scholarly journals Concurrent Aerobic and Resistance Training Has Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Increases Both Plasma and Leukocyte Levels of IGF-1 in Late Middle-Aged Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giosuè Annibalini ◽  
Francesco Lucertini ◽  
Deborah Agostini ◽  
Luciana Vallorani ◽  
Annamaria Gioacchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Age Related

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an age-related chronic disease associated with metabolic dysregulation, chronic inflammation, and activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a concurrent exercise training program on inflammatory status and metabolic parameters of T2D patients. Sixteen male patients (age range 55–70) were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=8), which underwent a concurrent aerobic and resistance training program (3 times a week; 16 weeks), or to a control group, which followed physicians’ usual diabetes care advices. Training intervention significantly improved patients’ body composition, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and overall fitness level. After training, plasma levels of adipokines leptin (−33.9%) and RBP4 (−21.3%), and proinflammatory markers IL-6 (−25.3%), TNF-α (−19.8%) and MCP-1 (−15.3%) decreased, whereas anabolic hormone IGF-1 level increased (+16.4%). All improvements were significantly greater than those of control patients. Plasma proteomic profile of exercised patients showed a reduction of immunoglobulin K light chain and fibrinogen as well. Training also induced a modulation of IL-6, IGF-1, and IGFBP-3 mRNAs in the PBMCs. These findings confirm that concurrent aerobic and resistance training improves T2D-related metabolic abnormalities and has the potential to reduce the deleterious health effects of diabetes-related inflammation.

scholarly journals Resistance Training in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Improves Uric Acid Levels

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moisés S.S. R. Sousa ◽  
Francisco J.F. Saavedra ◽  
Gabriel R. Neto ◽  
Giovanni S. Novaes ◽  
Antonio C. R. Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Leg Extension ◽  
Intergroup Comparison

Abstract Resistance training (RT) can provide several benefits for individuals with Type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of resistance training on the strength levels and uric acid (UA) concentration in individuals with Type 2 diabetes. The study included 68 patients (57.7±9.0 years) that participated in an organized program of RT for 12 weeks. The volunteers were divided into two groups: an experimental group (EG; n=34) that performed the resistance training program consisting of seven exercises executed in an alternating order based on segments; and a control group (CG; n=34) that maintained their normal daily life activities. Muscle strength and uric acid were measured both pre- and post-experiment. The results showed a significant increase in strength of the subjects in the EG for all exercises included in the study (p<0.001). Comparing the strength levels of the post-test, intergroup differences were found in supine sitting (p<0.001), leg extension (p<0.001), shoulder press (p<0.001), leg curl (p=0.001), seated row (p<0.001), leg press (p=0.001) and high pulley (p<0.001). The measured uric acid was significantly increased in both experimental and control groups (p<0.001 and p=0.001, respectively). The intergroup comparison showed a significant increase for the EG (p=0.024). We conclude that the training program was effective for strength gains despite an increase in uric acid in Type 2 diabetics.

scholarly journals The effects of Anethum graveolens (dill) powder supplementation on clinical and metabolic status in patients with type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Haidari ◽  
Mehrnoosh Zakerkish ◽  
Fatemeh Borazjani ◽  
Kambiz Ahmadi Angali ◽  
Golnaz Amoochi
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of anethum graveolens (dill) powder supplementation on glycemic control, lipid profile, some antioxidants and inflammatory markers, and gastrointestinal symptoms in type 2 diabetic patients. Material and methods: In this study, 42 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly allocated to intervention and control groups and received either 3g/day dill powder or placebo (3 capsules/day, 1 g each). Fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA- IR), lipid profile, hs-C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and gastrointestinal symptoms were measured in all of the subjects at baseline and post-intervention. Results: The dill powder supplementation significantly decreased the mean serum levels of insulin, HOMA-IR, LDL-C, TC, and MDA in the intervention group in comparison with the baseline measurements (p < 0.05). Also, the mean serum levels of HDL and TAC were significantly increased in the intervention group in comparison with the baseline measurement (p < 0.05). Colonic motility disorder was the only gastrointestinal symptom whose frequency was significantly reduced by supplementation (P = 0.01). The mean changes of insulin, LDL-C , TC, and MDA were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, the mean changes in HDL were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Dill powder supplementation can be effective in controlling the glycemic, lipid, stress oxidative, and gastrointestinal symptoms in type 2 diabetic patients. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes; Dill powder; Glycemic control; Lipid profile; Stress oxidative status

scholarly journals Home-Based Resistance Training for Older Subjects during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy: Preliminary Results of a Six-Months RCT

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9533
Author(s):  
Jacopo Antonino Vitale ◽  
Matteo Bonato ◽  
Stefano Borghi ◽  
Carmelo Messina ◽  
Domenico Albano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Training Program ◽  
T Test ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Older Subjects

Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a six-month home-based resistance-training program on muscle health and physical performance in healthy older subjects during the unique condition of home confinement caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. This was a randomized-controlled study that enrolled older participants that were allocated to either an experimental group performing the six-months exercise prescription (EXE) or a control group (CON). At the beginning (PRE), and after 6 months (POST), participants were assessed for muscle strength, balance, gait assessment and body composition by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging. Normality distribution of data was checked with the D’Agostino and Pearson test and changes between PRE and POST were assessed by paired Student’s t-test while percentage and absolute changes between groups at POST were tested by unpaired t-test. Results. Nine participants were included for the final analysis: EXE, n = 5 (age: 66 ± 4; BMI: 27.5 ± 3.7) and CON, n = 4 (age: 71 ± 9; BMI: 24.2 ± 4.1). Significant PRE-to-POST changes were observed in the EXE group only in the chair-stand test (+19.8%, p = 0.048 and ES:1.0, moderate) and in total fat mass (+5.0%, p = 0.035 and ES:1.4, large) with no between-group differences. Moreover, EXE had significantly higher absolute thigh CSA values than CON at POST (14.138 ± 2977 vs. 9039 ± 1015, p = 0.0178, ES = 1.7). No other within- and between-group differences were detected. Conclusions. The home-based resistance-training program during the lockdown period, caused by the COVID-19 outbreak, determined only within-group improvement in lower limb muscle strength but not in muscle mass and composition in older subjects. Home confinement may partially explain the increase in total body fat due to a reduced daily PA regime and altered diet pattern.

scholarly journals Effects of 7-Week Hip Thrust Versus Back Squat Resistance Training on Performance in Adolescent Female Soccer Players

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime González-García ◽  
Esther Morencos ◽  
Carlos Balsalobre-Fernández ◽  
Ángel Cuéllar-Rayo ◽  
Blanca Romero-Moraleda
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
T Test ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adolescent Female ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Back Squat ◽  
Hip Extension

Hip thrust (HT) is a loaded bridging exercise that requires more hip extension than a back squat (SQ) does, while in a back squat, triple flex extension occurs. Due to the specificity of each exercise, it is claimed that HT gains can be better transferred to actions where hip extension occurs. In addition, strength improvements during squatting can be transferred in a greater way to vertical plane movement, such as vertical jumping. However, its effects on the performance of female soccer players are unclear. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to analyze a 7-week training program on performance variables using either HT or SQ exercises in female adolescent soccer players without lifting experience (N = 24, age = 16.82 ± 1.56 years, height = 1.64 ± 0.55 cm, body mass = 58.35 ± 6.28 kg). Players were randomized into three groups: A back squat group (SQG; N = 8), hip thrust group (HTG; N = 8), and control group (CG; N = 8). Participants in the HTG and SQG joined a progressive resistance training program twice per week for 7 weeks with either HT or SQ exercises. A countermovement jump, 10–20 m sprint, T-test, and barbell velocity during HTs and SQs (with the load that represents ~60 and ~80% RM) were measured before and after the intervention. The HTG showed greater improvements in the 10-m sprint (d = 0.7), 20-m sprint (d = 0.46), T-test (d = 0.36), and barbell velocity at 80% repetition maximal (RM) (d = 0.53) and 60% RM (d = 1.02) during hip thrusts, while the SQG showed higher barbell velocity at 80% RM (d = −0.7) during back squats. These results may be useful for strength and conditioning coaches working with adolescent female soccer athletes, since both strengthening exercises improved performance in different ways due to the nature of the exercise.

EFFECTS OF ISOLATED AND COMBINED EFFECTS OF AEROBIC DANCING AND RESISTANCE TRAINING ON RESTING PULSE RATE OF TYPE-2 DIABETIC PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-60
Author(s):  
Maniazhagu Dharuman
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Random Group ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

The purpose of study was to nd out the effects of isolated and combined effects of aerobic dancing and resistance training on resting pulse rate of type-2 diabetic patients. To achieve the purpose of the study, 60 type 2 diabetic patients with the age of 40-45 years from Karaikudi town, Sivaganga District, Tamilnadu were selected as subject at random. The study was formulated as pre and post test random group design, in which sixty subject were divided into four equal groups. The experimental group-1 (n=15, AD) underwent aerobic dancing, experimental group-2 (n=15, RT) underwent resistance training, experimental group – 3 (n=15, COM-T) underwent combined practice of aerobic dancing and resistance training and group-4 (n=15, CG) served as a control group. In this study, three training programme were adopted as independent variable, i.e., aerobic dancing, resistance training and combined training. The resting pulse rate was chosen as dependent variable. It was tested by number of beats per minute, scores recorded in number. The collected pre and post data was critically analyzed with apt statistical tool of analysis of co-variance. The Scheffe's post hoc test was used to nd out pair-wise comparisons between groups. The results of the present study proved that the three training interventions have signicantly altered the resting pulse rate.

A Six-Week Resistance Training Program Does Not Change Shear Modulus of the Triceps Brachii

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryota Akagi ◽  
Tomofumi Shikiba ◽  
Jun Tanaka ◽  
Hideyuki Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Lateral Epicondyle ◽  
Long Head

We investigated the effect of a 6-week resistance training program on the shear modulus of the triceps brachii (TB). Twentythree young men were randomly assigned to either the training (n = 13) or control group (n = 10). Before and after conducting the resistance training program, the shear modulus of the long head of the TB was measured at the point 70% along the length of the upper arm from the acromial process of the scapula to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus using shear wave ultrasound elastography. Muscle thickness of the long head of the TB was also determined at the same site by ultrasonography used during both tests. A resistance exercise was performed 3 days a week for 6 weeks using a dumbbell mass-adjusted to 80% of the 1-repetition maximum (1RM). The training effect on the muscle thickness and 1RM was significant. Nevertheless, the muscle shear modulus was not significantly changed after the training program. From the perspective of muscle mechanical properties, the present results indicate that significant adaptation must occur to make the TB more resistant to subsequent damaging bouts during the 6-week training program to target the TB.

Effect of an 8-week resistance training program on cutaneous perfusion in type 2 diabetes

2006 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheri R. Colberg ◽  
Henri K. Parson ◽  
Tanja Nunnold ◽  
Matthew T. Herriott ◽  
Aaron I. Vinik
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Cutaneous Perfusion

The Effect of Long-Term Resistance Training on Anthropometric Measures, Muscle Strength, and Self Concept in Pre-Pubertal Boys

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliahu Sadres ◽  
Alon Eliakim ◽  
Naama Constantini ◽  
Ronnie Lidor ◽  
Bareket Falk
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Prepubertal Boys

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 2 school years (21 months) of a twice-weekly resistance training program on stature, muscle strength, and self-concept among prepubertal boys. The experimental group (E, n = 27) aged 9.2 ± 0.3 yrs, participated in progressive resistance training, while the control group (C, n = 22) aged 9.4 ± 0.3 yrs, participated in standard physical education classes (as advised by the Ministry of Education). Training sessions included 1–4 sets of 3–6 exercises, with 5–30 repetitions/set. The load ranged between 30% and 70% 1RM. No differences were observed in the gain in body height between groups. Muscle strength increased significantly more in E (e.g., knee extensors: 0.51 ± 0.13 to 0.77 ± 0.16 kg/kg body mass), compared with C (0.34 ± 0.12 to 0.54 ± 0.11 kg/kg body mass). One minor injury was reported throughout the study. Initial scores of self-concept were high in both groups, with no training effect. The results demonstrate that among prepubertal boys, a twice-weekly low-to-moderate-intensity resistance training program over a period of 2 school years (21 months) can result in enhancement in muscle strength with no detrimental effect on growth.

Effects of a 6-Week Resistance-Training Program on Functional Fitness of Older Adults

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinicius Cavani ◽  
Constance M. Mier ◽  
Anthony A. Musto ◽  
Nanette Tummers
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Before And After

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 6 weeks of stretching and moderate-intensity resistance training on older adults’ functional fitness. Twenty-two older adults (69 ± 1 year) participated in a resistance-training program, and 15 (70 ± 4 years) participated in a control group. Training involved 3 sessions per week, each consisting of 1 set of 12–15 repetitions of lower and upper body exercises on resistance machines. Before sessions, participants performed 20 min of stretching exercises. A recently developed test battery (Rikli & Jones, 1999) to assess the physical parameters associated with independent functioning in older adults was performed before and after training. The combined stretching and resistance exercise resulted in significant (p≤ .008) improvements on all the functional tests except the 6-min walk. The results indicate that moderate-intensity resistance training in conjunction with stretching can improve functional fitness in older adults, enabling them to more easily perform activities of daily living.

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