scholarly journals Psychological Reactions and Persistent Facial Pain following Enucleation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Dominic Hegarty ◽  
Daniel Coakley ◽  
Ian Dooley
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Facial Pain ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Persistent Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

Background. Enucleation is a psychologically and physically traumatic event associated with chronic pain. It would be desirable to better predict which patients will have pain after surgery. Methods. A cross-sectional postal questionnaire study of adults undergoing enucleation captured the demographic details, Pain Quality Assessment Scale (PQAS), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), and the Facial Pain Assessment questionnaire. Patients were classified as suffering from chronic pain if they reported a pain score of >1 out of 10 on the numerical pain score (NRS). Results. Seventeen of 60 adults participated in the study. 47% of patients reported chronic pain (mean pain score = 1.4 ± 0.7, n=17); 25% experienced pain daily. No difference in age, surgical side, reason for surgery, or the duration of time since the surgery was noted. All patients had low PQAS scores and 50% of individuals with persistent pain were concerned about their facial appearance. There was no significant difference in the level of catastrophization noted in patients with or without pain or between the subgroups (rumination, magnification, or helplessness). Conclusions. Although persistent pain following enucleation affected a significant number of patients, the pain intensity was mild. Enucleation influenced the physical perception some individuals had of themselves.

PREVALENCE OF ESSENTIAL ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS OF DAGESTAN AND THE CONTENT OF Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb IN SOILS AND NATURAL WATERS OF THE TERRITORY

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
Sh.K. Salikhov ◽  
◽  
D.Z. Alieva ◽  
U.A. Magomedova ◽  
S.О. Abdulkadyrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Geochemical Factors ◽  
Essential Arterial Hypertension ◽  
The Republic

The aim of the study is to determine the role of geochemical factors (the content of Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb in soils and natural waters of the plain zone of Dagestan) in the prevalence of essential arterial hypertension (EAH) among the population of children. Materials and methods of research: an observational cross-sectional (one-step) study of the prevalence of EAH in the child population was carried out. The prevalence rates of EAH among children in the plain zone of the Republic of Dagestan are calculated for 100,000 children 0–17 years old, without taking into account gender differences. The content of elements (Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb) in the environment (soil, natural waters) was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results: one-way analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA) of indicators of the content of metals (Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb) in the regions and objects (soils, natural waters) of the study revealed a statistically significant difference in the data (for soils: F=81,06772, p<0,0002; for natural waters: F=58,86451, p<0,00001). The dependence of children's EAH on the content of chemical elements in the objects of the biosphere of Dagestan was determined, which was expressed in an increase in the number of patients with EAH when Pb content exceeded (r=+ 0,576, r=+ 0,759) and with the decrease of Mg (r=–0,668, r=–0,173), K (r=–0,440, r=–0,636), Ca (r=–0,693, r=–0,533), Zn (r=–0,051, r=–0,827) in soils and natural waters. Conclusion: when assessing the pathogenesis of EAH in the population of children, the content of Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb in soil and water should be taken into account, since these microelements, entering the body with water and food, affect the elemental status of child's body.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Characteristics of Chronic Pain in Buprenorphine and Methadone-Maintained Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Delorme ◽  
Lucie Pennel ◽  
Georges Brousse ◽  
Jean-Pierre Daulouède ◽  
Jean-Michel Delile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Opioid Agonist ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Chronic Pain Patients ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Pain Patients

Chronic pain and substance use disorders frequently co-occur. Indeed, chronic pain is highly prevalent, affecting 23–68% of patients receiving opioid agonist treatments (OAT) worldwide. The majority of available estimates come from American studies, but data are still lacking in Europe. We aim to provide European estimates of the prevalence of chronic pain in patients receiving OAT using French data, since France is the first European country in terms of number of patients with OAT. The secondary objectives were to characterize the features and management of chronic pain, as well identify associated risk factors. We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional study, recruiting patients treated either with buprenorphine or methadone in 19 French addiction centers, from May to July 2016. All participants had to complete a semi-directed questionnaire that collected sociodemographic and medical data, pain characteristics, and licit or illicit drug consumption. In total, 509 patients were included. The prevalence of chronic pain was estimated at 33.2% (95% CI: 29.1–37.3). Compared to non-chronic pain patients, chronic pain patients were older (38.4 vs. 36.1 years, p = 0.006), were more unemployed (66 vs. 52%, p = 0.003), had more psychiatric comorbidities (50 vs. 39%, p = 0.02), and split their OAT for pain management more frequently (24 vs. 7%, p = 0.009). Pain intensity was moderate or severe in 75% of chronic pain patients. Among patients with chronic pain, 15.4% were not prescribed, and did not self-medicate with, any analgesic drugs, 52.1% were prescribed analgesics (non-opioid analgesics, 76.3%; codeine, tramadol, opium, 27.2%; and morphine, fentanyl, oxycodone, 11.8%), and 32.5% exclusively self-medicated with analgesics. Moreover, 20.1% of patients with chronic pain also used illicit drugs for pain relief. On multivariate analysis, variables that remained significantly associated with chronic pain were age [OR = 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00–1.05], p = 0.02], anxiety [OR = 1.52 (1.15–2.02), p = 0.003], and depression [OR = 1.25 (1.00–1.55), p = 0.05]. Chronic pain is a highly prevalent condition in patients receiving OAT, and its appropriate management remains uncertain, since insufficient relief and frequent additional self-medications with analgesics or illicit drugs were reported by these patients. Increased awareness among caregivers is urgently needed regarding a systematic and careful assessment, along with an adequate management of chronic pain in patients receiving OAT.

Social deprivation and paediatric chronic pain referrals in Ireland: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eveline Matthews ◽  
Maeve Muldoon ◽  
Norma O’Keeffe ◽  
Kevin F. McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disadvantaged Group ◽  
Pain Characteristics

Abstract Objectives Social deprivation is associated with a higher prevalence of chronic pain in children and an under-representation in specialist paediatric chronic pain programs. Our primary objective was to determine if there was a relationship between social deprivation and paediatric chronic pain referrals in Ireland. Secondary objectives included analysing for differences between deprivation groups in pain characteristics and function that are recorded at first clinic visit. Methods Families attending the national paediatric complex pain service in Dublin, Ireland, complete questionnaires on pain characteristics, parental pain catastrophizing, and pain-related disability including sleep quality and school attendance. We retrospectively reviewed records from between February 2016 and November 2019 on 288 patients. Social deprivation was assessed using the Pobal HP Deprivation Index, which is based on data from the Irish national census. Results Referrals followed a normal distribution across deprivation grades. Children in the disadvantaged group had a longer duration of pain, greater use of screens at bedtime, and longer sleep onset latency. Parents in the disadvantaged group had significantly higher levels of parental pain catastrophizing. Conclusions In Ireland, while paediatric chronic pain referrals were normally distributed across deprivation group, the disadvantaged group was different in several ways that may be clinically significant. Further work will be needed to determine the longitudinal relationship between these factors before and after the referral and initial review. Screening for, and targeting, potential risk factors for pain chronicity may be needed to harmonize treatment outcomes in children from socially disadvantaged families.

Dentists’ preferences for diagnosis, management and referral of chronic oro-facial pain: Results from a national survey

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 662-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal R Aggarwal ◽  
Amy Joughin ◽  
Joanna Zakrzewska ◽  
Priscilla Appelbe ◽  
Martin Tickle
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Facial Pain ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specialist Services ◽  
Primary Care Practitioners ◽  
Pain Symptoms ◽  
The Uk

Aim: To explore the diagnosis, treatment and referral patterns of chronic oro-facial pain patients by generalist primary care dentists (GDPs) in the UK. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a non-stratified random sample of 500 GDPs who were selected from the General Dental Council register. A self-complete postal questionnaire with four hypothetical clinical case scenarios describing sub-types of chronic oro-facial pain (COFP) was used to investigate diagnosis, treatment and referral options of GDPs. Results: Two hundred and twenty (44%) GDPs responded. The majority correctly diagnosed temporomandibular disorder (TMD; 88%) and burning mouth syndrome (BMS; 92%). There was more variation in the diagnosis of the other cases related to persistent oro-facial pain. For TMD there was a clear preference for treatment with occlusal splint therapy, and referral to a temporomandibular joint (TMJ) specialist. The BMS scenario showed drug therapy and referral to an oral medicine specialist to be most popular. The chronic oro-facial pain cases had greater variation in management and choice of psychotherapy was related to duration of pain symptoms. Conclusions: The greater variation in responses to scenarios based on patients with chronic oro-facial pain may reflect the difficulty clinicians face in diagnosing and treating this condition. Management appears to follow a biomedical model and most clinicians chose to refer patients for treatment. There are few specialist services to cater for such referrals, indicating a need to train primary care practitioners in management of chronic COFP, along with the establishment of evidence-based guidelines.

scholarly journals Assessment of knowledge about Tetanus Diphtheria vaccination of patients with trauma among medical interns: an analytical cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-25
Author(s):  
Parham Maroufi ◽  
Jafar Ghobadi ◽  
Mina Mojarrad ◽  
Ali Adib
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tetanus Vaccination ◽  
Medical Interns ◽  
And Gender

Introduction: Considering the importance of tetanus vaccination in children and adults, recognizing the necessities and priorities of tetanus vaccine injection is essential for health care providers. Medical interns have a crucial role in treating patients at hospitals and as future physicians. This study aims to evaluate Tabriz University of Medical Sciences medical interns' knowledge about tetanus vaccination in patients with trauma. Methods: All interns of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences enrolled in the study. Interns who did not want to participate in the study and those on-call were excluded from the study. Eventually, 250 interns gathered in a conference hall, and a questionnaire of 10 questions was presented to them as a hypothetical traumatic event. Correct and incorrect answers to each question, age, and gender were analyzed. Results: Only in three questions, more than half of the participants answered correctly. These were questions 10, 1, and 2, with 67.2%, 59.2%, and 50.8% of participants answering them correctly, respectively. Also, in 5 questions, less than 20% answered correctly. The maximum overall score was 7. Analysis of these results between the two sexes did not show a significant difference in the number of correct answers and the percentage response to each question. Additionally, age was not indicated as a variable involved in the total score of the participants. Conclusion: Regardless of the age and gender, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences’ medical interns’ knowledge about the precise indications of tetanus prevention in adults and children is poor.

scholarly journals Multi-centre comparison of self-management in patients with COPD

2021 ◽  
pp. 00252-2021
Author(s):  
Ritsuko Wakabayashi ◽  
Jean Bourbeau ◽  
Maria F. Sedeno ◽  
Takashi Motegi ◽  
Tomoko Kutsuzawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emergency Visits ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), self-management (SM) plays an important role in disease management. Recently, SM programmes have expanded patient education practices to include a variety of disease management techniques. We hypothesised that COPD patients have insufficient and/or different SM needs according to institution. We compared information needs of patients between specialised clinics in Canada (SCC) and Japan (SCJ), and a hospital outpatient clinic in Japan (HCJ), all employing different SM interventions.This cross-sectional study evaluated patients’ information needs for disease management using the lung information needs questionnaire (LINQ). Further, we assessed pulmonary function tests, modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale (MMRC), and frequencies of hospitalisations and emergency visits.The total number of patients was 183. SCC were younger (p=0.047), with lower FEV1%predicted (p<0.0001) and scored higher on MMRC. Total LINQ scores showed differences among institutions (p<0.0001). There was no difference for the smoking domain; however, SCC recorded significantly lower information needs for all other domains (p<0.02). No significant difference in emergency visits was seen among institutions but HCJ recorded the highest rate of emergency visits, while SCC had significantly higher rates of hospitalisation (p=0.004). Differences were seen for frequency and duration of education between institutions.These results highlight the differences in information needs by institution and the importance of assessing individual needs. We believe our findings, although only one aspect of SM, reflect real-world circumstances adding to the argument that an SM education should be structured but flexible to meet the changing needs of COPD patients.

scholarly journals New Evidence on the Biobehavioral Mechanisms of Chronic Pain in Aging African Americans

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 784-784
Author(s):  
Staja Booker
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Older African Americans ◽  
New Evidence

Abstract African American older adults are living longer with chronic pain, which presents a huge personal and societal burden. A growing group of scholars are now devoted to accurately and precisely characterizing and phenotyping the experience of pain in aging using within-group and advanced methodological designs to elucidate the biopsychosocial-behavioral responses to pain. In this symposium, five dynamic presenters present new evidence on mechanisms of pain in older African-Americans. Dr. Roach’s investigation reveals the effect of genetic alterations of sickle cell disease (SCD) on stress-related pain in younger and older adults; this scientific inquiry is especially important because there is little research on SCD in aging. Next, Dr. Terry, extends these findings by exploring the association between psychosocial factors such as experiences of discrimination, pain catastrophizing, and perceived stress on neural (brain) responses via magnetic resonance imaging. From a clinical perspective, Dr. Booker reports on the first-ever model of intra-racial differences in movement-evoked pain in older African-Americans with knee osteoarthritis and healthy controls. Our final two presenters use a translational approach to identify how older African-Americans cope with chronic pain. Dr. Robinson-Lane’s study highlights the unique experience and predictors of coping, adaptation, and self-management of chronic pain in Black dementia caregivers. Finally, Dr. Cobb’s research from a large cross-sectional study correlates social, behavioral, and health factors with opioid and psychotropic use in economically disadvantaged older African-Americans. This symposium offers novel ways of understanding social determinants of pain and assisting African-Americans and their caregivers to manage complex chronic pain in later life.

scholarly journals What Do Our Nurses Know about Managing Patient with Permanent Pacemakers?

Jurnal NERS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Muhamad Al Muizz Ismail ◽  
Nor Marini Ibrahim ◽  
Muhammad Kamil Che Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Pacemaker Implantation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Introduction: The number of patients with pacemaker implant is increasing in the health services sector in Malaysia, which requires nurses to have expertise in patient care with pacemaker implantation. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyse the level of knowledge among nurses regarding the management of patients with pacemaker implantation.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted through purposive sampling among all nurses working at the critical care unit, intensive care unit, cardiac rehabilitation ward, investigation clinical laboratory, and non-invasive clinical laboratory in a public hospital in Kelantan. A questionnaire consisted of demographic data and nurses’ knowledge was distributed. Data were analysed for descriptive analysis and using Pearson correlation test.Results: Results from all respondents (n=70), show  48.6 % of the respondents had moderate knowledge about patient management with pacemaker implantation, 32.9 % had a low level of knowledge and only 13.6% had high knowledge regarding management of patient with pacemaker implantation. There is a significant difference between the level of knowledge and demographic data, that is between the level of education (p=0.027), age (p=0.011) and length of service (p=0.015). There is no significant relationship between knowledge and demographic data, such as gender (p=0.481), marital status (p=0.315), and post-basic (p=0.067).Conclusion: Level of knowledge among nurses about the management of patient with pacemaker implantation is low to moderate. Additional education and exposure among nurses are needed to enhance the knowledge of nurses and improve the quality of care among patients with pacemaker implant.

scholarly journals Early enteral nutrition in acute pancreatitis - how beneficial is it?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shruthikamal Venkat ◽  
Rajesh Subramaniam ◽  
Vijai Raveendran
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Early Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Severe Pancreatitis ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease of pancreas and is one of the leading cause of acute abdomen requiring hospital admission. Nutritional support plays a crucial role in this hypercatabolic state in not only providing calories but also in preventing complications and decreasing recovery time.Methods: This prospective study was done among 120 patients with acute moderate and severe pancreatitis who got admitted in department of general surgery at Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India between 2018 and 2019.Results: 67 (55.8%) patients were in early enteral and 53 (44.2%) were in parenteral/delayed enteral group. Maximum number of patients were in 30-40 years age group. The mean of patient age was 40.33. Mean duration of hospital stay in enteral group was 7.06 and in parenteral/delayed enteral group it was 14.09 (p<0.001). Mean pain score in enteral group was 2.69 and in parenteral group it was 6.51 (p<0.001).Conclusions: There was significant (p<0.001) decrease in hospital stay duration and pain score in early enteral group compared to parenteral/delayed enteral group. Infections related to feeding route was found high in parenteral group. No significant difference found in complications of acute pancreatitis. Hence early enteral feeding is more beneficial in terms of shortened hospital stay, decreased pain score leading to reduction in usage of analgesics and reducing the recovery time and less nutrition related complications in management of acute moderate and severe pancreatitis.

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Epidural Analgesia versus Traditional Analgesia for Relief of Labour Pain

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
ABM Shafiul Anam ◽  
Pervez Rahman ◽  
Miraj Hossain ◽  
Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Rahena Khatun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidural Analgesia ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Labour Pain ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Traditional Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
Data Collection Sheet ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group B

Background: Labour pain, a form of acute pain, intensity of the pain is perceived by many women as very severe or intolerable especially in nulliparous. Providing effective and safe analgesia during labour has remained an ongoing challenge. Multiple pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic options are available to manage labour pain. Epidural analgesia have reported nearly complete pain relief with effective labour conduction. Objective: Purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of epidural analgesia and pethidine during labour and delivery. Materials & Methods: This cross sectional comparative study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety between epidural and traditional analgesia on nulliparous women in labour. Subjects were grouped into two, group A received epidural & group B received traditional analgesia, each group comprising with 40 patients. Then the subjects were followed up and outcomes were recorded in a preformed data collection sheet. Results: The two groups were almost identical. Maternal age, gestational age and preinduction pain score (p = 0.127, p = 0.454 and p = 0.186 respectively). Study demonstrated earlier onset, pain score at different time intervals and the time of delivery were lower in epidural group than traditional (p < 0.001). No significant difference of complications (p = 0.431). Two(5%) patients in the epidural and five(12.5%) in the traditional group required caesarean delivery (p=0.455). No significance on neonatal outcome. Conclusion: Epidural analgesia induces a much earlier onset, intensity of pain reduced to a tolerable level and maintained up to delivery which not attained in the traditional method of analgesia. KYAMC Journal.2021;12(02): 66-70

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