scholarly journals Symptoms and Etiological Attribution: A Cross-Sectional Study in Mexican Outpatients with Psychosis and Their Relatives

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Lizzette Gómez-de-Regil ◽  
Agnès Ros-Morente ◽  
Gisela Rodríguez-Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Current Symptom ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Axis I

This cross-sectional study aimed at identifying the most common attributions of their mental disorder in a Mexican patients who have experienced psychosis and their relatives and exploring how having experienced or not characteristic psychotic symptoms and their present clinical status might affect their etiological attributions. Past and current symptom profiles of 66 patients were as assessed with the SCID-I (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders) and the PANSS (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), respectively. The etiological attribution of psychosis of patients (n=62) and the relatives (n=65) was assessed with the Angermeyer and Klusmann scale comprising 30 items into five categories: biology, personality, family, society, and esoteric. Patients and relatives attribute psychosis mainly to social factors. Relatives’ attributions were not influenced by clinical profile of patients, whereas in the case of patients it was only current clinical status that showed a difference, with those in nonremission scoring higher personality and family factors. Acknowledging patients’ and relatives’ beliefs about mental disorders at onset and later on is particularly important in psychosis, a mental condition with severe and/or persistent symptoms, in order to promote better involvement in treatment and in consequence efficacy and recovery.

scholarly journals The Association of Social Support and Symptomatic Remission among Community-Dwelling Schizophrenia Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3977
Author(s):  
Chi-Hsuan Fan ◽  
Shih-Chieh Hsu ◽  
Fei-Hsiu Hsiao ◽  
Chia-Ming Chang ◽  
Chia-Yih Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Remission Status ◽  
Remission Rates ◽  
Symptomatic Remission

Schizophrenia is a mental disease that often leads to chronicity. Social support could reduce the severity of psychotic symptoms; therefore, its influence on remission should be examined. This study investigated the remission rates in community-dwelling schizophrenia patients and examined the association between social support and remission status. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 129 schizophrenia patients in Taiwan. Remission rates were evaluated, and the level of social support, clinical characteristics, sociodemographic variables, and healthy lifestyle status were compared between the remission and nonremission groups. The association between social support and remission was analyzed after adjusting for confounding factors. The mean illness duration is 12.9 years. More than 95% of the participants lived with their families, 63% were unemployed, and 43% achieved remission. Higher social support was observed in the remission group, and a significant correlation was observed between family domain of social support and remission status. Family support was a protective factor of symptomatic remission in community-dwelling schizophrenia patients in Taiwan. The results reflect the effects of a family-centered culture on patients during illness. Consequently, reinforcing family relationships and the capacity of families to manage the symptoms of patients and providing support to families are recommended.

scholarly journals Relationship Pattern of Personality Disorder Traits in Major Psychiatric Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 025371762199953
Author(s):  
Bhavneesh Saini ◽  
Pir Dutt Bansal ◽  
Mamta Bahetra ◽  
Arvind Sharma ◽  
Priyanka Bansal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neurotic Disorders

Background: Normal personality development, gone awry due to genetic or environmental factors, results in personality disorders (PD). These often coexist with other psychiatric disorders, affecting their outcome adversely. Considering the heterogeneity of data, more research is warranted. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on personality traits in psychiatric patients of a tertiary hospital, over 1 year. Five hundred and twenty-five subjects, aged 18–45 years, with substance, psychotic, mood, or neurotic disorders were selected by convenience sampling. They were evaluated for illness-related variables using psychiatric pro forma; diagnostic confirmation and severity assessment were done using ICD-10 criteria and suitable scales. Personality assessment was done using the International Personality Disorder Examination after achieving remission. Results: Prevalence of PD traits and PDs was 56.3% and 4.2%, respectively. While mood disorders were the diagnostic group with the highest prevalence of PD traits, it was neurotic disorders for PDs. Patients with PD traits had a past psychiatric history and upper middle socioeconomic status (SES); patients with PDs were urban and unmarried. Both had a lower age of onset of psychiatric illness. Psychotic patients with PD traits had higher and lower PANSS positive and negative scores, respectively. The severity of personality pathology was highest for mixed cluster and among neurotic patients. Clusterwise prevalence was cluster C > B > mixed > A (47.1%, 25.2%, 16.7%, and 11.4%). Among subtypes, anankastic (18.1%) and mixed (16.7%) had the highest prevalence. Those in the cluster A group were the least educated and with lower SES than others. Conclusions: PD traits were present among 56.3% of the patients, and they had many significant sociodemographic and illness-related differences from those without PD traits. Cluster C had the highest prevalence. Among patients with psychotic disorders, those with PD traits had higher severity of psychotic symptoms.

scholarly journals Migration, family dysfunction and psychotic symptoms in children and adolescents

2005 ◽  
Vol 186 (5) ◽  
pp. 442-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis R. Patino ◽  
Jean-Paul Selten ◽  
Herman van Engeland ◽  
Jan H. M. Duyx ◽  
René S. Kahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Dysfunction ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Migration History ◽  
And Migration

SummaryA cross-sectional study of 3426 referred children and adolescents showed that the presence of both migration history and family dysfunction was associated with a fourfold (95% CI 2–9) higher risk of psychotic symptoms compared with the absence of these factors. The relative risk was 2 (95% CI 1–4) for migration history only. Interaction between migration history and family dysfunction accounted for 58% (95% CI 5–91%) of those with psychotic symptoms. These results suggest a relationship between family dysfunction and migration in the development of psychosis.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Cryptosporidiosis in Crossbred Calves in Two Selected Areas of Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
A Khair ◽  
MM Alam ◽  
AKMA Rahman ◽  
M Shahiduzzaman ◽  
MS Parvez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of bovine cryptosporidiosis using 110 fecal samples of crossbred diarrhoeic calves from two different areas (Muktagacha, Mymensingh and Shajadpur, Sirajgonj) in Bangladesh during April 2012 to September 2014. The fecal samples were screened by rapid detection kit and confirmed by Modified Ziehl- Neelsen staining, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The positive samples along with standard positive control yielded 1325bp band on PCR. The overall prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in crossbred calves was 28.18% (31/110) by rapid detection kit. The higher prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was found in the calves from Shajadpur (29.76%) than the calves from Muktagacha (23.08%).The prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was significantly (p<0.001) higher in calves between 1-2 months (70%) age group than less than one month age group (24.49%). Cryptosporidiosis was not observed in calves over two months age. The prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was higher in males (34.75%) than females (24.64%) although not significant statistically. It is evident that the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in bovine in these areas is under diagnosed and the clinical status of infection is potentially high.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v12i2.21288 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2014). 12 (2): 185-190 

scholarly journals Lifetime and 1-Month Prevalence of Mental Disorders in Hebei Province, China: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Sun ◽  
Yunshu Zhang ◽  
Lijun Cui ◽  
Jianfeng Li ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hebei Province ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Residents ◽  
Axis I ◽  
High Level

Background: The prevalence of mental disorders is an important topic, which has been reported in different countries in the world. In China, some studies were also conducted to get the prevalence of mental disorders at the national level and in some metropolitan cities. However, the prevalence of mental disorders in Chinese underdeveloped provinces has not been reported internationally in recent decades. Due to the discrepancy in the social-economic development of different Chinese provinces, we also have reasons to believe the different prevalence of mental disorders between underdeveloped provinces and other provinces.Method: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among community residents aged 18 years and older in Hebei province, China. We screened 20,884 community residents in this study, and a Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) Axis I disorders was used to make the diagnoses of mental disorders.Results: The weighted lifetime prevalence of mental disorders was 15.87% (95% CI 15.38–16.38%), and the 1-month prevalence was 10.79% (95% CI 10.37–11.22%). Anxiety disorder ranked first in the classification of mental disorders for both lifetime (6.56%) and 1-month prevalence (6.25%). The weighted lifetime and 1-month region–gender–age-specific prevalence of mental disorders was also analyzed in this study.Conclusions: Mental disorders have been an important issue in Chinese economically underdeveloped regions, and the prevalence was at a high level compared with the results in the 2000s. There are several serious challenges in the work of Chinese mental disorders, which should be paid more attention to.

scholarly journals Influence of alexithymia on the management of Latin American patients with asthma: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205031212093091
Author(s):  
Emanuel Vanegas ◽  
Miguel Felix ◽  
German D Ramon ◽  
Orlando López Jove ◽  
Edgar Emilio Matos Benavides ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Asthma Patient ◽  
Asthma Severity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Toronto Alexithymia Scale

Objectives: In asthmatic patients, studies suggest that alexithymia leads to negative consequences and emotions that can affect physical, psychological, and social aspects of life. We designed this study to determine the frequency of alexithymia in Latin American patients with asthma, as well as to understand how this personality trait and each of its components interact with asthma severity and demographic variables, and their implications on treatment adherence and disease control under such setting. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study, involving 265 Latin American patients with asthma. Patient demographics and clinical characteristics were reported. The presence of alexithymia, asthma severity, and control, as well as treatment adherence, was analyzed. To assess the presence of alexithymia, the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale was used. For the statistical analyses, we performed Kendall’s tau-b correlation coefficient, chi-square tests for association, and one-way analysis of variance. Results: A total of 265 patients participated in the study with a gender distribution of 69.4% female and an average age of 54.7 years. In total, 30.2% of individuals presented alexithymia. There was a statistically significant correlation between educational level and 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale categories ( p < .001), as well as a higher proportion of severe (35.1%, p = .001) and uncontrolled (50.0%, p = .185) asthma in patients with alexithymia. A higher proportion of patients with some level of non-adherence was seen on those with uncontrolled asthma (68.5%, p = .008). Conclusion: Our results suggest that in our sample, 3 in 10 Latin American asthma patients have alexithymia, and such mental condition is more common in those individuals with lower educational levels. Individuals with alexithymia present with severe asthma more frequently than do patients with possible or no alexithymia and are also more likely to have their disease uncontrolled.

scholarly journals Affective temperaments of Lebanese patients with schizophrenia: comparison by gender and severity of psychosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph E. Dib ◽  
Ilige Nehme ◽  
Chadia Haddad ◽  
Jocelyne Azar ◽  
Souheil Hallit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Affective Temperament ◽  
Hyperthymic Temperament

Abstract Objectives Our aim in this study was to identify affective temperament differences utilizing the TEMPS-A in a large sample size of Lebanese patients with schizophrenia and compare them to healthy controls. Gender differences, demographic factors and degree of psychotic symptoms were also considered. A cross‐sectional study was conducted at the Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross (PHC) from March to June 2019. Two-hundred fifty chronic patients with schizophrenia were compared to 250 healthy controls randomly chosen from the general population. Results Patients with schizophrenia significantly had higher mean depressive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperament scores compared to healthy controls. Healthy controls significantly had a higher mean hyperthymic temperament score compared to patients with schizophrenia. In the group of patients with schizophrenia exclusively, females scored higher in terms of depressive, cyclothymic and anxious temperaments compared to males. In the group of healthy controls, males scored higher in terms of hyperthymic and irritable temperaments compared to females, whereas a higher mean depressive and anxious temperament scores were significantly found in females compared to males. In addition, higher PANSS total scores, as well as higher positive, negative and general subscales scores were significantly associated with higher depressive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperament scores.

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