Migration, family dysfunction and psychotic symptoms in children and adolescents

SummaryA cross-sectional study of 3426 referred children and adolescents showed that the presence of both migration history and family dysfunction was associated with a fourfold (95% CI 2–9) higher risk of psychotic symptoms compared with the absence of these factors. The relative risk was 2 (95% CI 1–4) for migration history only. Interaction between migration history and family dysfunction accounted for 58% (95% CI 5–91%) of those with psychotic symptoms. These results suggest a relationship between family dysfunction and migration in the development of psychosis.

Download Full-text

Predicting Suicidal Risk in a Cohort of Depressed Children and Adolescents

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000095 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 13-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Sarah E. Hetrick ◽

Alexandra G. Parker ◽

Jo Robinson ◽

Nicole Hall ◽

Alasdair Vance

Keyword(s):

Depressive Disorder ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Family Dysfunction ◽

Dysthymic Disorder ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Targeted Interventions ◽

Disorder Symptom

Background: In children and adolescents with a depressive disorder, predicting who will also go on to exhibit suicide-related behaviors (SRBs), including suicide attempt or self-harm, is a key challenge facing clinicians. Aims: To investigate the relative contributions of depressive disorder severity, hopelessness, family dysfunction, and perceived social support to the risk of suicide-related behaviors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of a group of 10–16-year-olds with major depressive disorders and dysthymic disorder. Results: Child-rated depressive disorder symptom severity emerged as the greatest predictor of risk. Hopelessness and family dysfunction were also significant predictors of SRBs. In combination these variables were strong predictors, accounting for 66% of the variance. This is a cross-sectional study design, rather than longitudinal, therefore risk prediction over time was not possible. Conclusions: Understanding the child and adolescents depressive disorder symptom severity from their perspective, their level of hopelessness, as well as their family context is critical in understanding the risk of SRBs. These findings may help to provide direction for targeted interventions to address these clinical risk factors.

Download Full-text

The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0: A Study on Normal Children and Adolescents in India−A Cross-Sectional Study

Critical Reviews in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine ◽

10.1615/critrevphysrehabilmed.v22.i1-4.50 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (1-4) ◽

pp. 61-69

Author(s):

Prayash Rath ◽

Sailakshmi Ganesan ◽

Amitesh Narayan

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Normal Children ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Quality Of Life Inventory ◽

Life Inventory

Download Full-text

The Association of Social Support and Symptomatic Remission among Community-Dwelling Schizophrenia Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18083977 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 3977

Author(s):

Chi-Hsuan Fan ◽

Shih-Chieh Hsu ◽

Fei-Hsiu Hsiao ◽

Chia-Ming Chang ◽

Chia-Yih Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Psychotic Symptoms ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Remission Status ◽

Remission Rates ◽

Symptomatic Remission

Schizophrenia is a mental disease that often leads to chronicity. Social support could reduce the severity of psychotic symptoms; therefore, its influence on remission should be examined. This study investigated the remission rates in community-dwelling schizophrenia patients and examined the association between social support and remission status. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 129 schizophrenia patients in Taiwan. Remission rates were evaluated, and the level of social support, clinical characteristics, sociodemographic variables, and healthy lifestyle status were compared between the remission and nonremission groups. The association between social support and remission was analyzed after adjusting for confounding factors. The mean illness duration is 12.9 years. More than 95% of the participants lived with their families, 63% were unemployed, and 43% achieved remission. Higher social support was observed in the remission group, and a significant correlation was observed between family domain of social support and remission status. Family support was a protective factor of symptomatic remission in community-dwelling schizophrenia patients in Taiwan. The results reflect the effects of a family-centered culture on patients during illness. Consequently, reinforcing family relationships and the capacity of families to manage the symptoms of patients and providing support to families are recommended.

Download Full-text

Comparing self-perceived global self-esteem and physical self-esteem among children and adolescents in Southeastern Sweden, investigated in 2000 and 2017

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2018-0250 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Anders Raustorp ◽

Andreas Fröberg

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Children And Youth ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Self Perception ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Grade Levels ◽

Grade 5 ◽

Grade 8

AbstractObjectivesTo compare self-perceived global self-esteem (GSE) and physical self-esteem (PSE) among children and adolescents aged 11 and 14 years in Southeastern Sweden, investigated in 2000 and 2017.MethodsThe present study consists of two independent cross-sectional study-cohorts from Southeastern Sweden, investigated in 2000 and 2017. The same protocol, procedures, and instruments were used in 2000 and 2017. In October 2000, data for self-perceived GSE and PSE, and anthropometry were collected from 11-years old children (Grade 5) (n=74) and 14-years old adolescents (Grade 8) (n=84). In October 2017, children (n=186) and adolescents (n=140) from the same grade-levels, schools and classrooms provided data for the same variables as in 2000. GSE and PSE were assessed with the Children and Youth Physical Self-Perception Profile (CY-PSPP).ResultsSelf-perceived GSE was higher in 2017 as compared to 2000 among both 11-years old boys (p<0.001) and girls (p<0.001) and 14-years old boys (p=0.008) and girls (p<0.001). Similarly, self-perceived PSE was higher in 2017 as compared to 2000 among both 11-years old boys (p<0.001) and girls (p=0.023) and 14-years old boys (p=0.025) and girls (p=0.002).ConclusionsSelf-perceived GSE and PSE among children and adolescents aged 11 and 14 years in Southeastern Sweden were higher in 2017 as compared to 2000. These results are not in agreement with the increased psychological ill-health as being reported among children and adolescents during the last decade in Sweden.

Download Full-text

Relationship Pattern of Personality Disorder Traits in Major Psychiatric Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study

Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1177/0253717621999537 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 025371762199953

Author(s):

Bhavneesh Saini ◽

Pir Dutt Bansal ◽

Mamta Bahetra ◽

Arvind Sharma ◽

Priyanka Bansal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Personality Disorder ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Psychotic Disorders ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Psychiatric Patients ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Psychotic Symptoms ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Neurotic Disorders

Background: Normal personality development, gone awry due to genetic or environmental factors, results in personality disorders (PD). These often coexist with other psychiatric disorders, affecting their outcome adversely. Considering the heterogeneity of data, more research is warranted. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on personality traits in psychiatric patients of a tertiary hospital, over 1 year. Five hundred and twenty-five subjects, aged 18–45 years, with substance, psychotic, mood, or neurotic disorders were selected by convenience sampling. They were evaluated for illness-related variables using psychiatric pro forma; diagnostic confirmation and severity assessment were done using ICD-10 criteria and suitable scales. Personality assessment was done using the International Personality Disorder Examination after achieving remission. Results: Prevalence of PD traits and PDs was 56.3% and 4.2%, respectively. While mood disorders were the diagnostic group with the highest prevalence of PD traits, it was neurotic disorders for PDs. Patients with PD traits had a past psychiatric history and upper middle socioeconomic status (SES); patients with PDs were urban and unmarried. Both had a lower age of onset of psychiatric illness. Psychotic patients with PD traits had higher and lower PANSS positive and negative scores, respectively. The severity of personality pathology was highest for mixed cluster and among neurotic patients. Clusterwise prevalence was cluster C > B > mixed > A (47.1%, 25.2%, 16.7%, and 11.4%). Among subtypes, anankastic (18.1%) and mixed (16.7%) had the highest prevalence. Those in the cluster A group were the least educated and with lower SES than others. Conclusions: PD traits were present among 56.3% of the patients, and they had many significant sociodemographic and illness-related differences from those without PD traits. Cluster C had the highest prevalence. Among patients with psychotic disorders, those with PD traits had higher severity of psychotic symptoms.

Download Full-text