scholarly journals Physicochemical and Nutritional Characterization of Starch Isolated fromColocasia antiquorumCultivated in Oaxaca, Mexico

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Ríos-Ríos ◽  
Edith González-Mondragón ◽  
Maira Segura-Campos ◽  
Mariela Ramírez-Jiménez ◽  
Jesús López-Luna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Ellipsoidal Shape ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Composition Analysis ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Total Starch

The physicochemical and nutritional characteristics ofColocasia antiquorum(taro coconut or Chinese taro) starch cultivated in Oaxaca, Mexico, were determined. The granules ofColocasia antiquorumpresented a truncated ellipsoidal shape. The chemical composition analysis showed levels of moisture, ash, protein, fat, fiber, and NFE in a dry base of 10.29, 0.18, 2.0, 0.05, 0.01, and 97.76, respectively, as well as amylose and amylopectin contents of 13.05 and 86.95%, respectively. Gelatinization temperatures, onset (To), peak (Tp), and final (Tf), were 72.86, 82.91, and 93.05°C, respectively. Solubility, swelling power (SP), and water absorption capacity (WAC) correlate directly with increments in temperature. Transmittance value (% T) for taro coconut was 0.3% and its apparent viscosity ranged from 100 to 150 cp. The nutritional characterization ofColocasia antiquorum’s starch amounted to 97.88% of total starch (TS), while available (AS) and resistant starch (RS) were 93.47 and 3.70%, respectively.Colocasia antiquorum, grown in Oaxaca, Mexico, is an unconventional source of starch with added value due to its potential use as an ingredient in the development of new products or as a substitute for conventional starch sources in industrial processes.

scholarly journals Kinetic investigations of oxidative roasting and afterwards leaching of copper-lead matte

2004 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusko Minic ◽  
Desimir Petkovic ◽  
N. Strbac ◽  
Ivan Mihajlovic ◽  
Zivan Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Temperatures ◽  
Oxidative Roasting ◽  
Chemical Composition Analysis ◽  
Lead Production ◽  
Kinetic Investigations ◽  
Copper Lead

In this paper, results of copper - lead matte investigations are presented. Investigated copper-lead matte is intermediate product of lead production in TREPCA-Zvecan. In the first part of the paper characterization of starting material is presented, consisting of: chemical composition analysis (XRQ), sceaning electron microscopy (SEM) and diffractometry (XRD). Thermal properties of matte investigated were determined using differential thermal analysis (DTA) at characteristic temperatures. Using results of induced analysis, mechanism of matte oxidation process was determined. In second part of the paper kinetic parameters describing oxidative roasting and afterwards leaching in sulfuric acid of copper-lead mate are presented.

scholarly journals Cultivation of Azospirillum brasilense in Vinasse and Potential Use in Fertigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 726
Author(s):  
Marcelo Teixeira Silva ◽  
Francielli Gasparotto ◽  
Bárbara Maria Lustri ◽  
Natalia Caetano Vasques ◽  
Natália Ueda Yamagushi
Keyword(s):  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Sugarcane Vinasse ◽  
Potential Use

Vinasse, residue from the sugar-energy sector, has been applied as a fertilizer in sugarcane fields due to its nutritional characteristics, which may reduce nitrogen fertilization, especially if associated with diazotrophic bacteria. The objective was to evaluate the use of vinasse as culture medium for Azospirillum brasilense and the chemical changes caused in the residue after bacterial colonization. The experimental design was completely randomized with 9 treatments: T0-control (nutrient broth DYGs inoculated with A. brasilense); T1- 100% vinasse inoculated with A. brasilense; T2- 75% vinasse inoculated with A. brasilense; T3- 25% vinasse inoculated with A. brasilense; T4- 50% vinasse inoculated with A. brasilense; T5- 100% vinasse; T6- 75% vinasse; T7- 25% vinasse and T8- 50% vinasse. Microbial growth was evaluated in a spectrophotometer, by turbidimetry (700nm). Chemical characterization of vinasse was carried out before bacterial inoculation and on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 after inoculation according to the methodologies of the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater 22 ND for the elements nitrogen (4500-Norg), phosphorus (4500-P), potassium (3030-A) and calcium (3500 Ca-B). The determination of organic matter was carried out in accordance with the technical standard NBR 13600. The bacteria A. brasilense survived and multiplied in sugarcane vinasse, causing changes such as the increase in the levels of phosphorus and nitrogen and the reduction of the organic load, mainly in pure vinasse (100%), indicating that the viability of this practice for the application of these organisms in the culture of sugar cane via fertigation.

Hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of a new potassium phosphatoantimonate

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2745-2746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonglin An ◽  
Shouhua Feng ◽  
Yihua Xu ◽  
Ruren Xu ◽  
Yong Yue
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Monoclinic System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Monovalent Ions ◽  
Nmr Techniques ◽  
Chemical Composition Analysis

A new potassium phosphatoantimonate with a composition of 4K2O · 4Sb2O5 · P2O5 · 8H2O, which crystallizes in a monoclinic system with a = 23.952 Å, b = 9.515 Å, c = 8.193 Å, and β = 124.77, was hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by powder x-ray diffraction, chemical composition analysis, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and 31P MAS-NMR techniques. The potassium ion can be exchanged by other monovalent ions.

scholarly journals Compositional Characterization of Different Industrial White and Red Grape Pomaces in Virginia and the Potential Valorization of the Major Components

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Jin ◽  
Joshua O’Hair ◽  
Amanda C. Stewart ◽  
Sean F. O’Keefe ◽  
Andrew P. Neilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Cabernet Franc ◽  
Total Potential ◽  
Chemical Composition Analysis ◽  
Red Grape ◽  
Compositional Characterization

To better evaluate potential uses for grape pomace (GP) waste, a comprehensive chemical composition analysis of GP in Virginia was conducted. Eight commercial white and red pomace samples (cv. Viognier, Vidal Blanc, Niagara, Petit Manseng, Petit Verdot, Merlot, Cabernet Franc, and Chambourcin) obtained from different wineries in Virginia, USA were used. For extractives, GPs contained 2.89%–4.66% titratable acids, 4.32%–6.60% ash, 4.62%–12.5% lipids with linoleic acid being the predominant (59.0%–70.9%) fatty acid, 10.4–64.8 g total phenolic content (gallic acid equivalents)/kg GP, 2.09–53.3 g glucose/kg GP, 3.79–52.9 g fructose/kg GP, and trace sucrose. As for non-extractives, GPs contained 25.2%–44.5% lignin, 8.04%–12.7% glucan, 4.42%–7.05% xylan, and trace amounts of galactan, arabinan, and mannan (less than 3% in total). Potential usages of these components were further examined to provide information on better valorization of GP. Considering the valuable extractives (e.g., polyphenols and oil) and non-extractives (e.g., lignin), designing a biorefinery process aiming at fully recover and/or utilize these components is of future significance.

scholarly journals Development of Kraft Lignin Chemically Modified as a Novel Crosslinking Agent for the Synthesis of Active Hydrogels

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4012
Author(s):  
Diana Rico-García ◽  
Luis Guillermo Guerrero-Ramírez ◽  
Leonardo Ramses Cajero-Zul ◽  
Euologio Orozco-Guareño ◽  
Edgar Benjamin Figueroa-Ochoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
High Water ◽  
Kraft Lignin ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
High Water Absorption ◽  
Potential Use

In this research a chemical modification of kraft lignin was carried out using a basic nucleophilic substitution reaction (NSA) in order to functionalize it as a novel crosslinking agent for the synthesis of active hydrogels. The chemical modification success of the synthesized crosslinker was demonstrated by using several techniques such as volumetry probes, FTIR, 1H-NMR and DSC. Thus, the obtained materials were employed during the synthesis of acrylic acid-based hydrogels, due to its high-water absorption capacity to evaluate their retention potential of heavy metal ions. Characterization of the active hydrogels were performed by FTIR and SEM, showing the specific signals corresponding to the base monomers into the polymer skeleton and the efficiency of modified kraft lignin as a novel crosslinking agent. Additionally, to demonstrate the potential use of these hydrogels in wastewater treatment, metal ions adsorption experiments were conducted, showing adsorption percentages higher than 90% and 80% for Pb2+ and Cu2+, respectively.

scholarly journals Characterization of Ni-P coating prepared via electroless deposition on AZ31 magnesium alloy

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Buchtík ◽  
P. Kosár ◽  
J. Wasserbauer ◽  
P. Doležal
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Electroless Deposition ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Chemical Composition Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract This work deals with the characterization of Ni–P coating prepared via electroless deposition on wrought AZ31magnesium alloy. For the application of electroless deposition was proposed and optimized a suitable pretreatment process of magnesium alloy surface followed by Ni–P coating in the nickel bath. The chemical composition of Ni–P based coating was characterized using the scanning electron microscope with chemical composition analysis. Next, physico-chemical properties and mechanical characteristics of Ni–P coating were evaluated. The mechanism of corrosion degradation of the coating and the substrate was also studied in this work.

scholarly journals Production and characterization of lyophilized powder of yellow mombin (Spondias mombin L.) and umbu (Spondias tuberosa)

2021 ◽  
pp. 669-675
Author(s):  
Polyana Barbosa da Silva ◽  
Francisco de Assis Cardoso Almeida ◽  
Josivanda Palmeira Gomes ◽  
Semirames do Nascimento Silva ◽  
Antonio Jackson Ribeiro Barroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics

Yellow mombin and umbu are appreciable fruits with growing demand in the Northeast region of Brazil, used mainly in the form of pulps, juices, and ice cream, having great economic potential. Lyophilized products have high added value for maintaining a good part of their nutritional characteristics. The objective was to produce and characterize yellow mombin and umbu powders by lyophilization, using different concentrations of maltodextrin. The pulps were prepared in five formulations considering the addition of maltodextrin, with 0, 10, 20, 25 and 30% for yellow mombin and 0, 10, 15, 20, and 30% for umbu. Then they were frozen and lyophilized in a model L101 lyophilizer at a pressure at a final pressure of 170 mmHg and a temperature of (-50 ºC +/- 3 ºC). The physical-chemical characterization of the whole pulps and of the yellow mombin and umbu powders was carried out and were determined: water content (%), aw (water activity), protein (%), lipids (%), ash (%), ascorbic acid (mg of ascorbic acid.100g-1), SS (ºBrix), pH, titratable acidity (%), SS/AT ratio, color (L*, a * and b*), solubility (%) and hygroscopicity (%). Only in the formulation with 30% maltodextrin the water content of the powders was less than 5%, as recommended by the legislation for lyophilized fruits. The lower water activity (aw) was also obtained in this formulation, in addition to increased solubility and reduced hygroscopicity, which are factors that favor the quality and conservation of powders, which are more suitable for the production of food products

scholarly journals Added value of diffusion-weighted MRI in assessment of pleural lesions

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssriah Yahia Sabri ◽  
Ikram Hamed Mahmoud ◽  
Lamis Tarek El-Gendy ◽  
Mohamed Raafat Abd El-Mageed ◽  
Sally Fouad Tadros
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Pleural Diseases ◽  
Conventional Mri ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Abstract Background There are many causes of pleural disease including variable benign and malignant etiologies. DWI is a non-enhanced functional MRI technique that allows qualitative and quantitative characterization of tissues based on their water molecules diffusivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of DWI-MRI in detection and characterization of pleural diseases and its capability in differentiating benign from malignant pleural lesions. Results Conventional MRI was able to discriminate benign from malignant lesions by using morphological features (contour and thickness) with sensitivity 89.29%, specificity 76%, positive predictive value 89%, negative predictive value 76.92%, and accuracy 85.37%. ADC value as a quantitative parameter of DWI found that ADC values of malignant pleural diseases were significantly lower than that of benign lesions (P < 0.001). Hence, we discovered that using ADC mean value of 1.68 × 10-3 mm2/s as a cutoff value can differentiate malignant from benign pleural diseases with sensitivity 89.3%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100%, negative predictive value 81.2%, and accuracy 92.68% (P < 0.001). Conclusion Although DWI-MRI is unable to differentiate between malignant and benign pleural effusion, its combined morphological and functional information provide valid non-invasive method to accurately characterize pleural soft tissue diseases differentiating benign from malignant lesions with higher specificity and accuracy than conventional MRI.

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