scholarly journals Assessing Cognitive Ability and Simulator-Based Driving Performance in Poststroke Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Blane ◽  
Hoe C. Lee ◽  
Torbjörn Falkmer ◽  
Tania Dukic Willstrand
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Important Activity

Driving is an important activity of daily living, which is increasingly relied upon as the population ages. It has been well-established that cognitive processes decline following a stroke and these processes may influence driving performance. There is much debate on the use of off-road neurological assessments and driving simulators as tools to predict driving performance; however, the majority of research uses unlicensed poststroke drivers, making the comparability of poststroke adults to that of a control group difficult. It stands to reason that in order to determine whether simulators and cognitive assessments can accurately assess driving performance, the baseline should be set by licenced drivers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess differences in cognitive ability and driving simulator performance in licensed community-dwelling poststroke drivers and controls. Two groups of licensed drivers (37 poststroke and 43 controls) were assessed using several cognitive tasks and using a driving simulator. The poststroke adults exhibited poorer cognitive ability; however, there were no differences in simulator performance between groups except that the poststroke drivers demonstrated less variability in driver headway. The application of these results as a prescreening toolbox for poststroke drivers is discussed.

scholarly journals Testing the Effectiveness of a Mixed-Method Pilot Intervention in Reducing Risky Driving Due to Aggression and Stress

Safety ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Maria Papadakaki ◽  
Nikolaos Stamou ◽  
Stefanos Bessas ◽  
Stavroula Lioliou ◽  
Jooannes Chliaoutakis
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cognitive Restructuring ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Experiential Instruction ◽  
Pilot Intervention

The study aimed at testing the effectiveness of a mixed-method pilot intervention in reducing risky self-reported driving performance, upon addressing stress and aggression while driving. The study recruited individuals who had performed these behaviors during the year preceding the study and allocated them into an intervention (n = 10) and a control group (n = 30). A pre-and postintervention evaluation design was employed to explore changes in risky self-reported driving behaviors, 12 months after the intervention. The intervention involved 2 h of experiential instruction and 1 h of cognitive restructuring using a driving simulator and scenarios appropriate for the processing of driving stress, aggression, and risk. The intervention group displayed significant improvements in the scales of “Hazard Monitoring” (p = 0.037) and “Covered Violations” (p = 0.049) at the postintervention level. No statistically significant differences were identified in terms of self-reported driving performance between the intervention and the control group at postintervention level. Launching large-scale experimental surveys with broadened cognitive restructuring approaches seems important to deepen our understanding of the behavioral change processes and increase the effectiveness of future interventions.

scholarly journals Time taken to resume driving following hip arthroscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suenghwan Jo ◽  
Sang Hong Lee ◽  
Se Woong Jang ◽  
Hyun Bai Choi ◽  
Ba Rom Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Arthroscopy ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Surgery Group ◽  
Time Required ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Resuming driving is a common concern among patients undergoing hip arthroscopy. The present study aimed to assess whether patients who had undergone right hip arthroscopy presented with poorer driving performance than patients with normal hips and to analyze the time required to regain preoperative driving performance. Methods Forty-seven patients who had undergone right hip arthroscopy and consented to our test protocol were included in this study. Using an immersive driving simulator, the patients were tested for their brake reaction time (BRT), total brake time (TBT), and brake pedal depression (BPD) preoperatively and postoperatively. The first postoperative assessments were conducted when the patients could comfortably sit on the driving seat, and the follow-up assessments were conducted for 6 consecutive weeks at weekly intervals. The patients were divided into the following two groups based on the type of surgery that they underwent: the femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) surgery group and the simple hip arthroscopy (SA) group. Twenty healthy volunteers underwent driving assessments thrice at weekly intervals and constituted the control group. The braking parameters were compared between preoperative and postoperative measurements and among the FAI surgery, SA, and control groups. Results The preoperative braking parameters of the patients who underwent arthroscopy did not differ significantly from those of the controls (p = 0.373, 0.763, and 0.447 for the BRT, TBT, and BPD, respectively). All braking parameters returned to normal in 2 weeks in the FAI surgery group and in 1 week in the SA group. Conclusions Our study suggests that the driving performance of patients who underwent right hip arthroscopy is comparable to that of individuals with normal hips and that the braking parameters may normalize to the preoperative state at 1 week after SA and 2 weeks after FAI surgery.

scholarly journals Time Taken to Resume Driving Following Hip Arthroscopy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suenghwan Jo ◽  
Sang Hong Lee ◽  
Se Woong Jang ◽  
Hyun Bai Choi ◽  
Ba Rom Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Arthroscopy ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Surgery Group ◽  
Time Required ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Resuming driving is a common concern among patients undergoing hip arthroscopy. The present study aimed to assess whether patients who had undergone right hip arthroscopy presented with poorer driving performance than patients with normal hips and to analyze the time required to regain preoperative driving performance. Methods: Forty-seven patients who had undergone right hip arthroscopy and consented to our test protocol were included in this study. Using an immersive driving simulator, the patients were tested for their brake reaction time (BRT), total brake time (TBT), and brake pedal depression (BPD) preoperatively and postoperatively. The first postoperative assessments were conducted when the patients could comfortably sit on the driving seat, and the follow-up assessments were conducted for 6 consecutive weeks at weekly intervals. The patients were divided into the following two groups based on the type of surgery that they underwent: the femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) surgery group and the simple hip arthroscopy (SA) group. Twenty healthy volunteers underwent driving assessments thrice at weekly intervals and constituted the control group. The braking parameters were compared between preoperative and postoperative measurements and among the FAI surgery, SA, and control groups. Results: The preoperative braking parameters of the patients who underwent arthroscopy did not differ significantly from those of the controls (p=0.373, 0.763, and 0.447 for the BRT, TBT, and BPD, respectively). All braking parameters returned to normal in 2 weeks in the FAI surgery group and in 1 week in the SA group. Conclusions: Our study suggests that the driving performance of patients who underwent right hip arthroscopy is comparable to that of individuals with normal hips and that the braking parameters may normalize to the preoperative state at 1 week after SA and 2 weeks after FAI surgery.

scholarly journals Neural correlates of safe driving performance: An fMRI study featuring a pedestrian-rich simulator environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentaro Oba ◽  
Koji Hamada ◽  
Azumi Tanabe-Ishibashi ◽  
Fumihiko Murase ◽  
Masaaki Hirose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Facilitatory Effect ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Car Accidents ◽  
Fmri Study

Distracted attention is considered responsible for most car accidents, and many functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) researchers have addressed its neural correlates using a car-driving simulator. Previous studies, however, have not directly addressed safe driving performance and did not place pedestrians in the simulator environment. In this fMRI study, we simulated a pedestrian-rich environment to explore the neural correlates of three types of safe driving performance: driving accuracy, the braking response to a preceding car, and the braking response to a crossing pedestrian. Activation of the bilateral frontoparietal control network predicted high driving accuracy. On the other hand, activation of the left posterior and right anterior superior temporal sulci preceding a sudden pedestrian crossing predicted a slow braking response. The results suggest the involvement of different cognitive processes in different components of driving safety: the facilitatory effect of maintained attention on driving accuracy and the distracting effect of social–cognitive processes on the braking response to pedestrians.

Investigating cognitive ability and self-reported driving performance of post-stroke adults in a driving simulator

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Blane ◽  
Torbjörn Falkmer ◽  
Hoe C. Lee ◽  
Tania Dukic Willstrand
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Post Stroke

Effectiveness of a community-based self-care promoting program for community-dwelling older adults: a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 852-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkers Kwan Ching Wong ◽  
Frances Kam Yuet Wong ◽  
Katherine Chang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

AbstractBackgroundThe existing health care system tends to be focused on acute diseases or patients with high levels of need and is not ideal for meeting the challenges of an ageing population. This study introduced a community-based self-care promoting program for community-dwelling older adults, and tested its effects on maintaining health.ObjectivesTo determine whether the program can increase self-efficacy, quality of life (QoL), basic and instrumental activities of daily living, and medication adherence, while reducing health service utilization for community-dwelling older adults.MethodsResearchers randomly assigned 457 older adults to receive the intervention (n = 230) or be controls (n = 227). The intervention included assessment and education of self-care and health-promoting behaviors, co-produced care planning and self-efficacy enhancing components supported by a health-social partnership. The control group received placebo social calls. The outcomes were measured at pre-intervention (T1) and three months post-intervention (T2).ResultsAnalysis showed that the intervention group had a significantly higher score in self-efficacy (P = 0.049), activities of daily living (ADL) (P = 0.012), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) (P = 0.021) and the physical components of QoL (P < 0.001) at T2 than at T1. The program also significantly improved the mental component of QoL (P < 0.001) and medication adherence (P < 0.001), as well as reducing the total number of health service attendances compared to the control group (P = 0.016).ConclusionThe program can help enhance the self-efficacy of community-dwelling older adults towards self-care, which may in turn enable them to maintain optimal well-being while remaining in the community.

EFFECTS OF GAIT AND ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING MODIFICATIONS FOR IMPROVING KNEE JOINT FUNCTION IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER PEOPLE: A RANDOMIZED CONTROL STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150007
Author(s):  
Susumu Ota ◽  
Remi Fujita ◽  
Hiroshi Ohko ◽  
Aiko Imai
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Older People ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Related Quality

Knee osteoarthritis is highly prevalent in middle-aged and older people, and biomechanical interventions include modifications of the gait and activities of daily living (ADL). This study investigated the effects of gait and ADL modifications compared with conventional exercise for improving knee function in community-dwelling middle-aged and older people. Fifty middle-aged and older people were randomly allocated to the control ([Formula: see text]) or intervention ([Formula: see text]) groups. The control group performed conventional straight leg raising and knee joint range of motion exercises, and the intervention group modified their gait by decreasing the knee adduction moment and increasing hip muscle activities, and performed range of motion exercises in a bathtub. In both groups, the program was implemented for 12 weeks. The Japan knee OA measure score, walking speed, and hip abduction strength significantly improved in both the control and intervention groups. The health-related quality of life (Short Form 8: SF-8) was significantly improved in the intervention group compared with the control group. Gait and ADL modifications achieved effects similar to those of conventional knee joint exercise, and might be more effective for improving physical function-related quality of life.

scholarly journals Time Taken to Resume Driving Following Hip Arthroscopy Surgery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suenghwan Jo ◽  
Sang Hong Lee ◽  
Se Woong Jang ◽  
Hyun Bai Choi ◽  
Ba Rom Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Arthroscopy ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Time Required ◽  
State 1 ◽  
Normal Controls

Abstract Background: Resuming driving is a common concern among patients undergoing hip arthroscopy. The goals of the current study were 1) to assess whether patients who have undergone right hip arthroscopy have poorer driving performance than patients with normal hips and 2) to analyse the time required to regain preoperative driving performance with respect to different types of operations.Methods: Forty-seven patients who had undergone right hip arthroscopy and who consented to our test protocol were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups based on the type of operation that they underwent, namely, the femoroacetabular impingement surgery (FAI) group and the simple hip arthroscopy (SA) group. Using an immersive driving simulator, the patients were tested for brake reaction time (BRT), total brake time (TBT), and brake pedal depression pressure (BPD). Following the surgery, the first assessments were conducted when the patient could comfortably sit on the driving seat, and follow-up assessments were conducted for 6 consecutive weeks at weekly intervals. For the control group, 20 healthy volunteers were put through driving assessments thrice at weekly intervals. Braking parameters were compared between preoperative and postoperative measurements and between studied and controlled subjects.Results: The preoperative braking parameters of the patients who underwent arthroscopy showed no significant difference compared with normal controls (p values 0. 373, 0.763, and 0.447 for BRT, TBT, and BPD, respectively). All braking parameters returned to normal in 2 weeks in the FAI group and in 1 week in the SA group.Conclusion: Our study indicates that the driving performance of the patients undergoing right hip arthroscopy have comparable driving performance as compare to the normal hips and that the braking reaction returns to the preoperative state 1 week after SA and 2 weeks after FAI surgery.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a health-social partnership program for discharged non-frail older adults: a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkers Kwan Ching WONG ◽  
Frances Kam Yuet WONG ◽  
Jenny Sau Chun NGAI ◽  
Shirley Yu Kan HUNG ◽  
Wah Chun LI
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
Frail Older Adults

Abstract Background Previous studies supporting discharged patients are hospital-based which admission criteria tend to include mainly those with complex needs and/or specific disease conditions. This study captured the service gap where these non-frail older patients might have no specific medical problem upon discharge but they might encounter residual health and social issues when returning home. Methods Discharged community-dwelling non-frail older adults from an emergency medical ward were recruited and randomized into either intervention (n = 37) or control (n = 38) group. The intervention group received a 12-week complex interventions that included structured assessment, health education, goal empowerment, and care coordination supported by a health-social team. The control group received usual discharge care and monthly social call. The primary outcome was health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Secondary outcomes included activities of daily living (ADL), the presence of depressive symptoms, and the use of health services. The outcomes were measured at pre-intervention (T1) and at three months post-intervention (T2). The independent t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the group differences in HRQoL, ADL, and presence of depressive symptoms according to the normality of data. Results Analysis showed that the intervention group experienced a statistically significantly improvement in the mental component scale of quality of life (p = .036), activities of daily living (p = .005), and presence of depressive symptoms (p = .035) at T2 compared with at T1. No significant differences were found in the control group. Conclusions Supporting self-care is necessary to enable community-dwelling non-frail older adults to be independent to the fullest extent possible in the community. The promising results found in this pilot study suggested that the integration of the health-social partnership into transitional care practice is effective and can be sustained in the community. Future studies can draw on these findings and maximize the integrated care quality during the transition phase. Trial registration NCT04434742 (date: 17 June 2020, retrospectively registered).

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