scholarly journals Biotechnological Processes in Microbial Amylase Production

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subash C. B. Gopinath ◽  
Periasamy Anbu ◽  
M. K. Md Arshad ◽  
Thangavel Lakshmipriya ◽  
Chun Hong Voon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Amylase Production ◽  
Pinch Technology ◽  
Biotechnological Processes ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Amylase is an important and indispensable enzyme that plays a pivotal role in the field of biotechnology. It is produced mainly from microbial sources and is used in many industries. Industrial sectors with top-down and bottom-up approaches are currently focusing on improving microbial amylase production levels by implementing bioengineering technologies. The further support of energy consumption studies, such as those on thermodynamics, pinch technology, and environment-friendly technologies, has hastened the large-scale production of the enzyme. Herein, the importance of microbial (bacteria and fungi) amylase is discussed along with its production methods from the laboratory to industrial scales.

An Improved And Suitable Method For Large Scale Produdcion Of Α-Monochlorocyclodecanone

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhua Ou ◽  
Ruolin Wang ◽  
Ruonan Liu ◽  
Hong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Separation Method ◽  
Suitable Method ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Ideal Approach

: α-Monochlorocyclododecanone was synthesized from cyclododecane and 1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DCDMH) catalyzed with silica gel in MeOH. The product was obtained by crystallization with nearly 85% yield. The presented method used cheap raw materials, mild reaction conditions, simple separation method and environment-friendly process. Additionally, the current synthesis provided an ideal approach for large-scale production.

scholarly journals A Review on the Production Methods and Applications of Graphene-Based Materials

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2414
Author(s):  
Md Abdullah Al Faruque ◽  
Md Syduzzaman ◽  
Joy Sarkar ◽  
Kadir Bilisik ◽  
Maryam Naebe
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Scientific Advancement ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Energy Transportation ◽  
Research Domains

Graphene-based materials in the form of fibres, fabrics, films, and composite materials are the most widely investigated research domains because of their remarkable physicochemical and thermomechanical properties. In this era of scientific advancement, graphene has built the foundation of a new horizon of possibilities and received tremendous research focus in several application areas such as aerospace, energy, transportation, healthcare, agriculture, wastewater management, and wearable technology. Although graphene has been found to provide exceptional results in every application field, a massive proportion of research is still underway to configure required parameters to ensure the best possible outcomes from graphene-based materials. Until now, several review articles have been published to summarise the excellence of graphene and its derivatives, which focused mainly on a single application area of graphene. However, no single review is found to comprehensively study most used fabrication processes of graphene-based materials including their diversified and potential application areas. To address this genuine gap and ensure wider support for the upcoming research and investigations of this excellent material, this review aims to provide a snapshot of most used fabrication methods of graphene-based materials in the form of pure and composite fibres, graphene-based composite materials conjugated with polymers, and fibres. This study also provides a clear perspective of large-scale production feasibility and application areas of graphene-based materials in all forms.

scholarly journals Laccases: structure, function, and potential application in water bioremediation

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Arregui ◽  
Marcela Ayala ◽  
Ximena Gómez-Gil ◽  
Guadalupe Gutiérrez-Soto ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Hernández-Luna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Solvent Tolerance ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Immobilization Of Enzymes ◽  
Biotechnological Processes

AbstractThe global rise in urbanization and industrial activity has led to the production and incorporation of foreign contaminant molecules into ecosystems, distorting them and impacting human and animal health. Physical, chemical, and biological strategies have been adopted to eliminate these contaminants from water bodies under anthropogenic stress. Biotechnological processes involving microorganisms and enzymes have been used for this purpose; specifically, laccases, which are broad spectrum biocatalysts, have been used to degrade several compounds, such as those that can be found in the effluents from industries and hospitals. Laccases have shown high potential in the biotransformation of diverse pollutants using crude enzyme extracts or free enzymes. However, their application in bioremediation and water treatment at a large scale is limited by the complex composition and high salt concentration and pH values of contaminated media that affect protein stability, recovery and recycling. These issues are also associated with operational problems and the necessity of large-scale production of laccase. Hence, more knowledge on the molecular characteristics of water bodies is required to identify and develop new laccases that can be used under complex conditions and to develop novel strategies and processes to achieve their efficient application in treating contaminated water. Recently, stability, efficiency, separation and reuse issues have been overcome by the immobilization of enzymes and development of novel biocatalytic materials. This review provides recent information on laccases from different sources, their structures and biochemical properties, mechanisms of action, and application in the bioremediation and biotransformation of contaminant molecules in water. Moreover, we discuss a series of improvements that have been attempted for better organic solvent tolerance, thermo-tolerance, and operational stability of laccases, as per process requirements.

scholarly journals Effects of post-lithography cleaning on the yield and performance of CVD graphene-based devices

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 349-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Nery Duarte de Araujo ◽  
Thiago Alonso Stephan Lacerda de Sousa ◽  
Luciano de Moura Guimarães ◽  
Flavio Plentz
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Transport ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Cvd Graphene ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Conventional Production ◽  
Protection Layer ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Graphene Devices

The large-scale production of high-quality and clean graphene devices, aiming at technological applications, has been a great challenge over the last decade. This is due to the high affinity of graphene with polymers that are usually applied in standard lithography processes and that, inevitably, modify the electrical proprieties of graphene. By Raman spectroscopy and electrical-transport investigations, we correlate the room-temperature carrier mobility of graphene devices with the size of well-ordered domains in graphene. In addition, we show that the size of these well-ordered domains is highly influenced by post-photolithography cleaning processes. Finally, we show that by using poly(dimethylglutarimide) (PMGI) as a protection layer, the production yield of CVD graphene devices is enhanced. Conversely, their electrical properties are deteriorated as compared with devices fabricated by conventional production methods.

scholarly journals Specialized Metabolites and Valuable Molecules in Crop and Medicinal Plants: The Evolution of Their Use and Strategies for Their Production

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 936
Author(s):  
Vincenzo D’Amelia ◽  
Teresa Docimo ◽  
Christoph Crocoll ◽  
Maria Manuela Rigano
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Molecular Farming ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Studies ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Novel Applications

Plants naturally produce a terrific diversity of molecules, which we exploit for promoting our overall well-being. Plants are also green factories. Indeed, they may be exploited to biosynthesize bioactive molecules, proteins, carbohydrates and biopolymers for sustainable and large-scale production. These molecules are easily converted into commodities such as pharmaceuticals, antioxidants, food, feed and biofuels for multiple industrial processes. Novel plant biotechnological, genetics and metabolic insights ensure and increase the applicability of plant-derived compounds in several industrial sectors. In particular, synergy between disciplines, including apparently distant ones such as plant physiology, pharmacology, ‘omics sciences, bioinformatics and nanotechnology paves the path to novel applications of the so-called molecular farming. We present an overview of the novel studies recently published regarding these issues in the hope to have brought out all the interesting aspects of these published studies.

scholarly journals A review on the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles by solution route

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shipra Gupta ◽  
Manoj Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Processing Times ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Solution Route ◽  
Solution Routes

AbstractTiO2 can be prepared in the form of powder, crystals, or thin films. Liquid-phase processing is one of the most convenient and utilized methods of synthesis. It has the advantage of allowing control over the stoichiometry, production of homogeneous materials, formation of complex shapes, and preparation of composite materials. However, there may be some disadvantages such as expensive precursors, long processing times, and the presence of carbon as an impurity. In comparison, the physical production techniques, although environment friendly, are limited by the size of the produced samples which is not sufficient for a large-scale production. The most commonly used solution routes in the synthesis of TiO2 are reviewed.

I. S. A. Baud. Forms of Production and Women's Labour: Gender Aspects of Industrialisation in India and Mexico. New Delhi: Sage Publications. 1992. 321 pp.Hardbound. Price: Indian Rs 295.00.

1993 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-131
Author(s):  
Naureen Talha
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Commodity Production ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Mexican Society ◽  
Small Production

The literature on female labour in Third World countries has become quite extensive. India, being comparatively more advanced industrially, and in view of its size and population, presents a pictures of multiplicity of problems which face the female labour market. However, the author has also included Mexico in this analytical study. It is interesting to see the characteristics of developing industrialisation in two different societies: the Indian society, which is conservative, and the Mexican society, which is progressive. In the first chapter of the book, the author explains that he is not concerned with the process of industrialisation and female labour employed at different levels of work, but that he is interested in forms of production and women's employment in large-scale production, petty commodity production, marginal small production, and self-employment in the informal sector. It is only by analysis of these forms that the picture of females having a lower status is understood in its social and political setting.

An Efficient and Improved Process for the Synthesis of Itopride Hydrochloride and Trimethobenzamide Hydrochloride

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 572-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ponnusamy Kannan ◽  
Samuel I.D. Presley ◽  
Pallikondaperumal Shanmugasundaram ◽  
Nagapillai Prakash ◽  
Deivanayagam Easwaramoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Hydrochloride Salt ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Non Ulcer Dyspepsia ◽  
Itopride Hydrochloride ◽  
Yield And Purity

Aim and Objective: Itopride is a prokinetic agent used for treating conditions like non-ulcer dyspepsia. Itopride is administered as its hydrochloride salt. Trimethobenzamide is used for treating nausea and vomiting and administered as its hydrochloride salt. The aim is to develop a novel and environmental friendly method for large-scale production of itopride and trimethobenzamide. Materials and Methods: Itopride and trimethobenzamide can be prepared from a common intermediate 4- (dimethylaminoethoxy) benzyl amine. The intermediate is prepared from one pot synthesis using Phyrdroxybenzaldehye and zinc dust and further reaction of the intermediate with substituted methoxy benzoic acid along with boric acid and PEG gives itopride and trimethobenzamide. Results: The intermediate 4-(dimethylaminoethoxy) benzylamine is prepared by treating p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride. The aldehyde formed is treated with hydroxylamine hydrochloride. The intermediate is confirmed by NMR and the purity is analysed by HPLC. Conclusion: Both itopride and trimethobenzamide were successfully synthesized by this method. The developed method is environmental friendly, economical for large-scale production with good yield and purity.

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