scholarly journals Wound Healing and Omega-6 Fatty Acids: From Inflammation to Repair

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica R. Silva ◽  
Beatriz Burger ◽  
Carolina M. C. Kühl ◽  
Thamiris Candreva ◽  
Mariah B. P. dos Anjos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Phagocytic Capacity ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Species Survival ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Cell Migration And Proliferation

Wound healing is an evolutionarily conserved process that is essential for species survival. Wound healing involves a series of biochemical and cellular events that are tightly controlled, divided into 3 concomitant and overlapping phases: inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. Poor wound healing or a chronic wound represents a silent epidemic that affects billions of people worldwide. Considering the involvement of immune cells in its resolution, recent studies are focused on investigating the roles of immune nutrients such as amino acids, minerals, and fatty acids on wound healing. Among the fatty acids, much attention has been given to omega-6 (ω-6) fatty acids since they can modulate cell migration and proliferation, phagocytic capacity, and production of inflammatory mediators. The present review summarizes current knowledge about the role of ω-6 fatty acids in the wound healing context.

Nutrition: A Critical Component of Wound Healing

1990 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy A. Stotts ◽  
Donna F. Washington
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Critical Component ◽  
Assessment Technique

Nutrients are essential to wound healing and patients in critical care are often at risk for lack of sufficient nutrients that may result in impaired healing. Understanding the role of the various nutrients in healing provides the basis for assessment and therapy. Use of a practical and consistent nutritional assessment technique is an important part of care for critically ill patients with wounds. The health care team must provide care based on current knowledge of the effects of nutrition on wound healing and work collaboratively in doing nutritional assessment and providing nutritional support to optimize wound healing outcomes

scholarly journals Role of Arginine and Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Wound Healing and Infection

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 682-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wesley Alexander ◽  
Dorothy M. Supp
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3

scholarly journals Tribbles in normal and malignant haematopoiesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1112-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Stein ◽  
Ethan A. Mack ◽  
Kelly S. Rome ◽  
Warren S. Pear
Keyword(s):  
E3 Ligase ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Protein Family ◽  
Conserved Motifs ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Haematopoietic Cells ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Multiple Cell

The tribbles protein family, an evolutionarily conserved group of pseudokinases, have been shown to regulate multiple cellular events including those involved in normal and malignant haematopoiesis. The three mammalian Tribbles homologues, Trib1, Trib2 and Trib3 are characterized by conserved motifs, including a pseudokinase domain and a C-terminal E3 ligase-binding domain. In this review, we focus on the role of Trib (mammalian Tribbles homologues) proteins in mammalian haematopoiesis and leukaemia. The Trib proteins show divergent expression in haematopoietic cells, probably indicating cell-specific functions. The roles of the Trib proteins in oncogenesis are also varied and appear to be tissue-specific. Finally, we discuss the potential mechanisms by which the Trib proteins preferentially regulate these processes in multiple cell types.

scholarly journals Role of omega‐6 and omega‐3 fatty acids in fetal programming

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 907-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirajan Shrestha ◽  
Simone L. Sleep ◽  
James S.M. Cuffe ◽  
Olivia J. Holland ◽  
Anthony V. Perkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fetal Programming ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 6

Emerging Role of Mitophagy in Inflammatory Diseases: Cellular and Molecular Episodes

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Adil A.A. ◽  
Shabnam Ameenudeen ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
S. Hemalatha ◽  
Neesar Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Mitochondrial Quality Control ◽  
Mitochondrial Injury ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved

Mitochondria are the crucial regulators for the major source of ATP for different cellular events. Due to damage episodes, mitochondria have been established for a plethora ofalarming signals of stress that lead to cellular deterioration, thereby causing programmed cell death. Defects in mitochondria play a key role in arbitrating pathophysiological machinery with recent evince delineating a constructive role in mitophagy mediated mitochondrial injury. Mitophagy has been known for the eradication of damaged mitochondria via the autophagy process. Mitophagy has been investigated as an evolutionarily conserved mechanism for mitochondrial quality control and homeostasis. Impaired mitophagy has been critically linked with the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism is not quite revealed, and it is still debatable. The purpose of this review was to investigate the possible role of mitophagy and its associated mechanism in inflammation-mediated diseases at both the cellular and molecular levels.

scholarly journals Selective Autophagy inDrosophila

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis P. Nezis
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Response ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Major Pathway ◽  
Selective Autophagy ◽  
Cytoplasmic Material ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
High Conservation

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process of cellular self-eating and is a major pathway for degradation of cytoplasmic material by the lysosomal machinery. Autophagy functions as a cellular response in nutrient starvation, but it is also associated with the removal of protein aggregates and damaged organelles and therefore plays an important role in the quality control of proteins and organelles. Although it was initially believed that autophagy occurs randomly in the cell, during the last years, there is growing evidence that sequestration and degradation of cytoplasmic material by autophagy can be selective. Given the important role of autophagy and selective autophagy in several disease-related processes such as neurodegeneration, infections, and tumorigenesis, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms of selective autophagy, especially at the organismal level.Drosophilais an excellent genetically modifiable model organism exhibiting high conservation in the autophagic machinery. However, the regulation and mechanisms of selective autophagy inDrosophilahave been largely unexplored. In this paper, I will present an overview of the current knowledge about selective autophagy inDrosophila.

scholarly journals Autophagy in Alcohol-Induced Multiorgan Injury: Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Targets

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Shaogui Wang ◽  
Hong-Min Ni ◽  
Heqing Huang ◽  
Wen-Xing Ding
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Degradation Pathway ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Intracellular Degradation ◽  
Injury Mechanisms ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved

Autophagy is a genetically programmed, evolutionarily conserved intracellular degradation pathway involved in the trafficking of long-lived proteins and cellular organelles to the lysosome for degradation to maintain cellular homeostasis. Alcohol consumption leads to injury in various tissues and organs including liver, pancreas, heart, brain, and muscle. Emerging evidence suggests that autophagy is involved in alcohol-induced tissue injury. Autophagy serves as a cellular protective mechanism against alcohol-induced tissue injury in most tissues but could be detrimental in heart and muscle. This review summarizes current knowledge about the role of autophagy in alcohol-induced injury in different tissues/organs and its potential molecular mechanisms as well as possible therapeutic targets based on modulation of autophagy.

scholarly journals Essential Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Blood from Patients with and without Catheter-Proven Coronary Artery Disease

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 766
Author(s):  
Chaoxuan Wang ◽  
Jörg Enssle ◽  
Anne Pietzner ◽  
Christoph Schmöcker ◽  
Linda Weiland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Gamma Linolenic Acid ◽  
Fa Composition ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Delta 5 Desaturase

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Statins reduce morbidity and mortality of CAD. Intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFAs), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), is associated with reduced morbidity and mortality in patients with CAD. Previous data indicate that a higher conversion of precursor fatty acids (FAs) to arachidonic acid (AA) is associated with increased CAD prevalence. Our study explored the FA composition in blood to assess n-3 PUFA levels from patients with and without CAD. We analyzed blood samples from 273 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. Patients were stratified according to clinically relevant CAD (n = 192) and those without (n = 81). FA analysis in full blood was performed by gas chromatography. Indicating increased formation of AA from precursors, the ratio of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) to AA, the delta-5 desaturase index (D5D index) was higher in CAD patients. CAD patients had significantly lower levels of omega-6 polyunsaturated FAs (n-6 PUFA) and n-3 PUFA, particularly EPA, in the blood. Thus, our study supports a role of increased EPA levels for cardioprotection.

scholarly journals Role of Apoptosis in Wound Healing and Apoptosis Alterations in Microgravity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Riwaldt ◽  
Thomas J. Corydon ◽  
Desiré Pantalone ◽  
Jayashree Sahana ◽  
Petra Wise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Impaired Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
Space Tourism ◽  
The Impact

Functioning as the outermost self-renewing protective layer of the human organism, skin protects against a multitude of harmful biological and physical stimuli. Consisting of ectodermal, mesenchymal, and neural crest-derived cell lineages, tissue homeostasis, and signal transduction are finely tuned through the interplay of various pathways. A health problem of astronauts in space is skin deterioration. Until today, wound healing has not been considered as a severe health concern for crew members. This can change with deep space exploration missions and commercial spaceflights together with space tourism. Albeit the molecular process of wound healing is not fully elucidated yet, there have been established significant conceptual gains and new scientific methods. Apoptosis, e.g., programmed cell death, enables orchestrated development and cell removal in wounded or infected tissue. Experimental designs utilizing microgravity allow new insights into the role of apoptosis in wound healing. Furthermore, impaired wound healing in unloading conditions would depict a significant challenge in human-crewed exploration space missions. In this review, we provide an overview of alterations in the behavior of cutaneous cell lineages under microgravity in regard to the impact of apoptosis in wound healing. We discuss the current knowledge about wound healing in space and simulated microgravity with respect to apoptosis and available therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids as Prebiotics: Innovation or Confirmation?

Foods ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Emanuele Rinninella ◽  
Lara Costantini
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Consensus Statement ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
New Frontier ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Living Organisms

The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP), in its last consensus statement about prebiotics, defined polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) as “candidate prebiotics” due to a lack of complete scientific evidence. Previous studies have demonstrated the ability of microbiota to metabolize PUFAs, although the role of the resulting metabolites in the host is less known. Recent partial evidence shows that these metabolites can have important health effects in the host, reinforcing the concept of the prebiotic action of PUFAs, despite the data being mostly related to omega-6 linoleic acid and to lactobacilli taxon. However, considering that the symbionts in our gut benefit from the nutritional molecules that we include in our diet, and that bacteria, like all living organisms, cannot benefit from a single nutritional molecule, the concept of the “correct prebiotic diet” should be the new frontier in the field of gut microbiota research.

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