scholarly journals Evaluation of the Coating with TiO2 Nanoparticles as an Option for the Improvement of the Characteristics of NiTi Archwires: Histopathological, Cytotoxic, and Genotoxic Evidence

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Morán-Martínez ◽  
Roberto Beltrán del Río-Parra ◽  
Nadia Denys Betancourt-Martínez ◽  
Rubén García-Garza ◽  
Joel Jiménez-Villarreal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Blood Sample ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Niti Alloy ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
The Times ◽  
Nuclear Alterations

For the EPD, different voltages and different times were used. Male rats were used in four groups (n=3) with different treatments. The blood sample was obtained for genotoxic analysis and liver and kidney organs were removed for histopathological analysis. The amount of NPs TiO2 deposited on the samples of the arches increases gradually in the times of 15 and 30 s. At all voltages, however, at 45, 60, 75, and 90 s, there is an increase up to 25 V. Cell viability in lymphocytes treated with TiO2 NPs did not cause genotoxicity. In the histopathological findings of hepatic and renal tissue, nuclear alterations and necrosis were observed. The objective of the study was to improve the physical and biocompatibility characteristics of the NiTi arches for which the EPD is used. The technique for the deposition of TiO2 NPs was used, where this technique could be used as an economical and versatile way to perform homogeneous depositions even on surfaces with the complexity of the NiTi alloy. As for genotoxicity and cytotoxicity, we continue to have controversial results.

scholarly journals Euterpe edulis pulp products and your effect on liver and kidney of in vivo model of colorectal cancer: Histopathological analysis / Produtos da polpa de Euterpe edulis e seus efeitos no fígado e nos rins em modelo in vivo de câncer colorretal: Análise histopatológica

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 99446-99464
Author(s):  
Flávia Barbosa Pinto ◽  
Cinthia Vidal Monteiro da Silva Couto ◽  
Anderson Barros Archanjo ◽  
Mayara Mota Oliveira ◽  
Joaquim Gasparini Dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Euterpe Edulis ◽  
Liver And Kidney

The objective was to report the injuries on liver and kidney promoted by experimental colorectal carcinogenesis induction in rats and evaluate the effect of supplementation with Euterpe edulis M. pulp products on resolution of this injuries. Colorectal carcinogenesis with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine was induced in young male rats, allocated into: C - induced to carcinogenesis; CJ - induced to carcinogenesis and supplemented with juçara fruit pulp; and CE - induced to carcinogenesis and supplemented with juçara fruit lyophilized extract. Nine animals were a negative control. Supplementation occurred three times a week, totaling 54 days of administration with 1 mg of cyanidin-3-glycoside per kilogram live weight. The hepatic and renal histopathological injuries were assessed at 10 and 23 weeks. In liver, at 10-week biliary hyperplasia was more evident in colorectal cancer induced groups compared to N group (p = 0.0230), as well as megalocytosis (p = 0.0269), and juçara fruit-based product do not promote cytoprotection. At 23-week biliary hyperplasia continued present, and liver necrosis was evident in C group and CJ group. Hepatic degeneration was greater in C group, and megalocytosis was evident in the cancer-induced groups, without cytoprotection by juçara fruit-based product. In kidney, at 23-week, renal congestion was more evident in CJ group, and tubular degeneration in C and CE groups. Important hepatic and renal injuries were observed in rats induced to colorectal cancer and the supplementation with juçara fruit-based product, in the dose used, did not interfere in the prevention and resolution of these injuries, mainly with the chronic use.

scholarly journals Effect of Chronic Administration of Aqueous Leaves Extract of Moringa Stenopetala on Blood Parameters and Histology of Liver and Kidney in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fikre Bayu ◽  
Mekbeb Afework ◽  
Bekesho Geleta ◽  
Wondwossen Ergete ◽  
Eyasu Makonnen
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Moringa Stenopetala ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters

BACKGROUND: Moringa stenopetala is used as nourishments, and treatment of various diseases. However, there is no much information on its safety. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the chronic administration of aqueous leaves extract of the plant.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four rats were divided into: a control group administered with distilled water and three experimental groups, respectively, administered with the extract at doses of 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg orally for six months were investigated. Various hematological and biochemical parameters followed by histopathological analysis were evaluated.RESULTS: Treatment with the extract did not significantly affect most of the hematological parameters. However, there were a significant decrease of MCH at doses of 1000 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg in male rats and increase of MCV at all doses in female rats. Levels of ALP at 2000 mg/kg and those of AST and ALT at 1000 and 2000 mg/kg were significantly increased in male rats. Furthermore, significant decrease in urea and increase in creatinine levels at the dose of 2000 mg/kg occurred in female rats. Mild histopathological changes were also observed in the liver of male rats and kidney of female rats treated with the extract, respectively at doses of 1000 and 2000 mg/kg, and 2000 mg/kg.CONCLUSION: Findings from the present study suggest that prolonged administration of extract of Moringa stenopetala at therapeutic doses is safe, but shows sign of mild toxicity as dose increases, with differential effect on male verses female rats.

Proposed mechanism for increased thyroxine deiodination in cold-acclimated rats

1981 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1157-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Scammell ◽  
C. C. Barney ◽  
M. J. Fregly
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Outer Ring ◽  
Thyroid Activity ◽  
Beta Adrenergic ◽  
Additional Group ◽  
Adrenergic Activity ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Groups of male rats were administered isoproterenol (ISO), thyroxine (T4), or both (ISO + T4) daily for 20 days in an attempt to mimic the effect of cold acclimation on the rate of outer-ring deiodination of T4 to triiodothyronine (T3) by 2,000-g supernatants of homogenates of liver and kidney. The rates of hepatic and renal deiodination of T4 to T3 in an additional group of rats exposed to 4 +/- 1 degree C for 20 days were 53 and 71% higher, respectively, than control. Administration of ISO (100 micrograms . kg-1 . day-1) did not affect the rate of deiodination of T4 to T3 by either hepatic or renal tissue. Administration of T4 (50 micrograms . kg-1 . day-1) resulted in rates of hepatic and renal deiodination of T4 that were 297 and 222% higher, respectively, than control. Administration of ISO + T4 resulted in a rate of conversion of T4 to T3 not significantly different from that observed when T4 was administered alone. Serum concentration of T4 was elevated after administration of both T4 and ISO + T4, whereas serum concentration of T3 was elevated significantly above that of control only in the cold-acclimated group. These results suggest that the increased rate of 5′-monodeiodination of T4 by hepatic and renal homogenates from cold-acclimated rats is not a result of increased beta-adrenergic activity but can be accounted for by the increase in thyroid activity observed in these animals.

Evaluating the Proposed Mechanism by Which Atorvastatin Can Protect Renal Tissue against Contrast Media: An Animal study

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-84
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Media ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Pleiotropic Effect ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Media Group

Contrast- induced nephropathy (CIN) is an elevation of serum creatinine of ≥ 0.5 mg/dL from baseline after two to three days of exposure to contrast substance if there is no other cause for acute kidney injury. Atorvastatin may protect normal kidney physiology from contrast- induced kidney injury by effects unrelated to hypolipidemia termed pleiotropic effect by decline of endothelin production, angiotensin system down regulation, and under expression of endothelial adhesion molecules. This study was conducted to assess the strategy by which atorvastatin can achieve protective effect for kidneys after exposure to contrast media in an animal model. A 40 male rats were distributed randomly into 4 groups; ten rats for each: group (1): given normal saline; group (2): CIN group given iopromide as contrast media; group (3): given atorvastatin (20mg/kg) and iopromide; and group (4): given atorvastatin (40mg/kg) and iopromide. Blood collected by cardiac puncture for detection of serum glutathione, malondialdehyde, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and interleukin-18. The results have shown a significant increase in inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in contrast media group, and significant reduction in these markers in atorvastatin treated groups, in a dose-dependent manner. As conclusion, atorvastatin mechanism for protection against CIN in a dose-dependent manner can mediate by anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

Preparation and Biochemical Evaluation of Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Punica granatum Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Haroun ◽  
Abdel-Tawab H. Mossa ◽  
Samia M.M. Mohafrash
Keyword(s):  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Pomegranate Peel ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Pomegranate Peel Extract ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Functionalized Mwcnts ◽  
Peel Extract

Background: Funcionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (ox-MWCNTs) were used for the preparation of therapeutic nanoparticles for delivery of some bioactive compounds. Consequently, this work deals with the preparation of grafted MWCNTs with n-vinyl caprolactam in the presence of pomegranate peel extract (P. granatum), titanium dioxide (TiO2) and/or silver nanoparticeles and their toxic effects on male mice using in vivo biological examination (liver and kidney dysfunction biomarkers) and the histopathological analysis. Methods: P. granatum extract was immobilized onto functionalized MWCNTs using simple adsorption technique. Moreover, The prepared materials were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM). In vivo examination using liver and kidney dysfunction biomarkers was investigated. In addition, the histopathological study was carried out. Results: The ox-MWCNTs induced significant elevation in the liver enzymes including AST, ALT and ALP relative to the control group. While, the treatment with P. granatum extract only did not induce any change in the liver and kidney biomarkers. In other words, P. granatum extract loaded onto functionalized MWCNTs showed low effects on liver enzymes and kidney function biomarkers in the treated mice in comparison with ox-MWCNTs and extract separately. Moreover, histopathological analysis revealed that the P. granatum extract functionalized MWCNTs exhibited normal renal tissue with no histopathological alteration. Conclusion: The grafted MWCNTs with n-vinyl caprolactam in the presence of pomegranate peel extract (P. granatum), titanium dioxide (TiO2) and/or silver nanoparticeles were successfully prepared. SEM-micrographs showed complete coating of MWCNTs fiber with the extract. The prepared materials resulted in no toxic effects and the histopathological findings were confirmed by inflammation of the liver and kidney tissues.

The protective role of luteolin against the methotrexate-induced hepato-renal toxicity via its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects in rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712199190
Author(s):  
AA Dar ◽  
A Fehaid ◽  
S Alkhatani ◽  
S Alarifi ◽  
WS Alqahtani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Apoptotic Effects

Methotrexate (MTX) is frequently used drug in treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases. Unfortunately, MTX has many side effects including the hepato-renal toxicity. In this study, we hypothesized that Luteolin (Lut) exhibits protective effect against the MTX-induced hepato-renal toxicity. In order to investigate our hypothesis, the experiment was designed to examine the effect of exposure of male rats to MTX (20 mg/kg, i.p., at day 9) alone or together with Lut (50 mg/kg, oral for 14 days) compared to the control rats (received saline). The findings demonstrated that MTX treatment induced significant increases in the liver and kidney functions markers in serum samples including Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT), creatinine, urea and uric acid. MTX also mediated an oxidative stress expressed by elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) level and decreased level of reduced glutathione (GSH), antioxidant enzyme activities, and downregulation of the Nrf2 gene expression as an antioxidant trigger. Moreover, the inflammatory markers (NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-1β) were significantly elevated upon MTX treatment. In addition, MTX showed an apoptotic response mediated by elevating the pro-apoptotic (Bax) and lowering the anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) proteins. All of these changes were confirmed by the observed alterations in the histopathological examination of the hepatic and renal tissues. Lut exposure significantly reversed all the MTX-induced changes in the measured parameters suggesting its potential protective role against the MTX-induced toxicity. Finally, our findings concluded the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of Lut as a mechanism of its protective role against the MTX-induced hepato-renal toxicity in rats.

The Obesogenic Potency of Various High-Caloric Diet Compositions in Male Rats, and Their Effects on Expression of Liver and Kidney Proteins Involved in Drug Elimination

2017 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 1650-1658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Abdussalam ◽  
Osama H. Elshenawy ◽  
Yousef A. bin Jardan ◽  
Ayman O.S. El-Kadi ◽  
Dion R. Brocks
Keyword(s):  
Male Rats ◽  
Drug Elimination ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
High Caloric Diet

scholarly journals Glutathione Conjugates of Ochratoxin a as Biomarkers of Exposure / Glutationski Konjugati Okratoksina A Kao Biomarkeri Izloženosti

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Tozlovanu ◽  
Delphine Canadas ◽  
Annie Pfohl-Leszkowicz ◽  
Christine Frenette ◽  
Robert J. Paugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Amide Bond ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dark Agouti ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney

AbstractIn the present study the photoreactivity of the fungal carcinogen ochratoxin A (OTA) has been utilised to generate authentic samples of reduced glutathione (GSH) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) conjugates of the parent toxin. These conjugates, along with the nontoxic OTα, which is generated through hydrolysis of the amide bond of OTA by carboxypeptidase A, were utilised as biomarkers to study the metabolism of OTA in the liver and kidney of male and female Dark Agouti rats. Male rats are more susceptible than female rats to OTA carcinogenesis with the kidney being the target organ. Our studies show that the distribution of OTA in male and female rat kidney is not significantly different. However, the extent of OTA metabolism was greater in male than female rats. Much higher levels of OTα were detected in the liver compared to the kidney, and formation of OTα is a detoxification pathway for OTA. These findings suggest that differences in metabolism between male and female rats could provide an explanation for the higher sensitivity of male rats to OTA toxicity

Toxicological evaluation of hydroethanol leaf extract of Pupalia lappacea (Linn.) Juss. (Amaranthaceae) in rodents

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murtala Akanji Abdullahi ◽  
Elijah Oladapo Oyinloye ◽  
Akinyinka Alabi ◽  
Aderonke Adeyinka Aderinola ◽  
Luqman Opeyemi Ogunjimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Abstract Objectives Several studies have established the ethnobotanical benefits of Pupalia lappacea (PL) in laboratory animals without extensive toxicological evaluation of its safety profiles. Thus, an extensive toxicological investigation of sub-chronic oral administration of the hydroethanol leaf extract of P. lappacea in rodents was carried out in this study. Methods Different groups of rats were treated orally with the extract (10, 50 and 250 mg/kg) daily for 90 consecutive days. The control group received distilled water (10 mL/kg). After 90 days, some rats were left for additional 30 days without treatment for reversibility study. Blood and organs samples were collected for different evaluations at the end of study periods. Results The extract decreased the bodyweights, feeding and water intakes in female rats. PL increased the weights of the liver and kidney in male rats. PL increased the red blood cell (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb), triglycerides (TRIG), cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL) contents in rats. PL (250 mg/kg) significantly reduced the sperm motility and serum testosterone level. Cyto-architectural distortions of the testes, liver and spleen were visible. Conclusions The findings showed that P. lappacea is relatively safe at lower doses but cautions should be taken at higher dose.

scholarly journals Surgical reduction of the renal mass in rats: morphologic and functional analysis on the remnant kidney

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Sérgio Santos ◽  
Eduardo Wei Kin Chin ◽  
Sérgio Ossamu Ioshii ◽  
Renato Tambara Filho
Keyword(s):  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Renal Mass ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Glomerular Sclerosis ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Glomerular Injury ◽  
Renal Hypertrophy ◽  
Surgical Ablation ◽  
Remnant Kidney

PURPOSE: This study has analyzed the giochemical and morphological effects on the remmant kidney in rats which were submitted to progressive surgical ablation of renal mass. METHODS: Sixty Wistar male rats, weighing between 210 and 380g, were used and they were distributed in 3 groups of 20 animals each. The rats from the groups called 1, 2 and 3 were submitted to the surgical removal of renal tissue equivalent to ½, 2/3 and 5/6 of the whole renal mass, respectively. Then the groups were subdivided into 2 subgroups and they were operated again within 24 hours (subgroups 1B, 2B and 3B) and within 8 weeks (subgroups 1C, 2C and 3C) for the removal of the remnant kidney. 24-hour urine and blood were collected to analyze serum creatinine, clearance of creatinine and proteinuria in the first surgical intervention and at the time of the re-operation. The remnant kidney was submitted to a macroscopic evaluation for the degree of hypertrophy and to the analysis of histology. RESULTS: There was a significant increase of the volume of the remnant kidney (164%) and glomerular sclerosis was present in 40% of the animals submitted to the ablation of 5/6 of renal mass. Functional alterations characterized by the increase of urinary excretion of proteins (50% in group 3), rise in the serum creatinine (261% subgroup 2B; 371% subgroup 3B, 118% subgroup 3C) and a significant reduction of the clearance of creatinine (control x subgroup 3C = 2,88 x 1,15 ml/min: p<0,05 were also observed. CONCLUSION: The compensatory renal hypertrophy, as well as the glomerular injury translated in the form of proteinuria and sclerosis, are closed related to the volume of the remnant kidney, thus they are more evident when a greater fraction of the renal tissue is excised.

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