scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Perspiration Pads and Cotton Cloth Fabricated with the Ethyl Acetate Extract of Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
P. Lalitha ◽  
P. Jayanthi ◽  
R. Sujitha
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Cotton Cloth ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Pharmaceutical Properties ◽  
Bacteriostatic Property

Waterhyacinth is one of the most dangerous aquatic weeds causing various ecological and environmental issues. The plant has several pharmaceutical properties in spite of its harmful nature. In the present study, perspiration pads and cotton cloth fabricated with the ethyl acetate extract of waterhyacinth were evaluated for its activity against Corynebacterium. Perspiration pads and samples of cotton cloth were fabricated with ethyl acetate extract of Eichhornia crassipes by three methods, namely, dipping, sonication, and homogenization. The antimicrobial activity of the fabricated textile materials was tested against Corynebacterium, a microorganism commonly seen in human sweat. Disc diffusion method (AATCC 147) was used for evaluating the antimicrobial nature of the fabricated samples. Sonication was found to be efficient for coating of the extract on the cotton cloth, whereas dipping method was found to be efficient in case of perspiration pads. No bacterial growth was observed under and on the fabricated cloth and perspiration pads indicating that the fabrics possess bacteriostatic property and not bactericidal property and the absence of leaching of the extract. The results showed significant antimicrobial activity of the ethyl acetate extract of Eichhornia crassipes coated onto fabrics against Corynebacterium with no growth under and on the test sample.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and larvicidal potential of endophytic fungi isolated from Tragia involucrata Linn.

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 1494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananda Danagoudar ◽  
Chandrashekhar G. Joshi* ◽  
M.T. Nivya ◽  
H.M. Manjunath ◽  
Jagadeesha Poyya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Penicillium Citrinum ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
The People ◽  
Therapeutic Compounds

Endophytic fungi are one of the untapped resources of therapeutic compounds for various diseases. The present study focused on the antimicrobial as well as larvicidal activity of ethyl acetate extract of endophytic fungi isolated from Tragia involucrata. The ethyl acetate extract of Penicillium citrinum CGJ-C1 (GenBank No.KT780618), Penicillium citrinum CGJ-C2 (KP739821), Cladosporium sp. (KP739822), and Cryptendoxyla hypophloia CGJ-D2 (KT780619) was subjected to antimicrobial activity against a panel of microorganisms by disc diffusion method, larvicidal activity against Culex quinquefasciatus. All the extracts showed significant antimicrobial activity against the tested organisms ranging from 8±0.32 to 13±2.11. The extent of activity was comparable to the standard drugs. The larvicidal potential of the endophytes was superior to T.involucrata extract. The larvicidal activity was found to be dose and time dependent with LC50 value ranging from 4.25- 158.06ppm after 24hrs of treatment. This is the first report on the bioactivity of the endophytes isolated from T.involucrata. Further studies on the bio-guided isolation of lead compound will benefit the people suffering from microbe’s related diseases.

scholarly journals A preliminary study on the antimicrobial activities and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the ethyl acetate extract of Dennettia tripetala G. Baker seeds

Bio-Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1094-1102
Author(s):  
UF Babaiwa ◽  
SO Eraga ◽  
EO Ojugo ◽  
O Erharuyi ◽  
JO Akerele
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Dennettia Tripetala

The study investigated the antimicrobial properties and the chemical composition of ethyl acetate extract of Dennettia tripetala (pepper fruit) seeds. Crude extract obtained by maceration of pulverized seeds in ethyl acetate was evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger using standard agar-well diffusion method. GC-MS method was used to determine the chemical constituents of the extract. The extract was oily, yellowish-brown with a yield of 1.66 % and had activity against most of the test microorganisms, with inhibition zone diameters ranging between 10 to 25 mm. About 41 chemical constituents were present in the extract with formic acid methyl esters and fatty acids accounting for 57.23 and 18.49 % respectively. Ethyl acetate extract of Dennettia tripetala seeds possessed antimicrobial activity against bacteria but not fungi. The observed activity may be due to the presence of formic and fatty acid esters in the seed. The study further established a scientific proof for the traditional use of Dennettia tripetala seed extracts in treating microbial infections.  

scholarly journals <i>In-vitro</i> antibacterial sensitivity of <i>Usnea barbata</i> lichen extracted with methanol and ethyl-acetate against selected <i>Staphylococcus</i> species from milk of cows with mastitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emrobowansan Monday Idamokoro ◽  
Patrick Julius Masika ◽  
Voster Muchenje ◽  
Daniel Falta ◽  
Ezekiel Green
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Abstract. This study aimed at evaluating the antimicrobial potential of Usnea barbata lichen as a medicinal plant against selected Staphylococcus species isolated from raw milk of cows. In-vitro screening of methanol and ethyl-acetate extracts from Usnea barbata lichen were evaluated to determine their antimicrobial activity against thirteen different Staphylococcus species. The selected organisms were isolated from raw bovine milk and identified using several biochemical tests and confirmed with API staph kit. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts were evaluated using both the agar well diffusion method (at 5 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml and 20 mg/ml) and the broth micro-dilution technique to determine the mean zone of inhibition and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), respectively. Both the methanol and ethyl-acetate extracts showed variable antimicrobial activity against the Staphylococcus species with mean zones of inhibition ranging from 0-34 mm in diameter at 5 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml and 20 mg/ml, respectively. Susceptibility by the Staphylococcus species tested in the methanol and the ethyl-acetate extract was 92.31 % and 53.85 %, respectively. The MIC result for the methanol extract ranged from 0.04 to 10 mg/ml, while that of the ethyl-acetate extract ranged from 0.16 to 5 mg/ml. Results from this study revealed the in vitro microbial activity of Usnea barbata extracts which indicate its potential as a medicinal plant.

Antimicrobial potentials, phytochemical screening and determination of bioactive compounds from Three Indian folk medicinal plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Vanitha ◽  
S. Vijayakumar ◽  
S. Rajalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ft Ir

Aim: To investigate the antimicrobial efficacy of various solvents leaf extracts of Aegle marmelos, Plumbago zeylanica and Rhinacanthus nasutus against human pathogenic organisms such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Salmonella enteriditis, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Aspergillus fumigatous by agar well diffusion method. Background: Also, this is the first time report on MIC and MBC/MFC activities and identify the phytochemicals and functional groups using HPLC, GC-MS and FT-IR analysis. Objective: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal (MBC/MFC) values were also carried out by the micro dilution method. Methods: Ethyl acetate extract of P. zeylanica showed better antimicrobial activity against the tested pathogens, especially for S. pneumoniae (40 mm) followed by ethyl acetate extract of R. nasutus (36 mm) against S. pneumoniae. While least inhibition was observed for aqueous extract of P.zeylanica against S. enteritis (10 mm). Results: The MIC ranged from 3.75 µg/ml to 60µg/ml and MBC/MFC 7.5 µg/ml to 60 µg/ml. Phytochemical analysis exhibited the presence of alkaloids, steroids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, phenolics and cardiac glycoside in all samples of selected plant extracts. Tannins, phenolics and glycoside were found only in the ethyl acetate extract of P.zeylanica. HPLC and GC-MS analysis of ethyl acetate leaf extract of P. zeylanica exposed ten major peaks and eleven compounds respectively. Chemical nature of the leaf extract was analysed by FT-IR spectrum. Conclusion: Ethyl acetate leaf extract of P. zeylanica showed better antimicrobial activity than other extracts as well as standard drugs. Therefore, this plant could be studied in detail for the identification of active biomolecules for antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of various extracts of Plectranthus ambionicus and Phyllanthus amarus

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pathmavathi ◽  
P. Thamizhiniyan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phyllanthus Amarus ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigates

Hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of leaves of Plectranthus ambionicus and  Phyllanthus amarus were screened for their antimicrobial activity against human pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains. Antimicrobial activity was carried out by disc diffusion method, determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFC) against four strains of Gram positive bacteria, three strains of Gram negative bacteria and three species of fungi. The antimicrobial activity of various extracts of Plectranthus ambionicus and Phyllanthus amarus showed varied levels of antimicrobial activity against the studied bacterial and fungal pathogens. The mean zone of inhibition produced by all the tested extracts ranged from 7.0 ± 0.50 mm to 29.5 ± 0.50 mm. The MIC, MBC and MFC values were between 15.62 and 1000 μg/mL. The ethyl acetate extract of Plectranthus ambionicus showed good antimicrobial activity with the highest mean zone of inhibition (29.5±0.5 mm), lowest MIC (15.62 μg/mL) and MBC (31.25 μg/mL) values followed by ethyl acetate extract of Phyllanthus amarus(23.6±0.50 mm; MIC=62.5; MBC=125 μg/mL) against Aspergillus fumigates.

scholarly journals Development of Novel Topical Cosmeceutical Formulations from Nigella sativa L. with Antimicrobial Activity against Acne-Causing Microorganisms

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirmani Wishwakala Nawarathne ◽  
Kanchana Wijesekera ◽  
Weerasinghe Mudiyanselage Dilip Gaya Bandara Wijayaratne ◽  
Mayuri Napagoda
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gel Formulations

Acne vulgaris occurs due to the inflammation of sebaceous follicles in the skin. It is triggered by the activity of some bacterial species like Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Acquisition of antibiotic resistance by these microorganisms and adverse effects associated with the current treatment regimens necessitate the introduction of novel therapeutic agents for acne vulgaris. Thus, this study was undertaken to develop novel gel formulations from seeds of Nigella sativa L. and to evaluate the antibacterial potential against some acne-causing bacterial species. The antibacterial activity of seed extracts was initially screened against S. aureus and P. acnes by the agar well diffusion method. Thereafter, topical gels were formulated incorporating the ethyl acetate extract of seeds of N. sativa at three different concentrations. These topical formulations were subjected to antimicrobial activity studies while the stability was evaluated over a period of 30 days. All three formulations were capable of inhibiting the growth of S. aureus and P. acnes, with the highest antibacterial activity in the formulation comprising 15% of the seed extract. Interestingly, the antibacterial potency of this formulation against S. aureus surpassed the commercial synthetic product used as the positive control. Moreover, any alteration in color, odor, homogeneity, washability, consistency, and pH was not observed while the antibacterial potency was also retained during the storage period. The potent antibacterial activity in topical gel formulations developed from the ethyl acetate extract of N. sativa signposts their suitability as alternatives to existing antiacne agents in the management of acne vulgaris.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ANTHOCEPLALUS CADAMBA AND SCIRPUS KYSOOR ROXB. AGAINST FOOD PATHOGENS

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemangi Datar ◽  
Ajit Datar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Food Pathogens ◽  
Anthocephalus Cadamba

Objective: Aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of ripened and unripened fruits of Anthocephalus cadamba and Scirpus kysoor Roxb. tuber against food pathogens.Methods: Different solvent extracts of Anthocephalus cadamba fruits and Scirpus kysoor Roxb. tubers were screened for its antimicrobial activity against Gram negative and Gram positive bacterial cultures by agar well diffusion method as well as by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). MIC was carried out by broth microdilution method.Results: All the plant materials exhibit antimicrobial activity. Among all plant materials, macerated ethyl acetate extract of Scirpus kysoor Roxb. tuber showed lowest MIC against Bacillus Cereus 0.312 mg/ml. In the case of ripened Anthocephalus cadamba fruits, macerated ethanol extract was found to be more potent whereas in the case of unripened Anthocephalus cadamba fruit macerated ethyl acetate extract was found to be more active on the basis of MIC.Conclusion: This study revealed that all the plant materials possess significant antimicrobial activity against food pathogens hence may be used as a source of safe herbal antimicrobial agent.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and in vitro cytotoxic studies of Acampe praemorsa and Aeridis odarata of Orchidaceae

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 2088
Author(s):  
Jhansi Katta ◽  
Khasim S.M.
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Mcf 7 ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

This paper aims at studying antimicrobial efficacy and in vitro cytoxic activity of epiphytic orchids namely Acampe praemorsa, Aeridis odorata distributed in Eastern Ghats of Visakhapatnam district. Plants were collected, identified following literature, shade dried and Methanol, ethyl acetate extracts were prepared for the systematic investigation of antimicrobial activity of plant extracts. Antibacterial activity against three gram positive bacteria Bacillus megaterium, Lactobacillus acidophillus and Enterococcus faecalis, three gram negative bacteria Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli was done using Agar well diffusion method, antifungal activity was carried against Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus by Cpzapak dox agar media, MIC by broth dilution method, zones of inhibition were recorded. Ethyl acetate extracts showed maximum antimicrobial activity against all bacteria and fungi, Aeridis odarata ethyl acetate extract showed highest zone of inhibition 17mm against Lactobacillus acidophilus in bacteria, Ethyl acetate extract of Acampe praemorsa showed highest zone of inhibition 17mm against Candida albicans in fungi, the leaf extracts were tested for its inhibitory effect on HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines were evaluated by the MTT assay and methanolic extract of Aeridis odarata has significant cytotoxicity effect on MCF-7 cell line in concentration range between 5 to 100µg/ml, with IC 50 (µg/ml) value is 26.2. These plants have good antimicrobial activity, further investigation on the phytochemistry of bioactive compounds of these plants would result in discovery of new drugs and further pharmacological investigation of anti-cancer activity of Aeridis odarata should be done.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of bioactive compounds produced from endophytic fungi of Himalayan yew (Taxus wallichiana) in Nepal

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhurva Prasad Gauchan ◽  
Pratistha Kandel ◽  
Astha Tuladhar ◽  
Ashesh Acharya ◽  
Upendra Kadel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Fungal Extracts ◽  
Taxus Wallichiana

Background: Endophytic fungi are largely underexplored in the discovery of natural bioactive products though being rich sources of novel compounds with promising pharmaceutical potential. In this study, Taxus wallichiana, which has huge medicinal value, was investigated for its endophytic diversity and capability to produce bioactive secondary metabolites by analyzing antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties. Methods: The endophytes were identified by ITS-PCR using genomic DNA samples. The secondary metabolites were extracted by solvent extraction method using ethyl acetate. The antioxidant activity was analyzed by Thin Layer Chromatography, Total Phenol Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) and DPPH assay, and the antimicrobial activity was analyzed by agar-well diffusion method. Brine shrimp lethality assay was used to analyze the cytotoxicity of the fungal extracts. Results: Out of 16 different Taxus trees sampled from different locations of Dhorpatan, 13 distinctive endophytic fungi were isolated and grouped into 9 different genera: Bjerkandera, Trichoderma, Preussia, Botrytis, Arthrinium, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Sporormiella and Daldinia. The ethyl acetate extracts isolated from three endophytic fungi: Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium cladosporioides and Alternaria brassicae showed significant TPC values of 204±6.144, 312.3±2.147 and 152.7±4.958µg GAE/mg of dry extract, respectively, and TFC values of 177.9±2.911, 644.1±4.202 and 96.38±3.851µg RE/mg of dry extract, respectively. Furthermore, these three extracts showed a dose dependent radical scavenging activity with IC50 concentration of 22.85, 22.15 and 23.001 µg/ml, respectively. The extracts of C. cladosporioides and A. brassicae also showed promising antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 250μg/ml for all bacteria. Both the samples showed cytotoxic property against shrimp nauplii with LC50 of 104.2 and 125.9µg/ml, respectively. Conclusions: The crude fungal extracts obtained from endophytes: A. alternata, C. cladosporioides and A. brassicae upon purification and further identification of the bioactive compounds can be a fascinating source for novel pharmaceutical agents.

scholarly journals Studies on effects of different solvent extracted samples of O. sanctum (Basil) stem on the growth of S. typhi

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seema Kumari ◽  
Vinod Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Hot Water Extract ◽  
Minimum Zone

Typhoid is a problematic fever, caused by Salmonella typhi. Present investigation is based upon studies of antibacterial effects of different solvent extracted samples of O. sanctum stem on growth of S. typhi. The crude extracts of stem of O. sanctum were prepared from three different solvents such as methanol, ethyl acetate and hot water. Four different concentrations (25%, 50%, 75% and100%) were prepared from each one of the solvent extracted sample. Agar well diffusion method was used to test the antibacterial activity of different solvent extracted samples of O. sanctum stem. Analysis of data indicates that a metabolic extract of O. sanctum stem shows maximum zone of inhibition and it was of 26mm at 100% concentration and minimum zone of inhibition was of 19mm at 50% concentration. Ethyl acetate extract of O. sanctum stem shows maximum zone of inhibition and it was of 29mm at 100% concentration and minimum was of 14mm at 25% concentration. Hot water extract of O. sanctum stem shows maximum zone of inhibition and it was of 28mm at 100% concentration and minimum zone of inhibition was of 12mm at 25% concentration. This study indicates that ethyl acetate extract of O. sanctum stem is more effective against S. typhi as compared to methanol and hot water extracted solvent. Contrary to the antibiotics or synthetic medicine associated with many side effects, this plant part can be used as a herbal medicines against Salmonella typhi infection.

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