scholarly journals Obesity Reduces Cognitive and Motor Functions across the Lifespan

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanming Wang ◽  
John S. Y. Chan ◽  
Lijie Ren ◽  
Jin H. Yan
Keyword(s):  
Motor Performance ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Research Direction ◽  
Substantial Evidence ◽  
Motor Behaviors ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Due to a sedentary lifestyle, more and more people are becoming obese nowadays. In addition to health-related problems, obesity can also impair cognition and motor performance. Previous results have shown that obesity mainly affects cognition and motor behaviors through altering brain functions and musculoskeletal system, respectively. Many factors, such as insulin/leptin dysregulation and inflammation, mediate the effect of obesity and cognition and motor behaviors. Substantial evidence has suggested exercise to be an effective way to improve obesity and related cognitive and motor dysfunctions. This paper aims to discuss the association of obesity with cognition and motor behaviors and its underlying mechanisms. Following this, mechanisms of exercise to improve obesity-related dysfunctions are described. Finally, implications and future research direction are raised.

Co-Enzyme Q10 to Treat Neurological Disorders: Basic Mechanisms, Clinical Outcomes, and Future Research Direction

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Salama ◽  
Ti-Fei Yuan ◽  
Sergio Machado ◽  
Eric Murillo-Rodriguez ◽  
Jose Vega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Research Direction

scholarly journals Structural and Functional Remodeling of Mitochondria in Cardiac Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4167
Author(s):  
Xiaonan Sun ◽  
Jalen Alford ◽  
Hongyu Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Functional Remodeling ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Mitochondrial Remodeling ◽  
Normal Cellular Function

Mitochondria undergo structural and functional remodeling to meet the cell demand in response to the intracellular and extracellular stimulations, playing an essential role in maintaining normal cellular function. Merging evidence demonstrated that dysregulation of mitochondrial remodeling is a fundamental driving force of complex human diseases, highlighting its crucial pathophysiological roles and therapeutic potential. In this review, we outlined the progress of the molecular basis of mitochondrial structural and functional remodeling and their regulatory network. In particular, we summarized the latest evidence of the fundamental association of impaired mitochondrial remodeling in developing diverse cardiac diseases and the underlying mechanisms. We also explored the therapeutic potential related to mitochondrial remodeling and future research direction. This updated information would improve our knowledge of mitochondrial biology and cardiac diseases’ pathogenesis, which would inspire new potential strategies for treating these diseases by targeting mitochondria remodeling.

Central government patronage, donor aid, and budget performance in local government: testing a mediation effect

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Onyango-Delewa
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Fiscal Federalism ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Research Direction ◽  
Mixed Methods Design ◽  
Donor Agencies

Drawing on network and fiscal federalism theories, we investigated central government patronage and donor aid as antecedents of budget performance in local government (LG). A mixed methods design with data collected from 18 LGs, two ministries, and four donor agencies in Uganda was employed. Results revealed that both central government patronage and donor aid predict budget performance. Moreover, autonomy does not mediate the interactions as initially hypothesized. Implications for theory and practice are discussed and future research direction is provided.

scholarly journals Context-Aware Recommender System: A Review of Recent Developmental Process and Future Research Direction

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Haruna ◽  
Maizatul Akmar Ismail ◽  
Suhendroyono Suhendroyono ◽  
Damiasih Damiasih ◽  
Adi Pierewan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recommender System ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Future Research Direction ◽  
System A

scholarly journals High-frequency oscillations and the neurobiology of schizophrenia

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-313 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Neural Oscillations ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Neural oscillations at low- and high-frequency ranges are a fundamental feature of large-scale networks. Recent evidence has indicated that schizophrenia is associated with abnormal amplitude and synchrony of oscillatory activity, in particular, at high (beta/gamma) frequencies. These abnormalities are observed during task-related and spontaneous neuronal activity which may be important for understanding the pathophysiology of the syndrome. In this paper, we shall review the current evidence for impaired beta/gamma-band oscillations and their involvement in cognitive functions and certain symptoms of the disorder. In the first part, we will provide an update on neural oscillations during normal brain functions and discuss underlying mechanisms. This will be followed by a review of studies that have examined high-frequency oscillatory activity in schizophrenia and discuss evidence that relates abnormalities of oscillatory activity to disturbed excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance. Finally, we shall identify critical issues for future research in this area.

scholarly journals Feedback intervention research historical review

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-69
Author(s):  
Saulius Olencevicius
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Intervention Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Research Direction ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Feedback Intervention ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual

Feedback intervention research historically transformed focus from using single to using multidimensional factor analyses. Since researchers have been traditionally interested in determining how to predict future human behavior, the complexity of the feedback intervention research has grown gradually. The importance and multidimensionality of feedback construct on the individual level is presented by the key theories, which are reflected in the historical context, starting from the first “Law of effect”, up to the hybrid “Feedback Intervention Theory”. As a conclusion, possible future research direction is presented.

Empirically Supported Psychological Treatments: Cognitive Processing Therapy

2012 ◽  
pp. 438-448
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Chard ◽  
Jennifer Schuster Wachen ◽  
Patricia A. Resick
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive Processing Therapy ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Psychological Treatments ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) has been recognized by the Institute of Medicine (2007) as one of the most effective treatments for PTSD. This chapter provides a brief overview of the CPT session content, the underlying mechanisms of the therapy, a review of the empirically based literature outlining the treatment effectiveness, limitations of the therapy, and areas of future research. In addition, the authors discuss the utility of the various versions of CPT, including cognitive only (CPT-C), group, individual, and combination. Further the research supporting the effectiveness of CPT for treating PTSD related to a variety of traumas, (e.g., combat, child abuse, and rape) and the significant impact CPT can have in areas of mental health related to PTSD (e.g., anger, guilt, social functioning) are described.

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