Flavonoids inJuglans regiaL. Leaves and Evaluation ofIn VitroAntioxidant Activity via Intracellular and Chemical Methods

Flavonoids are rich inJuglans regiaL. leaves. They have potent antioxidant properties, which have been related to regulating immune function and enhancing anticancer activity. Herein, qualitative and quantitative determination of flavonoids fromJ. regialeaves was carried out using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization and negative ion detection (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) by comparison of the retention times and mass spectral fragments with standard substances or related literatures. Seventeen compounds were identified and major components are quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (453.11 μg/g, dry weight), quercetin-3-O-arabinoside (73.91 μg/g), quercetin-3-O-xyloside (70.04 μg/g), kaempferol-O-pentoside derivative (49.04 μg/g), quercetin-3-O-galactoside (48.61 μg/g), and kaempferol-O-pentoside (48.46 μg/g). Thein vitrointracellular antioxidation indicated that flavonoids fromJ. regialeaves could reduce the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in RAW264.7 cells and showed good radical scavenging activities. These results proved to be more related to the flavonoids that could be considered in the design of new formulations of dietary supplements or functional foods.

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Leaf Extracts of Aerva lanata Inhibit the Activities of Type 2 Diabetes-Related Enzymes and Possess Antioxidant Properties

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2018/3439048 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Musbau Adewunmi Akanji ◽

Samson Olasunkanmi Olukolu ◽

Mutiu Idowu Kazeem

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Chemically Induced ◽

Radical Scavenging Ability ◽

Aerva Lanata ◽

Radical Scavenging Properties

The leaves of Aerva lanata are one of the indigenous medicinal plants used in the management of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in Africa. However, its effect on the activities of diabetes-related enzymes has not been investigated. This study evaluated the in vitro inhibitory effects of different extracts of the A. lanata leaf on the activities of diabetes-related enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) and chemically induced free radicals. Aqueous, ethanol, and hydroethanol extracts of A. lanata leaves were subjected to a standard enzyme inhibition assay followed by determination of modes of inhibition of the enzymes. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS). The results obtained showed that the hydroethanol extract of the A. lanata leaf optimally inhibited both α-amylase (IC50: 2.42 mg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC50: 0.23 mg/mL). The Lineweaver-Burk plot revealed that the mode of inhibition of both enzymes by the hydroethanol extract was uncompetitive. However, the hydroethanol and aqueous extracts displayed the best DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging ability, respectively. It can be concluded that the A. lanata extract inhibited the activities of both α-amylase and α-glucosidase uncompetitively, which may be attributed to its free radical-scavenging properties and rich phenolic composition.

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Antioxidant Capacities of Jujube Fruit Seeds and Peel Pulp

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10176007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (17) ◽

pp. 6007 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yung-Sheng Lin ◽

Wen-Shin Lin ◽

Jing-Wen Tung ◽

Ya-Chih Cheng ◽

Min-Yun Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Jujube Fruit

In this study, the effects of different fruit parts and extraction conditions on the antioxidant properties of jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) fruit were investigated. Five in vitro antioxidant models and statistical analyses were performed. The results revealed that jujube peel with pulp (peel pulp) exhibited better antioxidant capacity than did seeds. Overall, jujube peel pulp extracted using 50% ethanol at 60 °C exhibited the best antioxidant capacity in terms of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (0.3 ± 0 mg/mL), 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity (0.5 ± 0 mg/mL), total phenolic content (38.3 ± 0.4 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram dry weight), total flavonoid content (43.8 ± 0.2 mg quercetin equivalent per gram dry weight), and reducing power (41.9 ± 2.2 mg ascorbic acid equivalent per gram dry weight). The results indicated that jujube peel pulp is a more potential natural antioxidant than seeds.

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2-{[(4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methylidene]hydrazinylidene}-4-oxo-1,3-thiazolidin-5-yl Acetic Acid

Molbank ◽

10.3390/m1009 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 (3) ◽

pp. M1009 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sangeetha Karanth ◽

Badiadka Narayana ◽

Sharath Kodandoor ◽

Balladka Sarojini

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Title Compound ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antioxidant Property ◽

Mass Spectral ◽

Bacterial Enzyme ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal

Thia-Michael addition of 2-[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methylidene]hydrazine-1-carbothioamide (1) with maleic anhydride results in the formation of the title compound 2-{[(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methylidene]hydrazinylidene}-4-oxo-1,3-thiazolidin-5-yl acetic acid 2. The precursor 1 is synthesized by the reaction of 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde and thiosemicarbazide in the presence of glacial acetic acid as the catalyst. The structure of the title compound is determined by elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectral data. In order to determine the molecular interactions with the bacterial enzyme, the title compound is further docked into the active site of the MurB protein of Staphylococcus aureus (PDB ID: 1HSK). The in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity of the title compound is carried out in order to appraise its antimicrobial efficacy by determination of zone of inhibition and minimal inhibitory concentration. The compound is also evaluated for its antioxidant property by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay.

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Ophiorrhiza mungos var. angustifolia – Estimation of camptothecin and pharmacological screening

Plant Science Today ◽

10.14719/pst.2018.5.3.395 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 113-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

G Krishna Kumar ◽

A Muhammed Fayad ◽

A Jayakumaran Nair

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Therapeutic Principles ◽

Reducing Power Assay

Ophiorrhiza mungose var. angustifolia (Thwaites) Hook. f (Family- Rubiaceae) is a recently identified plant from Ophiorrhiza species in Western Ghats of Kerala. The plant is a promising candidate for the production of camptothecin (CPT) - a high value anticancer compound. Preliminary screening of hexane and methanol extract revealed the presence of phenolics, flavonoids, caumarins, steroids, terpeanoids, saponins, carbohydrates and alkaloids. Camptothecin was estimated from methanol extract using high performance liquid chromatography and the level of CPT was 297.94 ± 2.27 µg/g dry weight. The in vitro antioxidant assay revealed both extract showed moderate level of total phenolic content, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, ferric chloride reducing power assay, phospho-molybdate assay of total anti-oxidant capacity and nitric oxide scavenging activity assay. Antimicrobial study reveals that only hexane extract inhibits pathogenic bacteria and fungus. Overall these findings will lead to isolation of active compounds other than camptothecin, elucidate them against wider range of bioactivity studies to find new therapeutic principles.

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PHYTOCHEMICAL EVALUATION AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT STATUS OF CLERODENDRUM VOLUBILE (AN INDIGENOUS MEDICINAL PLANT)

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.22200/pjpr.2016277-88 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 77 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Tomisin Happy Ogunwa ◽

Tolulope Tosin Adeyelu ◽

Rotimi Yemi Fasimoye ◽

Mary Bose Oyewale ◽

Taiwo Ademola Ademoye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Research Work ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Dpph Radical

ABSTRACTClerodenrum volubile is an important locally used medicinal plant. It is one of the essential herbs nature has provided for mankind to be consumed as spices, vegetable and also used in the treatment of diseases. Qualitative phytoconstituent screening of the plant revealed the presence of steroids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and phenolic compound while chalcones, alkaloid and anthraquinone were absent. Quantitative phytochemical evaluation showed values of 8.29±1.26mg/g rutin equivalent for flavonoids, 3.53±0.05mg/g gallic acid equivalent for phenol, 3.97±0.03mg/g tannic acid equivalent for tannins and 13.67±1.27% for saponin per dry weight. As it is imperative to extend research work on therapeutic effects of the arsenal of plants nature has given to us in Africa so as to obtain a cure for various diseases attacking human’s health, antioxidant properties of the plant was evaluated. Antioxidant models used include iron chelating, DPPH radical, superoxide ion, hydrogen peroxide, ABTS radical, hydroxyl radical scavenging activities and ferric ion reducing properties. The obtained IC50 values against DPPH radical were 141.342 and 120.349µg/mL for Clerodendrum volubile and trolox respectively. The chelating effect of the plant extract at 50% inhibition was close to that of ascorbic acid (standard) with 134.34 and 131.19µg/mL concentration respectively. Overall, the aqueous extract of the plant showed antioxidant potential which was close to the effects exerted by known standard antioxidants (ascorbic acid, trolox and EDTA). The plant could hence provide natural antioxidants which are needed to combat numerous free radical-mediated diseases and complications such as aging, cancer, atherosclerosis, which are linked with oxidative stress.

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Development of HPTLC method for determination of α-terpinyl acetate, and evaluation of antioxidant properties of essential oils in Elettaria cardamomum

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.4314/tjpr.v18i10.20 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 2139-2145

Author(s):

Aftab Alam ◽

Rita Singh Majumdar ◽

Pravej Alam

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

High Performance ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antioxidant Property ◽

Good Resolution ◽

Elettaria Cardamomum ◽

Hptlc Method

Purpose: To develop a simple and reliable protocol for high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) quantification of α-terpinyl acetate in oils extracted from Elettaria cardamomum, and to study relative antioxidant potential of oils obtained from three varieties of fruits of E. cardamomum. Methods: Essential oil was extracted separately from the fruits of three varieties of E. cardamomum, viz, Valley-green, Palakuzhi, and ICRI-2, using hydro-distillation method. In the development of an HPTLC method, standard α-terpinyl acetate was subjected to chromatography on aluminium-backed silica gel 60 F254 plates using a mobile phase of n-hexane: ethyl acetate (8:2, v/v), and quantified at 665 nm through densitometric analysis. The antioxidant property of essential oil of each cultivar was determined with respect to 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging assays, as well as ferric reducing assay. Results: The developed HPTLC method showed a good resolution for α-terpinyl acetate, with Rf of 0.64 ± 0.01, and also showed good linearity of the calibration plots (r2 = 0.9982). The HPTLC method was validated as per ICH guidelines, and used for the determination of α-terpinyl acetate in the essential oils. The valley green variety of E. cardamomum had the highest content of α-terpinyl acetate (55.36 ± 1.33 %w/w). The inhibitory capacity (IC50 value) for the oil of valley green variety as determined using DPPH and ABTS methods was 378.2 and 19.87 μg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: The proposed HPTLC method is suitable for routine analysis of α-terpinyl acetate in medicinal herbs, and it reveals the role of α-terpinyl acetate in the antioxidant efficacy of cardamom oil.

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Characterization of Arils Juice and Peel Decoction of Fifteen Varieties of Punica granatum L.: A Focus on Anthocyanins, Ellagitannins and Polysaccharides

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9030238 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 238 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Diletta Balli ◽

Lorenzo Cecchi ◽

Mohamad Khatib ◽

Maria Bellumori ◽

Francesco Cairone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

High Performance ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Punica Granatum ◽

Array Detector ◽

Anthocyanin Content ◽

Inhibitory Capacity

Pomegranate is receiving renewed commercial and scientific interest, therefore a deeper knowledge of the chemical composition of the fruits of less studied varieties is required. In this work, juices from arils and decoctions from mesocarp plus exocarp were prepared from fifteen varieties. Samples were submitted to High Performance Liquid Chromatography—Diode Array Detector–Mass Spectrometry, spectrophotometric and colorimetric CIEL*a*b* analyses. Antioxidant, antiradical and metal chelating properties, inhibitory activity against tyrosinase and α-amylase enzymes were also evaluated. All varieties presented the same main phenols; anthocyanins and ellagitannins were widely variable among varieties, with the richest anthocyanin content in the juices from the Wonderful and Soft Seed Maule varieties (approx. 660 mg/L) and the highest ellagitannin content in the peel of the Black variety (approx. 133 mg/g dry matter). A good correlation was shown between the colour hue and the delphinidin/cyanidin ratio in juices (R2 = 0.885). Total polysaccharide yield ranged from 3% to 12% of the peels’ dry weight, with the highest content in the Black variety. Decoctions (24.44–118.50 mg KAE/g) showed better in vitro antioxidant properties and higher inhibitory capacity against tyrosinase than juices (not active-16.56 mg KAE/g); the inhibitory capacity against α-amylase was similar and quite potent for juices and decoctions. Knowledge about the chemical composition of different pomegranate varieties will allow for a more aware use of the different parts of the fruit.

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CHEMO-PROFILING AND ASSESSMENT OF IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT EFFICACY OF EIGHT FERNS OF DARJEELING HIMALAYAS, INDIA

10.36106/ijsr/0744528 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 25-27

Author(s):

Nishika Jaishee ◽

Rohini Lama ◽

Usha Chakraborty

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

High Performance ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Darjeeling Himalayas

AIM: The present study was performed to prole some phenolics and explore the antioxidant effect of eight locally available ferns collected from different places of Darjeeling Himalayas, India. Methods: The antioxidant activities of methanol (MeOH) extract was evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Qualitative analysis of phenol was done using standard methods. Further, characterization of phenolics was done using High performance liquid chromatography. Result: The content of phenolics ranged from 6.77 to 60.066mg FAE/g dry weight. The DPPH antioxidant activity expressed as IC values 50 revealed Nephrolepis cordifolia and Microsorum punctatum to exhibit highest and lowest antioxidative activity respectively. Moderate correlation 2 (R =0.547) was observed between the total phenolics content and antioxidant activity. HPLC analysis of phenolics from all the investigated plants revealed the presence of caffeic acid, ferulic acid and salicylic acid while the other phenolics such as phloroglucinol, gallic acid, pyrogallol, 3,4- dihy droxybenzoic acid, catechol, catechin, chlorogenic acid, caffeine, vanillic acid and cinnamic acid were not uniformly present in all the plants. The phenolic contents values showed wide variation among themselves, as well as within different plants. These ferns with considerable amount of phenolics can be the potential source of natural antioxidants.

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High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography Densitometric Determination of β-Sitosterol in Phyllanthus Species

Journal of AOAC International ◽

10.1093/jaoac/92.5.1343 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 92 (5) ◽

pp. 1343-1348 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Barbara Sparzak ◽

Mirosawa Krauze-Baranowska ◽

Loretta Pobocka-Olech

Keyword(s):

Plant Material ◽

Mobile Phase ◽

High Performance ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Phosphomolybdic Acid ◽

In Vitro Cultures ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Interday Precision

Abstract An HPTLC densitometric method was established for the determination of -sitosterol in in vitro cultures of some species of the genus Phyllanthus. Two derivatization reagents commonly used in TLC for the visualization and detection of sterols, namely, anisaldehyde reagent and 5 phosphomolybdic acid, were compared with vanillin reagent. The densitometric quantification of -sitosterol was carried out on HPTLC Si60 F254 plates with the mobile phase chloroformhexanemethanol (65 + 30 + 5, v/v/v) at 525 nm. The method was validated for each derivatization reagent in terms of linearity, precision, repeatability, intra- and interday precision, LOD, and LOQ. The presence of -sitosterol was revealed in all analyzed plant material. The concentrations of -sitosterol determined ranged from 0.48 to 2.75 mg/g (dry weight). In addition, traces of -amyrin were detected in some plant samples.

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