scholarly journals Treatment of Rectovaginal Fistula Using Sphincteroplasty and Fistulectomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kemal Beksac ◽  
Atakan Tanacan ◽  
Nejat Ozgul ◽  
Mehmet Sinan Beksac
Keyword(s):  
Rectovaginal Fistula ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rectovaginal Fistulas ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
Repair Attempt ◽  
Trauma Group

Aim. To assess the results of the treatment of rectovaginal fistulas with incontinence and impaired anal tonus. Materials and Methods. This study comprised three rectovaginal fistula groups that were treated using sphincteroplasty and fistulectomy: group 1: eight women with simple rectovaginal fistula due to birth trauma; group 2: six rectovaginal fistula cases that were associated with chronic inflammatory diseases; and group 3: five cases with at least one failed repair attempt. In the second step, operations that took place before the year 2000 were compared to the operations that took place after the year 2000 in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics. Results. All of the simple rectovaginal fistula cases healed after the operation. Five of the group 2 patients healed after the operation. However, 1 patient with Crohn’s disease needed to undergo reoperation, but successfully healed after 6 months. On the contrary, 3 patients in group 3 healed (60%) whereas 2 of them failed to heal. Clinical characteristics of the patients were different between the groups (before and after the year 2000). Conclusion. The choice of operation must be done according to the patient’s underlying pathology. Proper management of associated inflammatory diseases and systemic disorders is recommended for necessary complex cases.

scholarly journals The Effect of Broccoli Sprout Extract on Seasonal Grass Pollen-Induced Allergic Rhinitis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1337
Author(s):  
Joseph Yusin ◽  
Vivian Wang ◽  
Susanne M. Henning ◽  
Jieping Yang ◽  
Chi-Hong Tseng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Nasal Spray ◽  
Placebo Tablet ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Nasal Steroid ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Broccoli Sprout

Patients exposed to pollutants are more likely to suffer from allergic rhinitis and may benefit from antioxidant treatment. Our study determined if patients diagnosed with grass-induced allergic rhinitis could benefit from broccoli sprout extract (BSE) supplementation. In total, 47 patients were confirmed with grass-induced allergic rhinitis and randomized to one of four groups: group 1 (nasal steroid spray + BSE), group 2 (nasal steroid spray + placebo tablet), group 3 (saline nasal spray + BSE) and group 4 (saline nasal spray + placebo tablet). Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow (PNIF), Total Nasal Symptoms Scores (TNSS) and nasal mucus cytokine levels were analyzed in samples collected before and after the 3-week intervention. Comparing before and after the intervention, PNIF improved significantly when comparing Groups 1 and 2, vs. placebo, at various time points (p ≤ 0.05 at 5, 15, 60 and 240 min) following nasal challenge, while TNSS was only statistically significant at 5 (p = 0.03), 15 (p = 0.057) and 30 (p = 0.05) minutes. There were no statistically significant differences in various cytokine markers before and after the intervention. Combining nasal corticosteroid with BSE led to the most significant improvement in objective measures.

Endoscopic approaches to benign sphenoid sinus lesions: development of an algorithm based on 13 years of experience

2014 ◽  
Vol 128 (9) ◽  
pp. 791-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
A S Elhamshary ◽  
H E Romeh ◽  
M F Abdel-Aziz ◽  
S M Ragab
Keyword(s):  
Revision Surgery ◽  
Sphenoid Sinus ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Endoscopic Approach ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Transnasal Approach ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

AbstractObjective:To develop an algorithm for selecting the optimal endoscopic approach for benign sphenoid lesions.Methods:Charts of 392 patients were reviewed and categorised according to disease nature and extent as follows: group 1 comprised isolated sphenoid sinus lesion cases, group 2 consisted of pansinus lesion cases and group 3 comprised lateral sphenoid recess lesion cases. Surgical approaches, difficulties and complications were noted.Results:A transnasal approach was employed in 40.8 per cent of cases (23.2 per cent were group 1 patients, 16.1 per cent were group 2 patients and 1.5 per cent were group 3 patients), a transethmoidal approach was utilised in 54.3 per cent of cases (group 2 patients) and a transpterygopalatine fossa approach was selected in 4.9 per cent of cases (group 3 patients). Surgical difficulties were encountered in 11.9, 10.8 and 0 per cent of patients in whom transnasal, transethmoidal or transpterygopalatine approaches were utilised, respectively.Conclusion:Radio-pathological categorisation provided a means of developing an algorithm for selecting the most appropriate endoscopic approach. Transnasal sphenoidotomy should be the first choice of approach whenever applicable. Lateral sphenoid recess non-inflammatory diseases should be managed through a transpterygopalatine fossa approach. Revision surgery does not play a key role in the algorithm.

Suicidal Behavior and Community Mental Health Care in Emilia-Romagna (Italy)

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Crepet ◽  
S. Caracciolo ◽  
D. Fabbri ◽  
A. Tomelli ◽  
S. Tugnoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Community Mental Health ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Community Mental Health Service ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Previous Contact ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Parasuicide and aftercare treatment in a Community Mental Health Service (CMHS) were studied both retrospectively and prospectively. Data were extracted from CMHS Epidemiological Register. Six hundred and fifty persons were recruited (450 F, 200 M), referring to 779 parasuicide episodes. Higher rates (102/100,000) were observed in females in the age class fifteen to twenty-four, while the general rate was 52.79. Psychiatric care was studied for 311 suicide attempters, subsequently divided in three Groups. Thirty-nine subjects (12.5%) previously unknown at CMHS resulted to receive psychiatric treatment after follow up (GROUP 1), while seventy-two attempters (23.15%) with previous contact (GROUP 2) remained mostly (16.4%) in contact; two-hundred subjects (64.3%) without previous contact were still unknown after parasuicide (GROUP 3). Parasuicide repetition was higher for Group 2, while suicide incidence was higher for Group 1. Results suggest that most peclple skip psychiatric care before and after parasuicide.

scholarly journals INFLUENCES OF TWO COMBINATIONS OF NEUROMUSCULAR DRILLS AND ASANA PRACTICES ON AGILITY OF BASKETBALL PLAYERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 167-172
Author(s):  
D. Maniazhagu ◽  
S. Malar ◽  
M. Murali
Keyword(s):  
Training Programme ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Random Group ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Hoc

The purpose of study was to find out the influences of two combinations of neuromuscular drills and asana practices on agility of basketball players.  To achieve the purpose of the study, thirty basket ball players with the age of 10 to 13 years from Navabisha Montessori School, Velachery, Chennai, Tamilnadu were selected as subject at random. The study was formulated as pre and post test random group design. The selected subject was divided into three equal groups. The group-1 (n=10, NMD-AP) underwent neuromuscular drills combined with asana practices. The group-2 (n=10, AP-NMD) underwent asana practices combined with neuromuscular drills and group 3 served as control group (n=10, CG). In this study, two training programme were adopted as independent variables and the agility was selected as dependent variable. It was tested by T test; scores recorded in seconds. The agility tested before and after the training period. The collected pre and post data was critically analyzed with apt statistical tool of analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA). The Scheffe’s post hoc test was used to find out pair-wise comparisons between groups. The result clearly proved that there was a significant improvement on agility in experimental groups than the control group.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTIVIRAL THERAPY IN CHRONIC HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 6 TYPE INFECTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-171
Author(s):  
Irina Anisimovna Rakitianskaya ◽  
T. S. Ryabova ◽  
A. A. Kalashnikova
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Group 12 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Type Infection

Introduction. In recent years human-6 herpes virus (HHV-6) has become the most commonly detected virus in peripheral blood, saliva and cerebrospinal fluid, both in asymptomatic infections and in diseases potentially associated with HHV-6. Today, no antiviral drug has been officially approved for the treatment of HHV-6. Materials and methods. 57 patients with chronic HHV-6 infection were examined (mean age 33.34 ± 1.86 years). Patients were divided into three groups for different treatment regimens: 1 group (12 patients) received therapy with Famvir; Group 2 (16 patients) received Valcite; Group 3 (29 patients) - Ingaron. All patients were determined by the number of copies of HHV-6 DNA by PCR in saliva samples before and after the therapy. Results. None of the patient groups received negative PCR results after treatment. In groups of patients after valcyte therapy and therapy with Ingaron there is a significant decrease in the number of copies of HHV-6 DNA. The severity of complaints after therapy was also analyzed. Significant therapeutic effect a month after therapy showed Ingaron, to a slightly lesser extent - Valcite. The worst result was obtained in the group of patients receiving famvir.

scholarly journals Atopic Biomarker Changes after Exposure to Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide: A Small Experimental Study in Wistar Rat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sindy Cornelia Nelwan ◽  
Ricardo Adrian Nugraha ◽  
Anang Endaryanto ◽  
Asti Meizarini ◽  
Udijanto Tedjosasongko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Periodontal Pathogen ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

BackgroundIgE and IgG4 are implicated in atopic development and clinically utilized as major biomarkers. Atopic responses following certain pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis is currently an area of interest for further research.PurposeThe aim of this study is to measure the level of IgE, IgG4, and IgG4/IgE ratio periodically after exposure of periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).MethodsWe used 16 wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) randomly subdivided into 4 groups, group 1 were injected by placebo, group 2 by LPS Pg 0.3 μg/mL,group 3 by LPS Pg 1 μg/mL, and group 4 by LPS Pg 3 μg/mL. Sera from both groups were taken from retro-orbital plexus before and after exposure.ResultsLevel of IgE and IgG4 increased significantly following exposure of LPS Pg at day-4 and day-11. Greater increase of IgE rather than IgG4 contributes to rapid decline of IgG4/IgE ratio, detected in the peripheral blood at day-4 and day-11.ConclusionModulation of atopic responses following exposure to LPS Pg is reflected by decrease in IgG4/IgE ratio that accompanies an increase of IgE.Clinical significancePorphyromonas gingivalis, a keystone pathogen during periodontal disease, may have a tendency to disrupt atopic biomarkers.

Effects of experimental volume-overload hypertrophy on myocardial blood flow and cardiac function

1981 ◽  
Vol 241 (4) ◽  
pp. H564-H570 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Badke ◽  
F. C. White ◽  
M. Le Winter ◽  
J. Covell ◽  
J. Andres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Volume Overload ◽  
Aortocaval Fistula ◽  
Blood Flows ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Shunt Closure ◽  
Group 1

To examine the effects of volume-overload hypertrophy on regional myocardial perfusion, we determined myocardial blood flows with microspheres at rest, during exercise, and during exercise with adenosine infusion in dogs with aortocaval fistulas for 12 wk (group 2) and sham-operated controls (group 1). A subgroup of six animals (group 3) was studied both before and after shunt closure in order to separate the influences of hypertrophy from the hemodynamic effects of the fistula. Epicardial blood flows in animals with patent fistulas were significantly greater than in controls under all conditions (P less than 0.05). However, endocardial blood flows were lower at maximal exercise and with adenosine, so that the endocardial-to-epicardial blood flow ratios were reduced 36 and 28%, respectively(P less than 0.05). These flow abnormalities were reversed by closing the fistula prior to regression of hypertrophy. Moreover, coronary resistance per unit of myocardium was not different for the three groups. These results suggest that the blood-flow abnormalities seen in the exercising dog with an aortocaval fistula are secondary to hemodynamic considerations and not to hypertrophy itself. Low aortic diastolic pressures and high myocardial oxygen demands during exercise may combine to produce subendocardial hypoperfusion in this model.

Comparison of Sample Preparation Procedures for Colorimetric Analysis of Nitrite in Frankfurters

1978 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1063-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Nicholas Fiddler ◽  
Jay B Fox
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Colorimetric Analysis ◽  
Griess Reagent ◽  
Fermented Sausages ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Initial Extraction

Abstract Three groups of methods for analyzing nitrite in meat are compared. All methods consist of a sequence of steps, grouped according to initial extraction procedures. In Croup 1, the sample is treated with borate followed by HgCl2 or Carrez I, and then Carrez II. In Group 2, the sample is diluted with water, heated at 80°C, and analyzed immediately (AOAC) or after addition of either Na2CO3 and FeCl3 or HgCl2. In Group 3, the sample is made alkaline with NH4C1 buffer and then treated with one of the following: activated carbon plus Carrez I and II, alumina cream, or A1K(S04)2. At each step when the method involved the addition of a chemical, supernates and precipitates (if formed) were analyzed for nitrite by Griess reagent both before and after AOAC digestion. The normally discarded precipitates formed after addition of HgCl2 and Carrez I and II contained bound nitrite that could be detected by AOAC analysis. Except in the AOAC method, HgCl2 improved nitrite analysis. Results by AOAC analysis were 3 to 300% higher than those determined after addition of any chemical or combination of chemicals. Spiked meat samples could not be used in comparing nitrite analysis methods because results were misleading. Acid meat samples, such as fermented sausages, required neutralization before AOAC analysis.

Plasma Citrulline as a Biomarker for Early Diagnosis of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilima Jawale ◽  
Mallory Prideaux ◽  
Malavika Prasad ◽  
Malki Miller ◽  
Shantanu Rastogi
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Plasma Citrulline ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Group 1

Objective Citrulline synthesized by healthy enterocytes and decreases with injury. This work aimed to study plasma citrulline concentrations (CITs) as a biomarker to differentiate among infants presenting with early nonspecific signs and symptoms of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) with those who will develop NEC. Further to study the correlation between posttreatment CIT with time to full feeds (TTFF) and length of stay (LOS). Study Design This is a prospective study which included infants < 32 weeks gestational age (GA) with 9 infants each in Group 1 (stage 2/3 NEC), Group 2 (with stage 1 NEC-like presentation), and Group 3 (healthy GA-matched infants). CIT was measured in Groups 1 and 2 within 24 hours of presentation and again in Group 1 after treatment. Results The three groups were similar in clinical characteristics. Median CIT (µmol/L) in Group 1 (15.4 [interquartile range, IQR: 7.3–18.0]) was lower than Group 2 (22.2 [IQR: 18.3–27.3], p = 0.02) and Group 3 (24.9 [IQR: 19.8–31.9], p = 0.009). Posttreatment CIT in Group 1 did not correlate with TTFF (r = 0.15; p = 0.69) and LOS (r =  − 0.33; p = 0.38). Conclusion CIT was lower in infants with NEC as compared with healthy controls and those infants with nonspecific signs of NEC. CIT after treatment does not correlate with TTFF and LOS. Key Points

scholarly journals The prognostic value of visually assessing enamel microcracks: Do debonding and adhesive removal contribute to their increase?

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma Dumbryte ◽  
Tomas Jonavicius ◽  
Laura Linkeviciene ◽  
Tomas Linkevicius ◽  
Vytaute Peciuliene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
Room Illumination ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ceramic Brackets ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Adhesive Removal ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objective:  To find a correlation between the severity of enamel microcracks (EMCs) and their increase during debonding and residual adhesive removal (RAR). Materials and Methods:  Following their examination with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), 90 extracted human premolars were divided into three groups of 30: group 1, teeth having pronounced EMCs (visible with the naked eye under normal room illumination); group 2, teeth showing weak EMCs (not apparent under normal room illumination but visible by SEM); and group 3, a control group. EMCs have been classified into weak and pronounced, based on their visibility. Metal brackets (MB) and ceramic brackets (CB), 15 of each type, were bonded to all the teeth from groups 1 and 2. Debonding was performed with pliers, followed by RAR. The location, length, and width of the longest EMCs were measured using SEM before and after debonding. Results:  The mean overall width (Woverall) was higher for pronounced EMCs before and after debonding CB (P &lt; .05), and after the removal of MB. Pronounced EMCs showed greater length values using both types of brackets. After debonding, the increase in Woverall of pronounced EMCs was 0.57 µm with MB (P &lt; .05) and 0.30 µm with CB; for weak EMCs, − 0.32 µm with MB and 0.30 µm with CB. Conclusions:  Although the teeth having pronounced EMCs showed higher width and length values, this did not predispose to greater EMCs increase after debonding MB and CB followed by RAR.

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