scholarly journals Polychlorinated Biphenyls Water Pollution along the River Nile, Egypt

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Mohamed Megahed ◽  
Hesham Dahshan ◽  
Mahdy A. Abd-El-Kader ◽  
Amr Mohamed Mohamed Abd-Elall ◽  
Mariam Hassan Elbana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
River Nile ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Pcb Congeners ◽  
Nile Water ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Regulatory Controls ◽  
Calculated Flux

Ten polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners were determined in water samples collected along the River Nile using gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD). PCB concentrations ranged from 14 to 20 μg/L, which were higher than those reported in previous studies, indicating serious PCB pollution in the River Nile. PCB congener profiles varied depending on the sampling sties. PCB-138 was the predominant congener accounting for more than 18% of total PCBs. The composition of PCB congeners in the water revealed that highly chlorinated PCB technical mixtures such as Aroclor 1254 was the main PCB production historically used in Egypt. An increasing trend in PCB levels from the upper stream to the Nile estuaries was observed. The calculated flux of PCBs indicated that 6.8 tons of PCBs is dumped into the Mediterranean Sea each year from the River Nile. The hazard quotients and carcinogenic risk caused by PCB pollution in the River Nile were above the acceptable level indicating that PCBs in the River Nile water pose adverse health effects for all age groups. Our findings revealed that PCBs possess a serious risk to the Egyptian population that depends mainly on the River Nile as a source of water. Thus, stricter legislation and regulatory controls should be applied to reduce the risk of PCBs in Egypt.

scholarly journals Pollution Sources and Carcinogenic Risk of PAHs in PM1 Particle Fraction in an Urban Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9587
Author(s):  
Ivana Jakovljević ◽  
Zdravka Sever Štrukil ◽  
Ranka Godec ◽  
Ivan Bešlić ◽  
Silvije Davila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Particle Fraction ◽  
Lifetime Cancer Risk ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Inorganic Species ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Pah Sources ◽  
One Year

Airborne particles are composed of inorganic species and organic compounds. PM1 particles, with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 1 μm, are considered to be important in the context of adverse health effects. Many compounds bound to particulate matter, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), are suspected to be genotoxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic. In this study, PAHs in the PM1 particle fraction were measured for one year (1/1/2018–31/12/2018). The measuring station was located in the northern residential part of Zagreb, the Croatian capital, close to a street with modest traffic. Significant differences were found between PAH concentrations during cold (January–March, October–December) and warm (April–September) periods of the year. In general, the mass concentrations of PAHs characteristic for car exhausts (benzo(ghi)perylene (BghiP), indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene (IP), and benzo(b)fluoranthene (BbF)) were higher during the whole year than concentrations of fluoranthene (Flu) and pyrene (Pyr), which originated mostly from domestic heating and biomass burning. Combustion of diesel and gasoline from vehicles was found to be one of the main PAH sources. The incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) was estimated for three age groups of populations and the results were much lower than the acceptable risk level (1 × 10−6). However, more than ten times higher PAH concentrations in the cold part of the year, as well as associated health risk, emphasize the need for monitoring of PAHs in PM1. These data represent a valuable tool in future plans and actions to control PAH sources and to improve the quality of life of urban populations.

Polychlorinated biphenyl induced hepatocyte alterations

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 716-717
Author(s):  
D.N. Collins ◽  
J.N. Turner ◽  
K.O. Brosch ◽  
R.F. Seegal
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Homovanillic Acid ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pcb Congeners ◽  
Urinary Levels ◽  
The Brain

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a ubiquitous class of environmental pollutants with toxic and hepatocellular effects, including accumulation of fat, proliferated smooth endoplasmic recticulum (SER), and concentric membrane arrays (CMAs) (1-3). The CMAs appear to be a membrane storage and degeneration organelle composed of a large number of concentric membrane layers usually surrounding one or more lipid droplets often with internalized membrane fragments (3). The present study documents liver alteration after a short term single dose exposure to PCBs with high chlorine content, and correlates them with reported animal weights and central nervous system (CNS) measures. In the brain PCB congeners were concentrated in particular regions (4) while catecholamine concentrations were decreased (4-6). Urinary levels of homovanillic acid a dopamine metabolite were evaluated (7).Wistar rats were gavaged with corn oil (6 controls), or with a 1:1 mixture of Aroclor 1254 and 1260 in corn oil at 500 or 1000 mg total PCB/kg (6 at each level).

Evidence of Organochlorine Pesticide and Polychlorinated Biphenyl Residues in Slovenian Poultry Tissues from 1997 to 1999

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 2326-2331 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOJCA JEVŠNIK ◽  
VESNA CERKVENIK FLAJS ◽  
DARINKA ZDENKA DOGANOC
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Total Pcbs ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Pcb Congeners ◽  
Poultry Fat ◽  
Tissue Contamination ◽  
Poultry Tissues

The contamination of poultry tissues by total organochlorine (OC) pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Slovenia was examined from a public health perspective. As part of systematic veterinary and sanitary monitoring of foods of animal origin from 1997 to 1999, 87 samples of fat tissue were examined for the presence of α-HCH, lindane, heptachlor, and total DDT (plus DDE and DDD) and 88 samples of fat tissue were examined for the presence of total PCBs (sum of PCB congeners). The levels of poultry tissue contamination in six regions of Slovenia were determined. Levels of OC pesticides were below detection limits in 86.2% of analyses performed. Total PCB levels for most samples (59.1%) of poultry fat tissue were in the 0.002- to 0.02-mg/kg range. The level of contamination with OC pesticides and total PCBs in poultry fat tissue was not influenced by the type of poultry and was the highest in samples from industrial areas, which have been ecologically disturbed. All samples met Slovenian and European Union tolerances.

scholarly journals Trend and factors associated with Tuberculosis-Diabetes Mellitus comorbidity in a Northeastern Brazilian municipality

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giana Gislanne da Silva de Sousa ◽  
Lívia Maia Pascoal ◽  
Ana Cristina Pereira de Jesus Costa ◽  
Floriacy Stabnow Santos ◽  
Leonardo Hunaldo dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Form ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Series Study

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the trend and factors associated with Tuberculosis-Diabetes Mellitus comorbidity in Imperatriz, Maranhão. Methods: epidemiological temporal-series study, conducted in a Northeastern Brazilian municipality. The population consisted of Tuberculosis cases with Diabetes Mellitus-associated aggravation notified in the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) between 2009 and 2018. We determined the prevalence and trend of comorbidity using Prais-Winsten regressions and to identify associated factors employed Poisson regression. Results: prevalence ranged from 3.23% in 2014 to 19.51% in 2018, with a mean of 11.5% for the period, showing an increasing trend. Age groups 30 to 59 years and ≥ 60 years, education < 8 years, and clinical form of pulmonary Tuberculosis were risk factors for comorbidity. Conclusions: The increasing trend of comorbidity and its associated factors alert us to the need to improve customer service at all levels of health care.

Polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations in pooled serum from people in different age groups from five Chinese cities

Chemosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 320-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinghua Wang ◽  
Haodong Yuan ◽  
Jun Jin ◽  
Peng Li ◽  
Yulong Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Chinese Cities

scholarly journals THE CHANGING TREND OF MORTALITY CAUSED BY GASTROINTESTINAL CANCERS IN IRAN DURING THE YEARS 2006-2010

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh SALEHI ◽  
Ali AHMADI ◽  
Seyede Soghra AHMADI SOODEJANI ◽  
Milad SHAHINI SHAMS ABADI
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽  
Mortality Trend ◽  
Pancreatic Cancers ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Changing Trend

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Cancers are one of the most important causes of death in the world. According to their high incidence and mortality, gastrointestinal cancers have particular importance among other cancers. OBJECTIVE: Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the mortality change trends of gastrointestinal cancers in Iran. METHODS: This study was performed by analyzing the reported mortality data in 29 provinces of Iran in 2006-2010. Mortality trend of gastrointestinal cancers was drawn for both sexes in the study years and disaggregated by age groups and their frequency distribution. The WinPepi software was used for analysis. RESULTS: In the years 2006-2010, the mortality rate of, gastric, colorectal, liver and pancreatic cancers, has significantly increased. Totally, gastrointestinal mortality is higher in men than women. Also, the results showed that by increasing age, death from these cancers also increased. CONCLUSION: The most important causes of death from gastrointestinal cancers were gastric, liver and colorectal cancers in Iran and because of their increasing trend in the country, performing preventive interventions for the cancers’ risk factors is necessary.

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