scholarly journals Optimization of Phenolics Extracted fromIdesia polycarpaDefatted Fruit Residue and Its Antioxidant and Depigmenting ActivityIn VitroandIn Vivo

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Ye ◽  
Xiao-Shan Tang ◽  
Fang Chen ◽  
Lin Tang
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Tyrosinase Activity ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
B16 Mouse Melanoma ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
First Time

Extraction of phenolics fromIdesia polycarpadefatted fruit residue was optimized by the maximization of the yield in total phenolics, using the response surface methodology. The optimized conditions were 50% ethanol, 5 h extraction time, 1 : 40 liquid to solid ratio, and 80°C extraction temperature. The experimental average total phenolics yield was54.49±4.26 mg/g. These antioxidant properties of phenolics were comprehensively analyzed for the first time. All the extracts not only demonstrated the significant free radical scavenging activities and metal chelating activity but also inhibited lipid, lipoprotein peroxidation and revealed reducing power activity. Ethyl acetate extraction (EAE) also inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity and significantly increased the average skin-whitening index (Lvalue) of the skin of C57BL/6 mice, indicating its potential use for skin hyperpigmentation in humans. The results of cell experiments showed EAE could strongly inhibit cellular tyrosinase activity, which had led to the decrease of melanogenesis in B16 mouse melanoma cells. Overall, EAE is an excellent natural antioxidant and depigmenting agent, which can be developed as a new food additive, medicine, and cosmetic.

scholarly journals Process Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Arabinogalactan from Dihydroquercetin Extracted Residues by Response Surface Methodology and Evaluation of Its Antioxidant Activity

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaizhi Liu ◽  
Chunhui Ma ◽  
Lei Yang ◽  
Yuangang Zu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Optimal Extraction Condition

Ultrasound was used for the extraction of larch arabinogalactan fromLarix gmelinii. The optimal conditions for ultrasound extraction were determined by response surface methodology. Specifically, the Box-Behnken design was employed to evaluate the effects of three independent variables: ultrasound time, temperature, and liquid-solid ratio. The highest arabinogalactan yield (11.18%) was obtained under the optimal extraction condition (extraction temperature 41.5°C, extraction time 24.3 min, and liquid-solid ratio 40 mL/g). In addition, the antioxidant activity of arabinogalactan that was extracted from dihydroquercetin extraction residues exhibited a moderate and concentration-dependent hydroxyl radical-scavenging capacity, ferric-reducing power, and reducing power. The wood material was characterized before and after processing by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.

Phenolic production and antioxidant properties of some Macedonian medicinal plants

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 888-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Tusevski ◽  
Aneta Kostovska ◽  
Ana Iloska ◽  
Ljubica Trajkovska ◽  
Sonja Simic
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Promising Source

AbstractInvestigations have been made to study the production of phenolic compounds (total phenolics, flavonoids and phenylpropanoids) and total antioxidant capacity in 27 Macedonian traditional medicinal plants to improve its potential as a source of natural antioxidants. Antioxidant potential of plant extracts was analyzed by five different assays: cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), phosphomolybdenum method (PM), reducing power (RP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·) and 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS·+) radical scavenging activity. Origanum vulgare extract consistently exhibited the highest content of phenolic compounds and the strongest antioxidant capacity based on the tests performed, and can be proposed as a promising source of natural antioxidants. Melissa officinalis and Salvia ringens were also identified as valuable sources of antioxidant compounds. A positive linear correlation between antioxidant activity and total phenolics, flavonoids and phenylpropanoids indicates that these compounds are likely to be the main antioxidants contributing to the observed activities of evaluated plants. These findings suggest that the medicinal plants studied in this paper are good sources of bioactive compounds for the food and pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective studies on methanolic extract fractions of Lindernia ciliata and development of qualitative analytical profile for the bioactive extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Praneetha Pallerla ◽  
Narsimha Reddy Yellu ◽  
Ravi Kumar Bobbala
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Effective Fraction

Abstract Background The objective of the study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract fractions of Lindernia ciliata (LC) and development of qualitative analytical profile of the bioactive fraction using HPLC fingerprinting analysis. All the fractions of methanolic extract of Lindernia ciliata (LCME) are assessed for their total phenolic, flavonoid contents and in vitro antioxidant properties by using DPPH, superoxide, nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical scavenging activities and reducing power assay. Acute toxicity study was conducted for all the fractions and the two test doses 50 and 100 mg/kg were selected for the hepatoprotective study. Liver damage was induced in different groups of rats by administering 3 g/kg.b.w.p.o. paracetamol and the effect of fractions were tested for hepatoprotective potential by evaluating serum biochemical parameters and histology of liver of rats. The effective fraction was evaluated for its antihepatotoxic activity against D-Galactosamine (400 mg/kg b.w. i.p.) and in vivo antioxidant parameters viz., Glutathione (GSH), Melondialdehyde (MDA) and Catalase (CAT) levels are estimated using liver homogenate. Results Among all the fractions, butanone fraction of LCME, (BNF-LCME) has shown better hepatoprotective activity and hence it is selected to evaluate the antihepatotoxicity against D-GaIN. The activity of BNF-LCME is well supported in in vitro and in vivo antioxidant studies and may be attributed to flavonoidal, phenolic compounds present in the fraction. Hence, BNF-LCME was subjected to the development of qualitative analytical profile using HPLC finger printing analysis. Conclusions All the fractions of LCME exhibited significant hepatoprotective activity and BNF-LCME (50 mg/kg) was identified as the most effective fraction.

scholarly journals Strobilanthes heyneanus root extract as a potential source for antioxidant and antimicrobial activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijayakumar Sundaram ◽  
Selvaraju Sadhasivam ◽  
Sivaraj Chandrasekaran ◽  
Raaman Nanjian ◽  
Arjun Pandian
Keyword(s):  
Dermal Fibroblast ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Medicinal Uses

Abstract Background Strobilanthes heyneanus (Nilgirianthus heyneanus) belongs to the family Acanthaceae that contains many species with potential for diverse medicinal uses. It is also called ‘Karun kurinji’ and is commonly found in the South-West regions of India. The species are commonly used in rheumatic complaints, sprain of the ankle, and hernia. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the antioxidant activity, phytochemical analysis, and antibacterial activities of the root extract of S. heyneanus. Results The radical scavenging and reduction assays such as DPPH● radical and OH● radical scavenging assays, as well as phosphomolybdenum reduction and Fe3+ reducing power assays, were determined for the root extract. The highest DPPH● radical scavenging activity was 88.23 ± 1.32 at 120 μg/mL concentration, and the calculated IC50 was 38.52 μg/mL concentration. The highest OH● radical scavenging activity was 51.28 ± 1.06 at 120 μg/mL concentration, and the calculated IC50 was 51.28 μg/mL concentration. The highest ABTS●+ radical scavenging activity was 91.28 ± 1.12 at 30 μg/mL concentration, and the calculated IC50 was 33.92 μg/mL concentration. The highest phosphomolybdenum reduction was 87.43 ± 0.90 at 120 μg/mL concentration, and the calculated RC50 was 24.74 μg/mL concentration. The highest Fe3+ reduction was 89.38 ± 0.98 at 120 μg/mL concentration, and the calculated RC50 was 31.06 μg/mL concentration. The antibacterial activity of S. heyneanus showed the highest zone of inhibition of 24 mm for Salmonella typhi with 500 μg/mL concentration. The cytotoxicity limits of the root extracts were tested by MTT assay using human dermal fibroblast cell lines, reflecting > 90% cell viability at a concentration of 500 μg/mL. Conclusions The current study showed that the root extract of S. heyneanus has better antioxidant properties and potential anti-bacterial compounds. The phytochemical analysis of the root extract showed the presence of alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, and carbohydrates, which are responsible for the antibacterial root extract of S. heyneanus synergistically.

scholarly journals A simple new method for aged seed utilization based on melatonin-mediated germination and antioxidant nutrient production

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Yu ◽  
Xuetian Zhu ◽  
Helin Yang ◽  
Lihe Yu ◽  
Yifei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Aged Seed ◽  
Phenolics Content ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Aged Seeds

AbstractSeed deterioration, coupled with a decrease in nutrients, is unavoidable following long-term storage, and these seeds are therefore used as livestock fodder. Here, we developed a simple, rapid and efficient method of producing high amounts of antioxidants from deteriorated seeds via melatonin-induced germination. Legume seeds were subjected to high humidity at 55 °C for 12–36 h to obtain aged seeds with a 40% germination rate and severely reduced antioxidant nutrition (total phenolics content, ferric reducing power and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity). Aged seeds were then treated with 0.1 mM melatonin, resulting in the production of sprouts with a higher total phenolics content (fivefold), greater ferric reducing power (sevenfold) and greater DPPH radical scavenging capacity (twofold) compared to the aged seeds. These findings suggest that melatonin treatment efficiently converted aged seed reserve residues into antioxidant nutrients, providing an alternative use for deteriorated seeds in food production.

Phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of wheat fermented with Agaricus brasiliensis and Agaricus bisporus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei-Hong Zhai ◽  
Yan-Fei Chen ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Wen-Jing Zhao ◽  
Jian-Rong Han
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Agaricus Brasiliensis ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Abstract Solid-state fermentation with Agaricus brasiliensis and Agaricus bisporus on whole grain wheat was carried out. Phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of fermented wheat were determined. The results showed that the maximum values of polyphenols contents in wheat fermented with A. brasiliensis and A. bisporus reached respectively (3.16 ± 0.21) and (3.93 ± 0.23) mg GAE/g, which were 2.90 and 3.61 times of unfermented control. By employing ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS), 18 kinds of phenolic compounds were identified from fermented wheat. Compared with control, only 4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde was the same compound. It indicated that fermentation with the two fungi changed polyphenols contents and phenolic compounds composition in wheat to a great extent. Among these phenolic compounds, except for 4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde, 4-hydroxy-benzoic acid and β-N-(γ-glutamyl)-4-formylphenylhydrazine, other 15 kinds of phenolic compounds were first identified from mushroom samples (including fruit bodies, mycelia and fermentation products). DPPH radical scavenging capacity, reducing power, ferrous ion chelating ability and inhibition of lipid peroxidation of fermented wheat were significantly stronger than control (P < 0.05).

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties ofPhaulopsis fascisepalaC.B.Cl. (Acanthaceae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Adesegun ◽  
A. Fajana ◽  
C. I. Orabueze ◽  
H. A. B. Coker
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chelating Ability

The antioxidant activities of crude extract ofPhaulopsis fascisepalaleaf were evaluated and compared with α-tocopherol and BHT as synthetic antioxidants and ascorbic acid as natural-based antioxidant.In vitro, we studied its antioxidative activities, radical-scavenging effects, Fe2+-chelating ability and reducing power. The total phenolic content was determined and expressed in gallic acid equivalent. The extract showed variable activities in all of thesein vitrotests. The antioxidant effect ofP. fascisepalawas strongly dose dependent, increased with increasing leaf extract dose and then leveled off with further increase in extract dose. Compared to other antioxidants used in the study, α-Tocopherol, ascorbic acid and BHT,P. fascisepalaleaf extract showed less scavenging effect on α,α,-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and less reducing power on Fe3+/ferricyanide complex but better Fe2+-chelating ability. These results revealed thein vitroantioxidant activity ofP.fascisepala.Further investigations are necessary to verify these activitiesin vivo.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES AND NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF SOME GALACTOPOIETICS HERBS USED IN INDONESIA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ade Chandra Iwansyah ◽  
Rizal M. Damanik ◽  
Lilik Kustiyah ◽  
Muhammad Hanafi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Phenolics Content

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objectives of this research were to evaluate and compare the antioxidant activity; phenolics and flavonoids contents; and chemical composition of some galactopoietic herbs used in Indonesia and to find a possible relationship between antioxidant activity; phenolics, flavonoids and chemical composition of these plants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A wide range of analytical parameters was studied, including yield; pH; water activity (a<sub>w</sub>); total color difference; phenolics and flavonoids content; moisture; ash; protein; fat; carbohydrate; fiber; calcium; zinc; magnesium; potassium; iron content; and the data were analyzed by partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) to evaluate the correlation between the parameters and classification of the plants. Folin–cioceltaeu assay, aluminum chloride assay and DPPH scavenging assay were used to evaluate of total phenolics content and free radical scavenging activity of the ethanolic extract of galactopoietic herbs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All of the galactagogue herbs, <em>viz</em>. <em>Plectranthus amboinicus </em>(Lour.) (PA), <em>Sauropus androgynus</em> (SA), <em>Moringa oleifera</em> (MO), and <em>Carica papaya</em> leaves (CP) exhibited good results of TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity. MO contained the highest average of total phenolics content (53.89 mg GAE/g). SA with a ratio of total flavonoids to total phenolics (TF/TP) which is 1.59 contained the highest average of total flavonoids and antioxidant activity (IC<sub>50</sub>), 43.63 mg QE/g and 126.13 μg/ml, respectively, followed by MO&gt;CA&gt;PA. Based on PLS and PCA analysis, antioxidant activity correlated with fat, protein, phenolics content, flavonoids content and pH, but only the total flavonoids content correlated strongly with antioxidant activity.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This provides useful data about the studied relationships and chemical patterns in some galactopoietic herbs used and provides a helpful tool for understanding much more about the interpretation of results from the experiments and the mechanism of biosynthesis in plants.</p>

scholarly journals Bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties of dried apricot

2013 ◽  
pp. 193-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasna Canadanovic-Brunet ◽  
Jelena Vulic ◽  
Gordana Cetkovic ◽  
Sonja Djilas ◽  
Vesna Tumbas-Saponjac
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Power Method ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activities

Dried apricot was extracted using two different solvents: 80% ethanol and hexane. The contents of total phenolics, flavonoids and anthocyanins were determined in ethanol apricot extract (EAE), while the carotenoid content was determined in hexane apricot extracts (HAE) by spectrophotometric method. The detected amounts of bioactive compounds in dried apricot were: phenolics 498.13 ? 12.04 mg GAE/100g DA, flavonoids 218.45 ? 14.14 mg R/100g DA and anthocyanins 3.08 ? 0.40 mg CGE/100g DA. In dried apricot the ?-carotene was present in the amount of 0.56 ? 0.03 mg/100g DA. Some individual phenolic compounds in EAE were determined by HPLC analysis and the most dominant compound was gallic acid (35.02 ? 1.65 mg/100g DA). Free radical scavenging activities of EAE and HAE were tested spectrophotometrically using stable DPPH radicals and reducing power method. The EC50 value for EAE was 2.05 ? 0.06 mg/ml and for HAE was 6.28 ? 0.01 mg/ml. The RP0.5 values determined by reducing power method were 6.11 ? 0.01 mg/ml for EAE and 62.04 ? 0.03 mg/ml for HAE. The results indicate that dried apricot can be a valuable source of natural antioxidants and can be used as a functional food ingredient in the food industry.

scholarly journals Effects of solvent extraction system on antioxidant activity of Lamium purpureum L.

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-370
Author(s):  
Slavica Grujic ◽  
Ana Dzamic ◽  
Violeta Mitic ◽  
Vesna Stankov-Jovanovic ◽  
P.D. Marin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Scavenging Activity

Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts of aerial parts of Lamium purpureum L. was determined by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and TRP assays. Contents of flavonoids and phenols were also investigated. The total phenolic content in the extracts, determined using Folin?Ciocalteu assay, ranged between 8.57 to 128.00 mg GAE/g d.e. while concentrations of flavonoids in the extracts varied from 24.20 to 39.80 mg QuE/g d.e. The highest phenolic content was found in methanol extract (128.00 mg GAE/g d.e.). The highest content of total flavonoids was identified in the methanol extract (39.80 mg QuE/g d.e.) and the lowest was in the chloroform (24.30 mg QuE/g d.e.). DPPH scavenging of the extracts was determined and obtained IC50 values ranged from 0.12 to 3.12 mg/mL of solution. The values of ABTS radical scavenging activity ranged from 0.35 to 1.80 mg AA/g. The highest ABTS antiradical activity was registered for methanol extract. The FRAP value was found within the range 0.08 to 1.04 ?mol Fe/mg. The best radical scavenger was methanol (1.04 ?mol Fe/mg). In reducing power assay different extracts of L. purpureum showed increasing of activity with increased concentration, and all extracts possessed substantial dose dependent antioxidant activity. The best reducing capacity was obtained with methanol extract of L. purpureum (0.0132 mg AA/mL). The results in this study confirmed that L. purpureum possesses moderate antioxidant properties.

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