scholarly journals Submasseteric Tuberculous Lesion of Mandible: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Donepudi Nanda Kishore ◽  
N. T. Geetha ◽  
K. V. Umashankara ◽  
Kirthi Kumar Rai
Keyword(s):  
Health Hazard ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tuberculous Infection ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Incisional Biopsy ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Antituberculosis Therapy ◽  
Tuberculous Lesion

Tuberculosis is still a major health hazard in the developing world, while its incidence has recently started to escalate after decreasing for many years. It is a chronic granulomatous disease that can affect any part of the body, including the oral cavity. Oral lesions of tuberculosis, though uncommon, are seen in both the primary and secondary stages of the disease. This paper presents a case of tuberculosis of the submasseteric space, manifesting as a persistent swelling at ramus and angle of mandible. The diagnosis was confirmed based on histopathology after an open incisional biopsy. Patient underwent antituberculosis therapy and his extraoral swelling completely resolved after 4 months of the therapy. The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the importance of early and definitive diagnosis of orofacial tuberculosis, to recognize it based on signs and symptoms, and to refer the patients suspected of active tuberculous infection for appropriate medical treatment.

scholarly journals Concept of Zaght al-Dam-Qawi (Hypertension) and its Management Modalities in Unani System of Medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Mohd Abid ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Hazard ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Body ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Organic World ◽  
Day By Day

The scope of Unani medicine is increasing day by day as people are becoming more interested in herbal and organic world. However, Unani (herbal) knowledge needs to be coupled with scientific documented research done to verify its efficacy. The aim of this paper is to provide updated knowledge on hypertension and its management in the Unani system of medicine. Hypertension is a major health hazard globally especially in developed countries. In the Unani system of medicine, there are mudirrat (diuretics) to reduce body fluids and minerals, and musakkin (relaxants) and munawwim (sedatives) are also advised by Unani physicians to reduce anxiety. Unani physician, Razi recommends venesection for this particular ailment. Unani physicians have given the concept of hypertension as “Imtila-ba-Hasb-ul-Auiya” and have said that this occurs due to sue-e-mizaj damwi and comes under the heading of Imtila. Literally ‘Imtala’ means gathering and fullness of the body with madda (fluids). To be precise, it means there is a buildup of normal or abnormal fluids in the body. Unani physicians were all aware of the concept of Zaghta e damwi (blood pressure). Systole as ‘Zaghta-e-Inqabazi’ and diastole as ‘Zaghta-e-Inbesati’ is well depicted in the Unani literature. Most of the world’s population, mainly in developing countries, use herbal medicines for primary health care because of their ancient tradition, culture, and minor side effects. Various kinds of research have been conducted regarding the hypotensive and antihypertensive therapeutic values of local medicinal plants in the recent past, and they have provided evidence for the antihypertensive effects of some of these plants.

Oral Tuberculosis with Advanced Diagnostic Trends

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-207
Author(s):  
V Pavithra ◽  
K Vineeth Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Excisional Biopsy ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tuberculous Infection ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Granulomatous Lesion ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT Tuberculosis (TB) is a universally known chronic infectious disease that can affect any part of the body including oral cavity. Though usually affects the lungs, tubercle bacilli can spread hematogenously to involve other parts of the body. Oral lesions, although rare, are very important for early diagnosis and interception of primary TB. Here, we report a case of oral TB that manifested as painless extraoral swelling on the right side of the mandible which was initially small, later increased in size within 3 months. The patient was asymptomatic for pulmonary TB. Excisional biopsy was done. The histopathological section showed granulomatous lesion, and Ziehl—Neelsen (ZN) stain showed acid-fast magenta color rods suggesting tuberculous infection. This prompted us to validate with other advanced diagnostic technique, such as polymerized chain reaction (PCR) for tubercle bacilli. Thus, we emphasize on few advanced diagnostic techniques in the detection of the TB. How to cite this article Pavithra V, Nambiar S, Augustine D, Sowmya SV, Kumar KV, Prasad K, Rao RS. Oral Tuberculosis with Advanced Diagnostic Trends. World J Dent 2016;7(4):203-207.

Abdominal decompression illness following repetitive diving: a case report and review of the literature

2019 ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
Peter Beale ◽  
Levi Kitchen ◽  
W.R. Graf ◽  
M.E. Fenton ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
The Body ◽  
Decompression Illness ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Hyperbaric Chamber ◽  
Foreign National ◽  
Biochemical Effects ◽  
Elapsed Time ◽  
Nitrogen Bubbles ◽  
Abdominal Decompression

The complete pathophysiology of decompression illness is not yet fully understood. What is known is that the longer a diver breathes pressurized air at depth, the more likely nitrogen bubbles are to form once the diver returns to surface [1]. These bubbles have varying mechanical, embolic and biochemical effects on the body. The symptoms produced can be as mild as joint pain or as significant as severe neurologic dysfunction, cardiopulmonary collapse or death. Once clinically diagnosed, decompression illness must be treated rapidly with recompression therapy in a hyperbaric chamber. This case report involves a middle-aged male foreign national who completed three dives, all of which incurred significant bottom time (defined as: “the total elapsed time from the time the diver leaves the surface to the time he/she leaves the bottom)” [2]. The patient began to develop severe abdominal and back pain within 15 minutes of surfacing from his final dive. This case is unique, as his presentation was very concerning for other medical catastrophes that had to be quickly ruled out, prior to establishing the diagnosis of severe decompression illness. After emergency department resuscitation, labs and imaging were obtained; abdominal decompression illness was confirmed by CT, revealing a significant abdominal venous gas burden.

scholarly journals Robot-Assisted Autism Therapy (RAAT). Criteria and Types of Experiments Using Anthropomorphic and Zoomorphic Robots. Review of the Research

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3720
Author(s):  
Barbara Szymona ◽  
Marcin Maciejewski ◽  
Robert Karpiński ◽  
Kamil Jonak ◽  
Elżbieta Radzikowska-Büchner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Schema ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
The Body ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Joint Activities ◽  
Autism Therapy ◽  
Real Person ◽  
Future Work

Supporting the development of a child with autism is a multi-profile therapeutic work on disturbed areas, especially understanding and linguistic expression used in social communication and development of social contacts. Previous studies show that it is possible to perform some therapy using a robot. This article is a synthesis review of the literature on research with the use of robots in the therapy of children with the diagnosis of early childhood autism. The review includes scientific journals from 2005–2021. Using descriptors: ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorders), Social robots, and Robot-based interventions, an analysis of available research in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science was done. The results showed that a robot seems to be a great tool that encourages contact and involvement in joint activities. The review of the literature indicates the potential value of the use of robots in the therapy of people with autism as a facilitator in social contacts. Robot-Assisted Autism Therapy (RAAT) can encourage child to talk or do exercises. In the second aspect (prompting during a conversation), a robot encourages eye contact and suggests possible answers, e.g., during free conversation with a peer. In the third aspect (teaching, entertainment), the robot could play with autistic children in games supporting the development of joint attention. These types of games stimulate the development of motor skills and orientation in the body schema. In future work, a validation test would be desirable to check whether children with ASD are able to do the same with a real person by learning distrust and cheating the robot.

scholarly journals Hydatid Disease Simulating Acute Abdomen: A Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Lianos ◽  
Georgios Baltogiannis ◽  
Avrilios Lazaros ◽  
Konstantinos Vlachos
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Acute Abdominal Pain ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
The Body ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Diffuse Abdominal Pain ◽  
Operating Surgeon

Introduction. Hydatid disease is caused by the tapewormEchinococcus granulosusand is still a matter of public health in many regions of the world, where it is an endemic parasitic disease. Although the liver is the most involved organ, hydatidosis can be found anywhere in the human body. Rare forms of location may lead to diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas.Case Report. Herein we report a rare case of acute abdominal pain and progressively increasing abdominal distension due to abdominal and multiple splenic echinococcosis in a 72-year-old Caucasian male. We also provide a brief review of the literature.Conclusion. Although hydatid disease is found most often in the liver and lungs, rarely any organ of the body can be involved by this zoonosis. Though rare, the possibility of unusual location of echinococcosis must always be considered by the operating surgeon, when dealing with diffuse abdominal pain in endemic areas, because any misinterpretation may result in unfavorable outcomes.

Candida Esophagitis and Laryngitis in Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-384
Author(s):  
Roger H. Kobayashi ◽  
Howard M. Rosenblatt ◽  
Jean M. Carney ◽  
William J. Byrne ◽  
Marvin E. Ament ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Topical Therapy ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Mucocutaneous Candidiasis ◽  
Left Mainstem ◽  
Repeat Endoscopy ◽  
Intravenous Amphotericin

Five children (aged 11 to 19 years) with lifelong chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis had 12 episodes of esophageal and/or laryngeal candidiasis documented by endoscopy. Symptoms included hoarseness (8/12), dysphagia (6/12), and hemoptysis (1/12). There was poor correlation between oral lesions and esophageal or laryngeal involvement. On fiberoptic endoscopy, the esophagus was involved alone in four episodes (33%), the larynx in two episodes (17%), and both structures in six episodes (50%). In six of eight instances, the esophagram was nondiagnostic or markedly underestimated the extent of inflammation. Intravenous amphotericin B or miconazole resulted in the resolution of these infections for variable periods of time. Repeat endoscopy was used to follow the course of the disease. Aerosolized amphotericin B was effective on one occasion in clearing candidal lesions of the larynx and one small area of the left mainstem bronchus. Oral topical therapy was not beneficial. Since the signs and symptoms of laryngitis or esophagitis are often minimal or absent and complications, including strictures, may arise from chronic inflammation, periodic endoscopy and systemic therapy may be necessary.

Indian medicinal plants with antidiabetic potential: An overview

2021 ◽  
pp. 2328-2335
Author(s):  
Monika Sahu ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Veenu Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
The Body ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Chronic Disorders ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Indian Medicinal Plants

Diabetes Mellitus is the most prevalent metabolic disorder which has made it a major health threat worldwide. The available synthetic drugs for the cure of Diabetes mellitus are associated with high cost, various side effects and several limitations. Medicinal plants are the rich depots of the phytochemicals which can be useful for the treatment of chronic disorders. These plants are the better alternative to chemical drugs causing less or no harm to the body. Several plants are traditionally known for their antidiabetic properties but the detail investigation of their active molecules is required in order to be developed as therapeutic drug. Therefore, the present review aims to provide comprehensive information on various Indian medicinal plants, their constituents and mechanism of action for the cure of diabetes mellitus.

TAMI-01. BRAIN METASTASES: CURRENT LITERATURE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi198-vi198
Author(s):  
Ruchi Raval ◽  
Aadi Pandya ◽  
Jaspreet Behl ◽  
Sumul Raval
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
The Brain

Abstract PURPOSE As more information is gathered about brain metastases, it still remains that the current prognosis of brain metastases is very poor. Due to this, it is imperative that physicians are aware of the most important components regarding brain metastases. This literature review will encompass the most current literature in order to highlight the most crucial information. METHODS All mentioned studies and literature reviews cited in the paper were obtained through various sites, and were published between 1996 and 2017. The main components that were required from the papers reviewed included where in the body the brain metastases originated from, where in the brain they tended to spread to, what the signs and symptoms typical of patients with brain metastases are, and what the options are in terms of treatment. RESULTS Using the results from a variety of studies performed within the past three decades, it is apparent that brain metastases most commonly originate from, in order of increasing frequency, lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, and colorectal cancer. In addition, it is reaffirmed that the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the best diagnostic tool to be used when dealing with brain metastases. The most frequent signs and symptoms of a brain metastases include cognitive changes, headaches, weakness, and seizures. Finally, supportive treatment includes use of corticosteroids, antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), and anticoagulation therapy. Definitive treatment for brain metastases varies based on size, location, and prevalence in the brain, but the most effective options include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. CONCLUSIONS The study’s results confirm the need for more research to be done regarding brain metastases, and better options to increase the survival of patients.

Primary Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Thymus: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2006 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Payal Kapur ◽  
Dinesh Rakheja ◽  
Michael Bastasch ◽  
Kyle H. Molberg ◽  
Venetia R. Sarode
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Mucinous Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anterior Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Specific Identification ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Thymic Neoplasm

Abstract Primary thymic mucinous adenocarcinoma is extremely rare; to our knowledge, only 2 cases have been reported to date. We describe a third case of primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the thymus in a 41-year-old man who presented with an anterior mediastinal mass with subsequent metastasis to the lung. The initial diagnosis was of metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma, but extensive clinical workup of the patient failed to reveal a primary tumor elsewhere in the body. The specific identification of mucinous adenocarcinoma as a primary thymic neoplasm can be difficult or impossible. Morphologic and immunophenotypic similarities to mucinous adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract can pose diagnostic challenges for surgical pathologists, especially in small biopsy specimens.

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