terjadi peningkatan pertemuan antara flavonoid dengan reseptor di permukaan sel, sehingga terjadi peningkatan aktivitas. Aktivitas dari pemberian dosis ke-3 dari kadar trigliserida sebesar 49,8 mg/dl sedangkan untuk kadar kolesterolnya sebesar 41,8 mg/dl pada hasil yang didapat dari ekstrak akar kalakai  mendekati pemberian dari kadar  simvastatin. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka ekstrak dengan dosis 400 mg/KgBB memiliki potensi untuk teliti lebih lanjut dan dapat digunakansebagai obat alternatif pada pengobatan hiperlipidemia. Keadaan hiperlipidemia tidak hanya terkait kolesterol, tetapi mencakup kadar trigliserida di dalam darah. Kemampuan suatu obat dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol sekaligus kadar trigliserida, akan memberikan keuntungan terhadap pengobatan pasien hiperlipidemia. Penggunaan akar kalakai tidak hanya terbatas pada pengobatan karena bahan alam dapat digunakan sebagai pencegah timbulnya penyakit terutama hiperlipidemia yang terjadi pada pasien degeneratif. Kata kunci : Ektrak akar kalakai, In Vivo, Kolesterol, SpektrofotometerUV-VIS, Trigliserida  ABSTRACT Kalakai plants or often called haruan nails or ferns are typical Kalimanatan plants which are widely used as medicinal plants. Kalakai contains several bioactive compounds such as phenolic, flavonoid, alkaloid and terpenoid family which are effective as antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to determine the antihyperlipidemic activity of kalakai root extract which was tested in vivo in Wistar rats. The method used is to test the activity of antihyperlipidemia by giving treatment of experimental animal and to measure levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer. the results of the study note that increasing the dose can increase the activity of the kalakai root extract. As the dose incr eases, there is an increase in the linkage between the flavonoids and receptors on the cell surface, resulting in increased activity . The activity of administering the 3rd dose of triglyceride levels was 49.8 mg/dl whereas for cholesterol levels it was 41.8 mg/dl in the result obtained from the extract of kalakai root approaching the administration of simvastatin levels. Based on this, the extract at a dose of 400mg/kg has the potensial for further scrutiny and can be used as an alternative drug in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. The state of hyperlipidemia is not only related to cholesterol, but includes the level of triglycerides in the blood. The ability of a drug to reduce cholesterol levels as well as triglyceride levels, will provide benefits to the treatm ent of hyperlipidemia patients. The use of kalakai root is not only limited to treatment because natural ingredients can be use d as a prevention of disease, especially hyperlipidemia that occurs in degenerative patients. Keywords: Kalakai root extract, In Vivo, Cholesterol, Triglyceride, UV-VIS Spectrophotometer

scholarly journals Paclitaxel-Loaded Magnetic Nanoparticles Based on Biotinylated N-Palmitoyl Chitosan: Synthesis, Characterization and Preliminary In Vitro Studies

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3467
Author(s):  
Vlad Constantin Ursachi ◽  
Gianina Dodi ◽  
Alina Gabriela Rusu ◽  
Cosmin Teodor Mihai ◽  
Liliana Verestiuc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agent ◽  
Magnetic Core ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
Polymeric Surface ◽  
Tumor Recognition ◽  
Surface Shell

A considerable interest in cancer research is represented by the development of magnetic nanoparticles based on biofunctionalized polymers for controlled-release systems of hydrophobic chemotherapeutic drugs targeted only to the tumor sites, without affecting normal cells. The objective of the paper is to present the synthesis and in vitro evaluation of the nanocomposites that include a magnetic core able to direct the systems to the target, a polymeric surface shell that provides stabilization and multi-functionality, a chemotherapeutic agent, Paclitaxel (PTX), and a biotin tumor recognition layer. To our best knowledge, there are no studies concerning development of magnetic nanoparticles obtained by partial oxidation, based on biotinylated N-palmitoyl chitosan loaded with PTX. The structure, external morphology, size distribution, colloidal and magnetic properties analyses confirmed the formation of well-defined crystalline magnetite conjugates, with broad distribution, relatively high saturation magnetization and irregular shape. Even if the ability of the nanoparticles to release the drug in 72 h was demonstrated, further complex in vitro and in vivo studies will be performed in order to validate the magnetic nanoparticles as PTX delivery system.

Potential Uses of Vinegar as a Medicine and Related in vivo Mechanisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 127-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeshan Ali ◽  
Zhenbin Wang ◽  
Rai Muhammad Amir ◽  
Shoaib Younas ◽  
Asif Wali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Positive Effect

While the use of vinegar to fi ght against infections and other crucial conditions dates back to Hippocrates, recent research has found that vinegar consumption has a positive effect on biomarkers for diabetes, cancer, and heart diseases. Different types of vinegar have been used in the world during different time periods. Vinegar is produced by a fermentation process. Foods with a high content of carbohydrates are a good source of vinegar. Review of the results of different studies performed on vinegar components reveals that the daily use of these components has a healthy impact on the physiological and chemical structure of the human body. During the era of Hippocrates, people used vinegar as a medicine to treat wounds, which means that vinegar is one of the ancient foods used as folk medicine. The purpose of the current review paper is to provide a detailed summary of the outcome of previous studies emphasizing the role of vinegar in treatment of different diseases both in acute and chronic conditions, its in vivo mechanism and the active role of different bacteria.

Action of Lysolecithin on Blood Platelets

1963 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 512-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chava Kirschmann ◽  
Sara Aloof ◽  
Andre de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Platelet Surface ◽  
Washed Platelet ◽  
Sufficient Concentration ◽  
Saline Medium

SummaryLysolecithin is adsorbed to washed blood platelets and, at sufficient concentration, lyses them, inhibits their clot-retracting activity and promotes their thromboplastin-generating activity. Lysolecithin adsorption to the platelet was studied by using P32-labelled lysolecithin obtained from the liver of rats injected with labelled orthophosphate. The amount of lysolecithin adsorbed to the surface of the washed platelet in saline medium is dependent on the concentration of lysolecithin in solution and reaches saturation — 5 × 10-8 jig per platelet — at a concentration of 9—10 µg per ml. Platelet lysis in saline medium begins at a lysolecithin concentration higher than 18 jig per ml. Plasma and albumin prevent adsorption of lysolecithin to the platelet and protect the platelet from damage by lysolecithin. Albumin is able to remove previously adsorbed lysolecithin from the platelet surface. The protective action of plasma explains the lack of platelet damage in blood, the plasma lecithin of which has been converted to lysolecithin by the action of Vipera palestinae venom phosphatidase, in vitro and in vivo.

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