High Cholesterol Diet-Induced Changes in Oxysterol and Scavenger Receptor Levels in Heart Tissue

Involvement of high cholesterol and oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases is well studied, as it can be hypothesized that various products originated from lipid peroxidation, such as oxysterols, or affected protein expression might lead to cardiomyocyte damage followed by the pathological modifications. Although oxidation of excessive cholesterol to oxysterols in elevated stress conditions is identified by a number of studies, the role of a high cholesterol diet in regulating fatty acid and oxysterol accumulation, together with scavenger receptor mRNA levels, in the heart remains little investigated. Our study provides a detailed analysis of the changes in fatty acid, oxysterol, and scavenger receptor profiles and its relation with histological alterations in the heart tissue. We evaluated alterations of fatty acid composition, by the GC-MS method, while 4β-, 25-, and 27-hydroxycholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol levels by means of LC-MS/MS in high cholesterol diet-fed rabbits. Additionally, a number of proteins related to lipid metabolism and scavenger receptor mRNA expressions were evaluated by Western blotting and RT-PCR. According to our in vivo results, a high cholesterol diet enhances a number of unsaturated fatty acids, oxysterols, and LXRα, in addition to CD36, CD68, CD204, and SR-F1 expressions while α-tocopherol supplementation decreases LXRα and SR expressions together with an increase in 27-hydroxycholesterol and ABCA1 levels. Our results indicated that the high cholesterol diet modulates proteins related to lipid metabolism, which might result in the malfunction of the heart and α-tocopherol shows its beneficial effects. We believe that this work will lead the generation of different theories in the development of heart diseases.

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The effect of cranberry consumption on lipid metabolism and inflammation in human apo A-I transgenic mice fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114520004080 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Christian Caceres ◽

Mi-Bo Kim ◽

Minkyung Bae ◽

Tho X. Pham ◽

Yoojin Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Soleus Muscle ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

High Cholesterol Diet ◽

Cholesterol Diet ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

High Fat ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Hdl Metabolism

Abstract Lipid metabolism and inflammation contribute to CVD development. This study investigated whether the consumption of cranberries (CR; Vaccinium macrocarpon) can alter HDL metabolism and prevent inflammation in mice expressing human apo A-I transgene (hApoAITg), which have similar HDL profiles to those of humans. Male hApoAITg mice were fed a modified American Institute of Nutrition-93M high-fat/high-cholesterol diet (16 % fat, 0·25 % cholesterol, w/w; n 15) or the high-fat/high-cholesterol diet containing CR (5 % dried CR powder, w/w, n 16) for 8 weeks. There were no significant differences in body weight between the groups. Serum total cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol and TAG concentrations were significantly lower in the control than CR group with no significant differences in serum HDL-cholesterol and apoA-I. Mice fed CR showed significantly lower serum lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase activity than the control. Liver weight and steatosis were not significantly different between the groups, but hepatic expression of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism was significantly lower in the CR group. In the epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), the CR group showed higher weights with decreased expression of genes for lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation. The mRNA abundance of F4/80, a macrophage marker and the numbers of crown-like structures were less in the CR group. In the soleus muscle, the CR group also demonstrated higher expression of genes for fatty acid β-oxidation and mitochondrial biogenesis than those of the control. In conclusion, although CR consumption elicited minor effects on HDL metabolism, it prevented obesity-induced inflammation in eWAT with concomitant alterations in soleus muscle energy metabolism.

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Effects of Dietary Oils with Different n-3 Fatty Acid Sources and n-3/n-6 Ratios on Lipid Metabolism of Rats Fed on a High Cholesterol Diet

Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1271/bbb.58.695 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

pp. 695-698 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Toshichika Takita ◽

Kahoru Nakamura ◽

Satoshi Innami

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

High Cholesterol Diet ◽

Cholesterol Diet ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

Dietary Oils

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Effect of Polygonum multiflorum Thunberg Extract on Lipid Metabolism in Rats Fed High-Cholesterol Diet

Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition ◽

10.3746/jkfn.2012.41.7.957 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 41 (7) ◽

pp. 957-962 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jun-Hweok Choi ◽

Hye-Sung Lee ◽

Young-Eon Kim ◽

Byoung-Mok Kim ◽

In-Ho Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

High Cholesterol Diet ◽

Cholesterol Diet ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

Polygonum Multiflorum

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Emodin alleviated hyperlipidemia and hepatic lipid metabolism in zebrafish larvae fed a high-cholesterol diet via AMPK/SREBP-2/PCSK9/LDLR signaling pathway

10.21203/rs.3.rs-796126/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Linfeng He ◽

Cheng Wang ◽

Yafang Zhang ◽

Chaocheng Guo ◽

Yan Wan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Cholesterol Diet ◽

Low Density ◽

Cholesterol Diet ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

Cholesterol Accumulation ◽

Hepatic Lipid ◽

Zebrafish Larvae

Abstract BackgroundEmodin (EM) is one of bioactive components extracted from Rheum palmatum L. (Dahuang), which possesses numerous pharmacological activities including hypolipidemic effect. However, the potential action of EM on hyperlipidemia (HLP) remains unclear. Here, the theraputic effect of EM against HLP were investigated.MethodsIn this study, the hypolipidemic properties of EM were evaluated using high-cholesterol diet (HCD)-stimulated zebrafish larvae model. The body weight, body length and body mass index (BMI) was measured. The total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) as well as the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were detected by corresponding assay kits. Tg (flil: eGFP) zebrafish were utilized to observe vascular cholesterol accumulation and Tg (mpx: eGFP) zebrafish to visualize and quantify neutrophil inflammation. The hepatic lipid deposition and hepatic histopathology were analyzed by Oil red O staining and H&E staining, respectively. Finally, the underlying mechanism of EM were investigated using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis to assess the gene levels of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKα), sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2), proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 (PCSK9), low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), adenosine triphosphate binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and adenosine triphosphate binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1).ResultsOur data indicated that EM reduced obesity of zebrafish as evidenced by the decrease in body weight, body length and BMI. EM significantly reduced TC, TG, and LDL-C, and increased HDL-C contents. Moreover, it displayed a prominent inhibitory effect on blood cholesterol accumulation, hepatic lipid accumulation, and neutrophil inflammation in vascular site. Additionally, EM improved the liver function through decreasing ALT and AST levels of zebrafish with HCD-induced hepatosteatosis. Further investigation showed that EM treatment attenuated lipid accumulation via upregulating the expression of AMPKα, LDLR, ABCA1 and ABCG1, and downregulating the expression of SREBP-2, PCSK9 and HMGCR.ConclusionTo conclude, EM alleviated lipid metabolism disorder symptoms caused by HCD via modulating AMPK/SREBP-2/PCSK9/LDLR pathway in larvae, suggesting that EM may be developed into hypolipidmic agent for treating lipid metabolism related diseases.

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THE EFFECT OF NONI (Morinda citrifolia) EXTRACT TO HEPAR HISTOPATHOLOGY AND TRIGLYCERIDE LEVEL IN RATS (Rattus Norvegicus) INDUCED BY DISLIPIDEMIA

JURNAL AGRI-TEK Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Eksakta ◽

10.33319/agtek.v20i2.34 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 76-81

Author(s):

Jhouharotul Faradisah ◽

Diah Purwaningsari

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Triglyceride Level ◽

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

Morinda Citrifolia ◽

Control Group ◽

High Cholesterol Diet ◽

Cholesterol Diet ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

White Rats ◽

Abnormal Lipid Metabolism

Dyslipidemia is an abnormal lipid metabolism which may cause fat degeneration on hepatocytes cells and elevated triglyceride serum level. Dyslipidemia can be prevented by the consumption of high antioxidant food. Noni(Morinda citrifolia) contains many antioxidant such as flavanoid, kuersetin, tannin, and saponin, which are able to prohibit the elevation of ROS.This research is aimed to find out the effect of noni(Morinda citrifolia) extract in reducing the number of hepatocyte’s cells with fat degeneration and decreasing the triglyceride level which is elevated due to high cholesterol diet induction.In this study white rats divided randomly into 4 groups, control group (K-), high cholesterol diet induced group (K+), high cholesterol diet induced with 100 mg/Kg BW noni extract group (P1), high cholesterol diet induced with 200 mg/Kg BW noni extract group (P2). The result shows that noni extract with dose 100 mg/Kg BW and 200 mg/Kg BWcan reduce the number of hepatocytes cells with fat degeneration (p= 0,026 and p=0,027) and decrease the level of triglyceride serum (p=0,036 and p=0,010).The conclusion is noni extract with dose 100 mg/KgBW reduces effectively the number of hepatocyte’s cells with fat degeneration and decreases the level of triglyceride serum which increase because of high cholesterol diet.

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