scholarly journals A Note on Fatty Acids Profile of Meat from Broiler Chickens Supplemented with Inorganic or Organic Selenium

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta del Puerto ◽  
M. Cristina Cabrera ◽  
Ali Saadoun
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fatty Acids Composition ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Health Promoting

This investigation evaluated, in broiler chickensPectoralisandGastrocnemiusmuscles, the effect of the dietary supplementation with sodium selenite (0.3 ppm) versus selenomethionine (0.3 ppm), on the fatty acids composition, lipids indices, and enzymes indexes for desaturase, elongase, and thioesterase. The selenium reduced, in both muscles, the content of atherogenic fatty acids, C14:0 and C16:0, while it increased the C18:1 level. On the other hand, selenium increased, in both muscles, the content of C18:3n3 and EPA, but not DPA and DHA. No selenium effect was detected for PUFA/SFA, n-6, n-3, n-6/n-3, and atherogenic and thrombogenic indices. As for the enzyme indexes, a selenium effect is only detected for thioesterase. Taken together, the results highlight the potential effect of dietary selenium, mainly selenomethionine, in the modulation of the composition of fatty acids in chicken meat, in particular, reducing the content of atherogenic fatty acids and increasing the health promoting n-3 PUFA.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Different Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Expression of Genes Related to Somatotropic Axis Function in the Liver, Selected Blood Indicators, Milk Yield and Milk Fatty Acids Profile in Dairy Cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1045-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essa Dirandeh ◽  
Armin Towhidi ◽  
Zarbakht Ansari ◽  
Saeeid Zeinoaldini ◽  
Mehdi Ganjkhanlou
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Milk Fatty Acids ◽  
Somatotropic Axis ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
And Control

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate whether dietary supplementation with different polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA s) affects expression of genes related to somatotropic axis and the plasma concentrations of insulin, glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta hydroxyl butyrate acids (BHBA) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and milk fatty acids profile. Right after calving, Holstein cows (n=45) were randomly assigned to one of three diets supplemented with roasted whole soybean as a source of omega-6 PUFA (omega-6, n=15), linseed as a source of omega-3 PUFA (omega-3, n=15) or palm oil (control, n=15). Each cow was in the study over a period of 70 days. Blood samples were collected every two weeks from day 1 to 70 of lactation and plasma concentrations of insulin, glucose, NEFA, BHBA and IGF1 were determined. Liver samples were taken from a subset of 18 cows (6 per diet) at day 70 postpartum and hepatic mRNA level of total growth hormone-receptor 1A (GHR1A), insulin receptor (INSR), IGF1 and insulinlike growth factor binding protein (IGFBP2) was assessed. Experimental diets did not affect milk yield. Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were greater for omega-3 treatment compared to omega-6 and control treatments. Cows fed diets enriched in omega-3 exhibited greater INSR and GHR1A mRNA expression, and a tendency for greater IGF1 mRNA expression in the liver compared to omega-6 and control cows. Plasma IGF1 concentration was significantly higher in omega-3 treatment compared with omega-6 and control treatments. Results of this study suggest that feeding omega-3 PUFA s during early postpartum couples with the somatotropic axis, leading to an increase in plasma IGF1 concentration in dairy cows.

Dietary Supplementation of Tetracarpidium conophorum (African Walnut) Seed Enhances Muscle n‐3 Fatty Acids in Broiler Chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 1900418
Author(s):  
Kazeem D. Adeyemi ◽  
Abdulraheem Abdulrahman ◽  
Sulyman O. Ibrahim ◽  
Marili F. Zubair ◽  
Olubunmi Atolani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Dietary Supplementation

scholarly journals Fatty acids composition of selected mammals’ milk

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Pietrzak-Fiecko ◽  
Anna Malwina Kamelska-Sadowska
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Fatty Acids Composition ◽  
Small Individual ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Human Milk Fat

AbstractOne of main nutritional components in milk are fat. Fats are the main source of energy used by the body. The most important components are fatty acids (FA), which have important biological functions e.g. anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic, reducing blood pressure. What is more, milk fat in human diet shows health-promoting properties (1, 2). The aim of this study was to compare the fatty acids composition in selected mammals’ milk. A total of 84 milk samples of cow (Holstein-Frisian breed, n = 20), mare (Polish cold-blooded horse, n = 20); sheep (Kamieniecka breed, n = 12), goat (White goat breed, n = 12) were collected from small individual farms located in the north-eastern region of Poland. The samples of human milk (n = 20) were collected from women aged: 21–37, in the 2nd-4th month of lactation.The fatty acid composition was determined after the acids were transformed into methyl esters according to the IDF Standard method and gas chromatography using a Hewlett-Packard 6890 gas chromatograph with flame ionization detector. The average share of saturated FA (ΣSFA) in sheep, goat and cow milk fat were 77.5%, 75.5% and 67.7%, respectively, while in human and mare milk fat this value was about 47.0% ΣSFA. Human milk fat was characterized with the highest share of monounsaturated FA (ΣMUFA) 43.6%, while in the fat of other mammals this value was from 19.0 to 31.0%. The highest share of polyunsaturated FA (ΣPUFA; 22.0%) was found in mare milk. In human milk fat the value of ΣPUFA were higher (10%), than in milk of other mammals (3–5%). The lowest value of ΣSFA was observed in human and mare milk which could influence its health-promoting properties. The high share of other essential unsaturated FA indicates high dietary value of human milk. The share of fatty acids in mare milk similar to that in human milk makes it the most suitable in human nutrition.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Coarse or Extruded Oat Hulls on Growth Performance, Blood Biochemical Parameters, Ceca Microbiota and Short Chain Fatty Acids in Broiler Chickens

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1429
Author(s):  
Deborah Adewole
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Oat Hulls ◽  
Blood Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Cecal Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with coarse or extruded oat hulls on growth performance, blood biochemistry, cecal microbiota, and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) in broiler chickens. Chickens were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments consisting of a corn-wheat-soybean meal-based diet (Basal), Basal + Bacitracin methylenedisalicylate (BMD), Basal +3% coarse OH (COH), and basal +3% extruded OH (EOH). Feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded weekly. On day 36, eight chickens/treatment were euthanized, blood samples were collected, and organ weights were determined. Cecal digesta samples were collected for the determination of SCFA concentration and microbial DNA sequence. Data were subjected to ANOVA using the mixed procedure of SAS. Alpha diversity was estimated with the Shannon index, and the significance of diversity differences was tested with ANOVA. Birds fed COH and EOH had reduced (p < 0.05) BWG, but there was no effect of treatment on FCR. There was a significant increase (p = 0.0050) in relative gizzard empty weight among birds that were fed COH, compared to the other treatments. Dietary treatments had no effect on blood biochemical parameters and SCFA concentration. Cecal microbial composition of chickens was mostly comprised of Firmicutes and Tenericutes. Seven OTUs that were differentially abundant among treatments were identified. In conclusion, supplementation of broiler chickens’ diets with 3% COH or EOH did not affect the FCR, blood biochemical parameters and SCFA concentration, but modified few cecal microbiota at the species level. Dietary supplementation with COH but not EOH significantly increased the relative gizzard weight.

CO2 syndrome in Chlorella

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1003-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikio Tsuzuki ◽  
Shigetoh Miyachi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fatty Acids Composition ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Inorganic Carbon Transport ◽  
Carbon Transport

Effects of CO2 concentration on microalgae, especially on Chlorella, are discussed from the aspect of the high affinity of microalgae for inorganic carbon (Ci) in photosynthesis. Accumulation of Ci and carbonic anhydrase are the two main factors underlying the high affinity for Ci. The other factors such as development of carboxysomes and pyrenoids under low CO2 conditions may also be important. Contribution of each factor to the high affinity for Ci in photosynthesis seems to differ from species to species. Key words: Chlorella, inorganic carbon transport, carbonic anhydrase, fatty acids composition, CO2.

Influence of lactation stage on lipids and fatty acids profile of artisanal Algerian Camembert-type cheese manufactured with cow’s milk

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Asma Bouterfa ◽  
Ahmed Bekada ◽  
Abdelkader Homrani ◽  
Abdeltif Amrane ◽  
Akram Zribi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids Composition ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Important Fatty Acid ◽  
Three Stages

Stage of lactation (SOL) is a major factor affecting several characteristics of milk such as fatty acids content and composition, protein and main minerals content. These variations may have important quantitative and qualitative consequences on the characteristics of cheese. The aim objective of this study was to analyse the effect of lactation stage on the fat and fatty acids composition of the artisanal camembert type-cheese made from cow’s milk collected in Mostaganem region (Algeria) and provided from three stages of lactation (early, mid and late). In this study and for each stage of lactation, the fat and fatty acid composition of camembert type-cheese were analysedand evaluated. Results showed that the total lipids were related to the stageof lactation (p<0.05), ranging from 14.6% for the 3rd SOL to 23% for the 1stSOL. The fatty acids composition of Camembert-type cheese showed a highpolyunsaturated fatty acids percentage dominated by ω6 and ω3 fatty acidsrepresented by linoleic and α-linolenic acids. Indeed, they recorded maximum values of 2.53% and 0.6% respectively, for the Camembert made withthe milk of the 1st SOL (p<0.05). Concerning monounsaturated fatty acidsclass, oleic acid is found to be the most important fatty acid with a maximumpercentage (26.1%) in Camembert of the 1st SOL (p<0.05). Finally, this studyconcluded that the stage of lactation plays a determining role on the biochemical composition of the camembert type-cheese, particularly on lipidsand essential fatty acids.

EFFECTS OF DIETARY ASPIRIN (ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID) ON THE INCIDENCE OF SUDDEN DEATH SYNDROME AND THE GENERAL PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. PROUDFOOT ◽  
H. W. HULAN
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Sudden Death Syndrome ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Overall Mortality

A total of 2400 broiler chickens were used in four experiments to estimate the effects of using 0.04, 0.08 and 0.16% aspirin (ASA) as dietary supplements. Not only did the ASA dietary supplementation have no significant (P < 0.05) beneficial effect on the incidence of sudden death syndrome but it also had a deleterious effect on overall mortality which was significant (P < 0.01) in two of the four experiments. Furthermore, the addition of ASA at 0.16% to the diet resulted in reduced body weights which were significant at P < 0.05 in two experiments and at P < 0.10 in the other two experiments. Key words: Aspirin, sudden death syndrome, broiler chickens, growth rate

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