Production of ferroalloys in rotary tilting furnaces

The article presents an analysis of methods that can be used for low‑tonnage production of ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and other ferroalloys in the conditions of a machine‑building enterprise using its own waste, including dispersed. It is proposed to carry out the production of ferroalloys in rotary tilting furnaces (RNP) of a new generation, which have maximum efficiency when heating and melting dispersed materials, allow active oxidation and reduction processes and are able to provide the necessary profitability even with small production volumes.

Production Risks and Benefits Corn-Cow Integration System

The data analysis used in this research is risk analysis, profit analysis and farming feasibility analysis. The corn-beef cattle integration system can provide great benefits, and a relatively small production risk. The risk of production in corn farming is greater than that of beef cattle (KV = 0.49<0.40). Meanwhile, the profit of corn farming is 10,027,029 IDR / season or 12,605,408 IDR / season / hectare with an R/C ratio of 3.12. The profit of the cattle business is 7,863,872 IDR / period or 1,669,831 / period / head with an R/C ratio of 1.25. So that the average profit of corn-cow integration farmers is 17,890,901 IDR.

On the Feasibility of the Closed Cycle Local Economy Based on Pyrolysis

Modern technologies allow much higher rate of prosperity than normally seen around the globe. The development can be achieved based on the local resources. Pyrolysis should play the central role on the initial stage of the processing of the biomass. The practical experience made by the development engineers allow to make solid conclusion about the current problems faced during the introduction of the technology. The introduction of pyrolysis technologies, especially in developing countries, faces non-engineering problems. The assessment of the economic viability of the introduced technological process can be performed based on the coverage of the global deficit, primarily in terms of resources substituted as inputs. To motivate the local population, it is proposed to introduce a large number of small production facilities with a unified system of coordination of producers and partial transfer of ownership rights. The regional economy should undergo the balanced growth and be protected by cheap quasi real regional currency and expensive accumulative currency. The reginal saving rate can be regulated, allowing for the accelerated rate of regional investments. New green technologies based on pyrolysis should allow for the new regional economic policy named “Green economic defensive initiative”.

The Performance of 3D Printed Polymer Tools in Sheet Metal Forming

Additively manufactured polymer tools are evaluated for use in metal forming as prototype tools and in the attempt to make sheet metal more attractive to small production volumes. Printing materials, strategies and accuracies are presented before the tools and tested in V-bending and groove pressing of 1 mm aluminum sheets. The V-bending shows that the tools change surface topography during forming until a steady state is reached at around five strokes. The geometrical accuracy obtained in V-bending is evaluated by the spring-back angle and the resulting bend radius, while bending to 90° with three different punch nose radii. The spring-back shows additional effects from the elastic deflection of the tools, and the influence from the punch nose radius is found to be influenced by the printing strategy due to the ratio between tool radius and the printed solid shell thickness enclosing the otherwise less dense bulk part of the tool. Groove pressing shows the combined effect of groove heights and angular changes due to spring-back. In all cases, the repeatability is discussed to show the potential of tool corrections for obtaining formed parts closer to nominal values.

Autonomous 3D geometry reconstruction through robot-manipulated optical sensors

Many industrial sectors face increasing production demands and need to reduce costs, without compromising the quality. Whereas mass production relies on well-established protocols, small production facilities with small lot sizes struggle to update their highly changeable production at reasonable costs. The use of robotics and automation has grown significantly in recent years, but extremely versatile robotic manipulators are still not commonly used in small factories. Beside of the investments required to enable efficient and profitable use of robot technology, the efforts needed to program robots are only economically viable in case of large lot sizes. Generating robot programs for specific manufacturing tasks still relies on programming trajectory waypoints by hand. The use of virtual simulation software and the availability of the specimen digital models can facilitate robot programming. Nevertheless, in many cases, the virtual models are not available or there are unavoidable differences between virtual and real setups, leading to inaccurate robot programs and time-consuming manual corrections. This could be avoided by measuring the real-geometry and the position of the specimen, which creates the paradox of having to plan robot paths for surface mapping purposes, before the originally intended robot task can be approached. Previous works have demonstrated the use of robotically manipulated optical sensors to map the geometry of samples. However, the use of simple user-defined robot paths, which are not optimized to the part geometry, typically causes some areas of the samples to not be mapped with the required level of accuracy or to not be sampled at all by the optical sensor. This work presents an autonomous framework to enable adaptive surface mapping, without any previous knowledge of the part geometry being transferred to the system. The article gives an overview of the related work in the field, a detailed description of the proposed framework and a proof of its functionality through both simulated and experimental evidences.

Recent Advances in 3D Printing of Polyhydroxyalkanoates: A Review

In the 21st century, additive manufacturing technologies have gained in popularity mainly due to benefits such as rapid prototyping, faster small production runs, flexibility and space for innovations, non-complexity of the process and broad affordability. In order to meet diverse requirements that 3D models have to meet, it is necessary to develop new 3D printing technologies as well as processed materials. This review is focused on 3D printing technologies applicable for polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). PHAs are thermoplastics regarded as a green alternative to petrochemical polymers. The 3D printing technologies presented as available for PHAs are selective laser sintering and fused deposition modeling. Stereolithography can also be applied provided that the molecular weight and functional end groups of the PHA are adjusted for photopolymerization. The chemical and physical properties primarily influence the processing of PHAs by 3D printing technologies. The intensive research for the fabrication of 3D objects based on PHA has been applied to fulfil criteria of rapid and customized prototyping mainly in the medical area.

New opportunities of Adaptation of Kazakhstan TV channels to the YouTube platform

Now Kazakhstani TV channels are adapting to the digital environment. However, they have not yet fully understood the capabilities and requirements of the new environment. There are undoubtedly different problems. According to television experts, the number of viewers on traditional channels is decreasing per year. The youth audience is completely excluded from television. The main reason for this is the increase in the number of YouTube channels. Most of the electronic media have opened their own channels on this platform. But, TV channels can only broadcast their programmes online. However, the YouTube hosting requirements for video content are different. From this point of view, we are looking for scientific answers to the question of what prevents the improvement of the online network of domestic channels, why small production studios cannot take over YouTube. The results of the study show that domestic TV channels have done a great job in this network. TV channels on YouTube are mainly focused on information products. And given that online audiences are interested in entertainment content, channels will have to do some research in that direction. The article also provides a scientific opinion on this matter. The study also provides a scientific analysis of the main factors contributing to the development of Kazakhlanguage channels on YouTube.

Sewage and natural water treatment with higher plants

The application of Eichhornia azurea and Eichornia crassipe for the treatment of organomineral wastewater of small production facilities in model experiments and the waters of surface water bodies saturated with nutrients was studied.

Empowerment of Farmer Group Members through The Application of Sweet Potato Cultivation Intercropping with Sweet Corn Plants in Cibeber District, Cianjur Regency, West Java

Sweet potato plants are generally planted monoculture by farmers, so that the cultivation activities in one season only focus on one commodity and no other mixed commodities. The possibility that occurs when implementing a monoculture cropping system is a failure to harvest or small production results if the plant is attacked by pests or diseases, also less optimal use of the land used. One effort to overcome this problem is the intercropping system. The purpose of this study is to describe the level of empowerment of farmer group members through the application of sweet potato cultivation intercropping with sweet corn plants, analyzing the influential factors and strategies to increase the empowerment of farmer group members through the adoption of sweet potato cultivation intercropping with sweet corn plants. The population of this study was 145 people and 61 samples were taken. Data analysis methods used are descriptive statistical analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and Kendall's W. analysis. The results of the study show that the level of empowerment of farmer group members in the three research object villages is in the high category of 38 people or (62.30%) of the total overall respondent. The factors that influence the empowerment of farmer group members through the implementation of intercropping are external factors in extension activities. The strategy to increase the empowerment of farmer group members through the implementation of intercropping by carrying out counseling containing material about intercropping and sweet potato cultivation systems.