scholarly journals A Study on the Improvement of Walking Characteristics of the Elderly with Vibration Stimuli Applied to the Tibialis Anterior Tendon

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoung Kwak ◽  
Huigyun Kim ◽  
Dongwook Kim
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Joint Angle ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Vibratory Stimulation ◽  
3D Motion Analysis ◽  
Elderly Males

The purpose of this study was to identify the gait pattern of the elderly with aging and to analyze the elderly’s gait changes by the focal tendon vibratory stimulation. A total of 10 elderly males and 15 young adult males participated in this study. Using 3D motion analysis, we analyzed that difference between the elderly gait and young adults gait and the changes of the elderly gait by applying focal vibratory stimuli. As a result, specifically in the early stance, the elderly’s gait was more flexed and the lower extremity extensors of the elderly worked harder. When the focal vibratory stimuli were applied, joint angle of the elderly was induced to that of the young adults. There was a reduction in demands for supporting bodies and progressing gait in the stance phase. This means that focal vibratory stimuli affect the gait of the elderly. Also, the changes of the gait of the elderly varied according to the characteristics of the focal vibratory stimuli. This implies that the activity of the motor may be dependent on vibratory stimuli characteristics.

scholarly journals Risk factors and mechanisms of stroke in young adults: The FUTURE study

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1631-1641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayte E van Alebeek ◽  
Renate M Arntz ◽  
Merel S Ekker ◽  
Nathalie E Synhaeve ◽  
Noortje AMM Maaijwee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Future Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Young Stroke ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Future

Incidence of ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack in young adults is rising. However, etiology remains unknown in 30–40% of these patients when current classification systems designed for the elderly are used. Our aim was to identify risk factors according to a pediatric approach, which might lead to both better identification of risk factors and provide a stepping stone for the understanding of disease mechanism, particularly in patients currently classified as “unknown etiology”. Risk factors of 656 young stroke patients (aged 18–50) of the FUTURE study were categorized according to the “International Pediatric Stroke Study” (IPSS), with stratification on gender, age and stroke of “unknown etiology”. Categorization of risk factors into ≥1 IPSS category was possible in 94% of young stroke patients. Chronic systemic conditions were more present in patients aged <35 compared to patients ≥35 (32.6% vs. 15.6%, p < 0.05). Among 226 patients classified as “stroke of unknown etiology” using TOAST, we found risk factors in 199 patients (88%) with the IPSS approach. We identified multiple risk factors linked to other mechanisms of stroke in the young than in the elderly . This can be a valuable starting point to develop an etiologic classification system specifically designed for young stroke patients.

Mechanisms of passing through short exits for the elderly and young adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 195-213
Author(s):  
Xiangxia Ren ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Weiguo Song ◽  
Shuchao Cao
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
The Elderly

scholarly journals Effect of Ambient Temperature on Daily Nebulized Asthma Hospital Visits in a Tropical City of Dhaka, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 890
Author(s):  
Ayesha Ferdosi Kabir ◽  
Chris Fook Sheng Ng ◽  
Shinya Yasumoto ◽  
Taiichi Hayashi ◽  
Chiho Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Positive Association ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Asthma Morbidity ◽  
Delayed Effects ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Hospital Visits

The acute effect of temperature on asthma morbidity in Bangladesh is not well understood. As climate varies extensively in different parts of the world, the relation between temperature and asthma might also differ. We investigated the association between temperature and asthma-related hospital visits in the tropical city of Dhaka. We analyzed information from a total of 5989 asthma patients who received ambulatory care in the form of nebulized medication at the National Asthma Center in Mohakhali, Dhaka from February to November 2013. A time-stratified case-crossover study was conducted to estimate the effect of daily temperature, with consideration of delayed effects and possible confounders such as relative humidity and political strikes. An inverse association was observed between temperature and the number of hospital visits. The effect was delayed for approximately a week. A degree centigrade decrease in mean temperature (averaged across lags 0-6) was associated with an increase of approximately 4.5% (95% CI 1.5, 7.5) in all asthma visits. The association was evident in adult males but marginal in elderly males. A positive association (lag 0) was observed among adult females, whereas no association was observed among children. Strikes significantly modified the effect among the elderly. Findings suggest temperature declines affect asthma outcomes in a warm climate, and this effect can be delayed and vary by sex and age group.

Psychosocial Consequences among Elderly Living In Institutional and Non-Institutional Settings

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagesh Jamwal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Research Work ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Elderly Males ◽  
Psychosocial Consequences ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Elderly Living

Background – Elderly people face many psychological, physical and socio economic morbidities due to ageing. Institutional settings have been opened for those elderly people who are neither able to take care of themselves nor is there any person to look after them. Objectives- The present research work was conducted to study the quality of life, loneliness and psychological distress of the elderly males and females living in institutions and non-institutional settings in urban Jammu district. Methods –The study was conducted using purposive sampling on 40 elderly living in institutional settings and 40 elderly living in non- institutional settings in the age range of 60-80 years. Tools used – GHQ  by Gautam, Nuhawan and Kamal ,UCLA loneliness scale(Russell, 1996)  and WHO (QOL-BREF, 1998),  was used. Results – The results revealed significant differences on loneliness and quality of life between those living in institutional settings and those living with their families.

Fat and carbohydrate metabolism during exercise in elderly and young subjects

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (6) ◽  
pp. E983-E989 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sial ◽  
A. R. Coggan ◽  
R. Carroll ◽  
J. Goodwin ◽  
S. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Relative Intensity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Absolute Intensity ◽  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Carbohydrate Oxidation ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise

We evaluated the effect of aging on fat and carbohydrate metabolism during moderate intensity exercise. Glycerol, free fatty acid (FFA), and glucose rate of appearance (Ra) in plasma and substrate oxidation were determined during 60 min of cycle ergometer exercise in six elderly (73 +/- 2 yr) and six young adults (26 +/- 2 yr) matched by gender and lean body mass. The elderly group was studied during exercise performed at 56 +/- 3% of maximum oxygen uptake, whereas the young adults were studied during exercise performed at the same absolute and at a similar relative intensity as the elderly subjects. Mean fat oxidation during exercise was 25-35% lower in the elderly subjects than in the young adults exercising at either the same absolute or similar relative intensities (P < 0.05). Mean carbohydrate oxidation in the elderly group was 35% higher than the young adults exercising at the same absolute intensity (P < 0.001) but 40% lower than the young adults exercising at the same relative intensity (P < 0.001). Average FFA Ra in the elderly subjects was 85% higher than in the young adults exercising at the same absolute intensity (P < 0.05) but 35% lower than the young adults exercising at a similar relative intensity (P < 0.05). We conclude that fat oxidation is decreased while carbohydrate oxidation is increased during moderate intensity exercise in elderly men and women. The shift in substrate oxidation was caused by age-related changes in skeletal muscle respiratory capacity because lipolytic rates and FFA availability were not rate limiting in the older subjects.

scholarly journals Visual guidance of locomotion in infants, young adults, and the elderly

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1163-1163
Author(s):  
J. M. Franchak ◽  
M. T. Smith ◽  
K. E. Adolph
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Visual Guidance

scholarly journals Open quotient (EGG) measurements of young and elderly voices: results of a production and perception study

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 213-225
Author(s):  
Ralf Winkler ◽  
Walter Sendlmeier
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Elderly Males ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vocal Effort ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Perceived Age ◽  
Age Independent

This paper presents the results of Open Quotient measurements in EGG signals of young (18 to 30 year old) and elderly (59 to 82 year old) male and female speakers. The paper further presents quantitative results on the relation between the OQ and the perception of a speaker's age. Higgins & Saxman (1991) found a decreased OQEGG with increasing age for females, whereas the OQEGG in sustained vowel material increased for males as the speakers age increased. In Linville (2002), however, the spectral amplitudes in the region of F0 (obtained by LTAS-measurements of read speech material) increased with increasing age independent of gender; this could be interpreted indirectly as an increasing OQ. We measured the OQEGG not only for sustained vowels, but also in vowels taken from isolated words. In order to analyse the relation between breathiness in terms of an increased OQ and the mean perceived age per stimulus a perception test was carried out in which listeners were asked to estimate speaker's age based on sustained /a/-vowel stimuli varying in vocal effort (soft - normal - loud) during production. The results indicated the following: (i) The decreased OQ for elderly females originally found by Higgins & Saxman is not apparent in our data for sustained /a/-vowels. For our female speakers no significant difference between the OQ of young and old speakers was found; for elderly males, however, we also found an increasing OQ with increasing age.(ii) In addition, a statistically significant increased OQEGG occurs for the group of the elderly males for the vowels from the word material. (iii) Our results show a strong positive relation between perceived age and OQ in male voices. Regarding (i) and (ii), at least the male speaker's voice becomes more breathy as age increases. Considering (iii), increased breathiness may contribute to the listener’s perception of increased age.  

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